The operator equation \(K^p = H^{\frac \delta 2}T^{\frac 1 2}(T^{\frac 1 2}H^{\delta +r}T^{\frac 1 2})^{\frac {p-\delta}{\delta +r}}T^{\frac 1 2}H^{\frac \delta 2}\) and its applications (Q2480321)

The authors consider the operator equation \[ K^p = H^{\delta / 2} T^{1/2} (T^{1/2} H^{\delta + r} T^{1/2})^{\frac{p-\delta}{\delta+r}} T^{1/2} H^{\delta /2}, \tag{\(*\)} \] where \(p > 0\), \(r > 0\), \(p \geq \delta > - r\). Here, \(H, K\) are bounded positive operators on a Hilbert space and \(H\) is nonsingular. Generalizing works of Bach and Furuta on the equation \(K = T (H^{1/n} T)^n\), they prove the following Theorems. Theorem: For bounded positive operators \(H, K\) on a Hilbert space, where \(H\) is nonsingular, {\parindent=5mm \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] the following are equivalent for any \(p > 0\), \(r > 0\) and \(p \geq \delta \geq 0\). \begin{itemize} \item[(a)]\(a H^{\delta +r} \geq (H^{r/2} K^p H^{r/2})^{\frac{\delta+ r}{p+r}}\) for some \(a \geq 0\). \item[(b)]There exists a unique positive operator \(T\), \(\|T\|\leq a\) satisfying \((*)\). \end{itemize} \item[(2)]If there exists a positive operator \(T\) satisfying \((*)\) for fixed \(p > 0\), \(r >0\) and \(p \geq \delta \geq 0\), then, for \(p_1 \geq p\) and \(r_1 \geq r\), there exists a positive operator \(T_1\) satisfying \[ K^{p_1} = H_1^{\delta/2} T_1^{1/2} (T_1^{1/2} H^{\delta +r_1} T_1^{1/2})^{\frac{p - \delta}{ \delta + r_1}} T_1^{1/2} H_1^{\delta/2}. \tag{+} \] \end{itemize}} They also prove that, given any positive numbers \(p,r,p_1\) and \(r_1\) with \(r_1 > r\), there exist a nonsingular positive operator \(H\) and a positive operator \(K\) such that case \(\delta = 0\) of equation \((+)\) is solvable and case \(\delta = 0\) of \((\ast)\) is unsolvable. Applications are also given.