{"entities":{"Q2475045":{"pageid":2485788,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2475045","lastrevid":57943587,"modified":"2026-04-03T04:42:06Z","type":"item","id":"Q2475045","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A commutator description of the solvable radical of a finite group."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5252434"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$852E51D7-7524-49BD-8F3A-854E425108D2","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"8d18f8cbf7babc33af9378c99540e0fdb5cb25f4","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A commutator description of the solvable radical of a finite group.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$5139FBEE-610E-4576-8F64-20F4F696AE79","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a47b6161ae3332c823177c0490c6ef00fabeeda6","datavalue":{"value":"1161.20016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$9FCAFFC9-04B5-4A3C-AF26-EC35E5C24E2C","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"66d4d19242c397719c92195acaca5dc609a8858d","datavalue":{"value":"10.4171/GGD/32","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$0D9D9B94-86B5-4172-B707-31B546A2FE9E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cc45e6b9322bed7360e4aac2a42f8c73614b44f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1787138,"id":"Q1787138"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$5F4B9F29-FAA9-4F3B-9F9D-01A521584A03","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"12e3e9652f934c7e19471889c1a9038496516295","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":260093,"id":"Q260093"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$7DC546F8-DB13-4460-B098-35A28F316A19","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"030acbb063ab57f6eca668129c65621a1e5cd15d","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2008-03-20T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$A27A621C-521E-4DF2-8EB1-EEA9EAD7335C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"9ca1ac8c73d311c317d0206fb06d9e7a67486116","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0610983","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$4A29D9C2-587D-4FBE-9AC9-ABBF6871BC61","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"04bf8f941269c8ee01f5b8a8d809e4c22b26d7fc","datavalue":{"value":"This impressive technical paper (the bulk of the argument consists of careful analysis of the simple nonabelian groups) succeeds in delivering the most pleasant and elegant output.   The authors characterize (Th. 1.3) for a finite group \\(G\\) the solvable radical of \\(G\\) as being the collection of all \\(g\\in G\\) such that, for any 7 elements \\(a_1,\\dots,a_7\\in G\\) the subgroup generated by the 8 elements \\(g,a_ig{a_i}^{-1}\\), \\(1\\leq i\\leq 7\\), is solvable.   As a consequence (Th. 1.4), a finite group \\(G\\) is solvable if and only if every 8 conjugate elements of \\(G\\) generate a solvable subgroup.   The authors conjecture that in Th. 1.4 the number 8 can be reduced to 4 -- this would be the best possible improvement, as in the symmetric groups \\(S_n\\) (\\(n\\geq 5\\)) any triple of transpositions generates a solvable subgroup.   The technique the authors use is to define, for an integer \\(k\\geq 2\\) the so-called \\(k\\)-radical elements. An element \\(g\\in G\\) is a \\(k\\)-radical element if for any \\(k\\) elements of \\(G\\) the subgroup generated by the simple commutators of \\(g\\) with these elements is solvable. Then the CFSG is used for a case by case inspection in order to prove a powerful technical result, (Th. 1.11): A finite nonabelian simple group has no nontrivial 3-radical elements.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$5BD0A50A-49C3-46DE-9F3F-E78326084E66","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0838ebc9c8bacb3297c2f0d131d4b9d35e288c46","datavalue":{"value":"20D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$B711CD1E-477E-492C-B7AD-80DADF8B153C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6733577c02c6cfba3faed14f3a1300c1637a0c39","datavalue":{"value":"20D10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$61137DC7-84FB-434D-BF88-EFFAC97EA818","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5686a691cb5ce3980c2b4130b1f83237884a7dfc","datavalue":{"value":"20F12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$84A203E4-F591-4E63-8295-C294CB74A8CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5608e4dbe85e8f6c220cc8afcea2a4ada066e3fa","datavalue":{"value":"20F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$645BBD6D-7A19-4832-8760-35B3CF737A0D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d42408b3b2a5719112a50156031a4dfd0836cf9b","datavalue":{"value":"20D05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$4B52B8B1-812E-4640-965A-4C27BFF2FCD1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"fa6df46ce84807deabcb46a10dd503a5c3867796","datavalue":{"value":"20D06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$0F39D815-F2B8-4E80-9A5F-8B09017418F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"760e7e883b324f8e9ca39536dab668d9184172e8","datavalue":{"value":"20D08","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$1237E755-CE1B-41AE-95C5-8A3B9D421C35","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"747f926814bec7d06f4808d64ba00d7542217963","datavalue":{"value":"20G40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$5675DBB1-5729-4EBD-A3CE-A968B8E8CB50","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"82b75408ecc58fa36b05f2d68a89efb80adb2da5","datavalue":{"value":"5252434","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$22114190-567E-4FAE-BCC1-2313C684353F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"de99e7f702b6736310c9f87d01eb639db75a4c72","datavalue":{"value":"finite groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$F44300BB-8178-45D0-A91D-2298FD5A520E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"98a42ed3ac8ae9256772f0ef161a905c94055c2d","datavalue":{"value":"solvable radical","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$9A286940-E96C-45FC-87F4-5FAA64998433","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"781472ecbde784b8712de19276ac886b0f3059e5","datavalue":{"value":"finite