{"entities":{"Q2474817":{"pageid":2485560,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2474817","lastrevid":50298569,"modified":"2026-01-13T18:57:37Z","type":"item","id":"Q2474817","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"George Boole and the origins of invariant theory"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5245483"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$4657D0C3-5577-49AC-8867-3618E27E3457","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"dcc8277a1cce07e21830d6719f9f3573a9507c11","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"George Boole and the origins of invariant theory","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$4DCA7F24-D7C7-433D-9877-516E59B66954","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f1b173e79e531f3f7b3a79331e069a6d9b14326d","datavalue":{"value":"1139.01009","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$4DFBA7B4-5992-4C77-AF84-3E3AA05C338A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5b89359d1fa5816ccbce7859a5003eda29d9dc8b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2359607,"id":"Q2359607"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$5D9F20A9-CC9E-4E25-A22F-05D9DFF48774","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c6d6937a3f0178a6597c072f974da30194879d85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168116,"id":"Q168116"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$F517EA63-DF3A-47AB-B73B-31A724BC5D18","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"cf82d0ee1f43b6e127707e975562f6a0a8754bd6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-03-06T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$8A245D6A-9E76-4D3A-A2CC-74866DFCA67D","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f60a2d054c4337e7c69b5199e5f038881b5b7d9f","datavalue":{"value":"Historians of mathematics often claim that invariant theory was born in two papers by George Boole in 1841 and 1842. This article aims to give a more complete picture of the origins of this branch of mathematics in which Arthur Cayley plays a central role as the founder of a `new school of invariant theory' (p. 44). Boole's 1841 and 1842 papers on invariant theory were chiefly concerned with determining when two pairs of forms are equivalent and if, what substitutions take the first pair to the second. Inspired by this work of Boole's, Cayley discovered new invariants, which he communicated to Boole. In this way Cayley initiated a revised research programme of studying the invariants themselves. Although Boole made some contributions to this new research programme, the article argues that he never abandoned his earlier concerns.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$F249A12A-30CC-4047-93C1-7D4CFC13A5AE","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"8913ea3a87a63fe7c2d19fc9987965c4ea39b15a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":263081,"id":"Q263081"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$A4947FE1-E375-4341-8F46-C95FC3BC8E6C","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7bfd0f006165ee82fae761f80e1a04a7310780c9","datavalue":{"value":"01A55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$1707C233-C8DB-4FB1-89AE-EA489510CE1C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b35a4dd6b69af6318a3999cc38fddaa4478871c5","datavalue":{"value":"13A50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$DE6B3520-AD19-4A93-AA1D-94D11A882B14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e97bd36d529226a5c2a7d319ccb88fe485aab7bf","datavalue":{"value":"15A72","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$21B99239-CADE-4E60-B7F2-E47FA728FCEE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"73df2e24ee01ca438d97338c2bdcf9877144efcc","datavalue":{"value":"15-03","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$540F15AC-AB17-4195-A8D6-29101523D097","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cf35447c1127a9d8d3649db59076205c102fe0a2","datavalue":{"value":"12-03","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$8482A056-1439-498B-B870-A4515083F1A3","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"0223886ae0b2e233a44ffd9c08885486e1cb775e","datavalue":{"value":"5245483","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$DFB11C85-DB2A-48AE-A706-38114B07F3DB","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b859b7710f4daf6bafddb6a08e97fcaddce754c8","datavalue":{"value":"Boole","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$95016F5D-435F-4662-A566-9FCCDC80BC97","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4dcd453fe6b178991dc2aee63963d3194adc3c5d","datavalue":{"value":"invariant theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$21655B36-6AF9-44C2-A207-CC7568B8F271","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2452cf8a41bebb2c4e343e82e95ad29a1b230f03","datavalue":{"value":"Cayley","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$FC7223B5-E0EF-4683-836E-9394A12BA27C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$ABA9C239-A5AA-4A61-B1D6-88CF47C58E81","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"dcaa90957407ed1026303396e286a3847f8e7ab7","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hm.2007.06.004","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$12072664-1B05-4032-8FDF-8675CA63A8CA","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"bb07f18ce4edababee7a0f65e37f512606ac9be0","datavalue":{"value":"W1979271095","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$51192B7C-198B-41D9-BF65-F1A48BAE613A","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"081ca09192ee9abd71ea8ffbc20f60825f31f568","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1094399,"id":"Q1094399"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$C8FFEA49-86CA-4D0F-BAA8-578669E0731E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d5baf9bb4be1fea6d9511ea0cf092509d824bcb3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4698332,"id":"Q4698332"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$7CDE8DAA-5618-4B1A-A05A-79D0850BC677","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d58d5871d1a3b94c3e2c1bc0e400d7eec60385a3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1213426,"id":"Q1213426"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$59A3661E-20A3-40F9-B6E7-68647A4ED177","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"f30cbbba137bcf8eb8fa498ed9e24813702e7e26","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.HM.2007.06.004","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2474817$E5F79262-BA33-4C57-A362-01C3CBCB4270","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f462280ad83952416d8afbd75df8dbb978b07579","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3426311,"id":"Q3426311"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bac5ce7d12a2d657fb308c8e59574d47e2f91b11","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8529943227767944","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2474817$242995C5-D1C4-432B-B87F-19B77E6D6643","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e9fd2abbdcfd1bcaa03b57c332c8a2a47085a881","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1094399,"id":"Q1094399"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"63dfdc2c58e1479ed9979a1106f5b082863a596e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8360427618026733","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2474817$71BB0F7B-4563-4E8C-8FAD-82466F8A6403","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5974d2bfb6e5cda8ba14ee255e451bcd36f6afd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3476768,"id":"Q3476768"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"54ffff8fbbe7718029591252d5230ed3eb02d2ce","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8254720568656921","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2474817$3A93A81E-72C9-4AE2-A89A-32CBBE86D0AC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ebeadf4632547a8b8c2ca1f9a0b439570ab1a9e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":871662,"id":"Q871662"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a50f51a48ba5762d13f50e61e8aba52e6732b283","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8153772950172424","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2474817$D4E7A3E4-2AAD-4A7B-B6B0-6582C3D27C12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"72bdf52ff20255141fa93fbee88c45dae60b8f9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2948750,"id":"Q2948750"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0ae69bf1b7517e484e4f84b31b0b994b5f8e75e1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.757601261138916","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2474817$C05E4BF4-5BC4-47EC-967F-DCE4DF0D5C02","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2474817","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2474817"}}}}}