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An elliptic surface is a morphism \\(\\pi:X\\to \\mathbb{P}^1\\) where \\(X\\) is a complex, compact analytic surface and such that all but a finite number of fibers \\(X_t=\\pi^{-1}(t)\\) are nonsingular curves of genus 1. Moreover, \\(X\\) is said to be regular if \\(H^1(X, {\\mathcal O}_X)=\\{0\\}\\). A real elliptic surface is a pair \\((X, \\sigma)\\), where \\(\\sigma\\) is an antiholomorphic involution of the elliptic surface \\(X\\) such that \\(\\tau\\circ\\pi=\\pi\\circ \\sigma\\) and \\(\\tau:\\mathbb{P}^1\\to\\mathbb{P}^1\\) is complex conjugation. The real part of \\((X, \\sigma)\\) is the set \\(X(\\mathbb R)\\) of points of \\(X\\) fixed by \\(\\sigma\\).  The authors prove the inequality \\(\\pi_0(X(\\mathbb R))\\leq 5\\chi({\\mathcal O}_X)\\), where \\(\\pi_0(X(\\mathbb R))\\) is the number of connected components of the real part of a real regular elliptic surface \\((X, \\sigma)\\) admitting a real section, and \\(\\chi({\\mathcal O}_X)\\) is its holomorphic Euler characteristic. Moreover, this bound is attained for all values of \\(\\chi({\\mathcal O}_X)\\).  The proof, that is clever and well written, is not at all elementary. Among its the main ingredients it is worthwhile to mention the following. First it uses a nice result which has its own interest:  Let \\(\\pi:X\\to \\mathbb{P}^1\\) be a real, regular, elliptic surface relatively minimal and admitting a real section. Then, there exists a real, regular, elliptic surface \\(\\pi':Y\\to \\mathbb{P}^1\\) admitting a real section such that \\(\\chi({\\mathcal O}_X)= \\chi({\\mathcal O}_Y)\\) and  \\[  h_1(Y(\\mathbb R))=2\\pi_0(X(\\mathbb R)) \\quad \\text{and}\\quad h_1(X(\\mathbb R))=2\\pi_0(Y(\\mathbb R))  \\]  Secondly, the authors provide a proof of an unpublished result by Kharlamov that states the inequality \\(h_1(X(\\mathbb R))\\leq h^{1,1}(X)\\), where \\(X\\) is a real, regular, elliptic surface without multiple 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