simple groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$81AC3216-7E5D-4C8E-9F3B-2B4F9F025948","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3cef2e19508c99996f3085fe25bc0edcd6beb4de","datavalue":{"value":"commutators","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$2A2B3D4C-94E2-427F-BEFE-45E6ACFBB05B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e3979b95def44a15b7d548a30ee4db226936211e","datavalue":{"value":"solvable subgroups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$583B4653-F633-4A9C-9F90-43594868B917","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"15d30bbc9d6a45d5e8f4997220065d1fffd0cea5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":188197,"id":"Q188197"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$1A000314-A79F-4214-8B5B-75418B344784","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$5CFD8722-1341-410C-8031-83790B9680BC","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7e0c1856b8114473e5ce6454bda2c3f203739661","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3128706,"id":"Q3128706"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$2BDAB059-21DD-4994-8E51-FE89143A9D03","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"91c7e1d36185a19a3f9f98c09ef807c57e4ba728","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":768682,"id":"Q768682"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$0BBF638B-E157-422B-AB8D-40E8513A5394","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d2382179fd70d1cd68dbc11f1f1d5c29a5507b00","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2491167,"id":"Q2491167"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$6CCF2087-2DED-46CA-9DDE-111238A18B1C","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"2844eb46e4b73b0b9a46bd9426974449efe35630","datavalue":{"value":"W2154418117","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2475045$7DA0D076-6213-4638-9417-0CC8A40C493D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"12471d87437173c411119579a6e8119f2b42f502","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":958125,"id":"Q958125"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"176fb78a11b88a1d42b46715576fcd95f50fa744","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9089192","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$BAD7BC5F-A84D-4A10-9A10-15A147FBAD5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3c28a3300153b2089571cba70552896d9e2225fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2852572,"id":"Q2852572"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"61846db4549caf3c0aa034d0374b99f5a7fb171f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8942789","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$A476B431-BBCA-4C21-9DDE-65A411F82900","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e747ac50dc06da48096f1fe06c21dd8e58fa02df","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2580946,"id":"Q2580946"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"068d10ee47f35d415732a445a2f83a6f194b2126","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8934536","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$BEC65CC1-86B0-4B2A-BD23-B8F88734B1BC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9c447c35f48fdce8898711043acc7e236773b6ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":857066,"id":"Q857066"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f34bb98912e758283ca1b7f5dd6aea37e9025ebd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88703084","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$D8F6F954-73BE-42DF-83C9-F2AAE34FD1BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"60f87ff962863720909ce12addffb0cf2806255e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":996951,"id":"Q996951"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b87bb4239255a13264d210bc751fd7f4c46abaed","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8865908","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$C4DAAE24-6282-46B1-AF6A-17BFB3319B45","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5057a77cbd081266b2ec329a28fdd8726a60b0f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4816491,"id":"Q4816491"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4f5b092970dd3253760d3afda2929feaa6763aec","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88286537","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$F132CC6E-8773-422C-BFAF-8F64E658678A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9b8c8eae7392926f6851298d7ad28e42e66f5790","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2203304,"id":"Q2203304"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"efcccca184e89f0065947419cd94396659b45b7b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87997943","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$40D5BD80-A62C-47E4-9F1C-7F0247C7E2AB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bc83792e257c7b6f720fd8c30ffb48e245784e4b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4680590,"id":"Q4680590"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1105144bb2c91e9821996d5dce40e89990f2dedd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8793334","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$7A7FF8F0-85CC-48AE-B883-789D572B4509","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c2ca242fb1be51d7bfd95636be54768df51df949","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3597665,"id":"Q3597665"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0576bb48d99cb0f280fcb7ccc8f2f1568d61a8c0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87698567","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$AA207378-296E-4411-8691-630DE9F7CD25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1b1fcbc3a7b29e29f191f99263c2cdbb09cf4e12","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1009517,"id":"Q1009517"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"da7a85143d10c53fa475951dd611c735d34004b4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87656474","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2475045$6AFBCB0B-0F27-400D-9369-5B2E5FCCD6B3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2475045","badges":[]}}}}}