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A \\(1\\)-dimensional local field, or simply a local field, is a complete discrete valuation field with finite residue field and a \\(2\\)-dimensional local field is a complete discrete valuation field with residue field a local field. For a local field \\(K\\), let \\(\\Gamma:={\\text{Gal}}(K_{\\text{sep}}/ K)\\) be the absolute Galois group of \\(K\\), where \\(K_{\\text{sep}}\\) denotes a separable closure of \\(K\\). The classical ramification theory provides \\(\\Gamma\\) with a decreasing filtration by the ramification subgroups \\(\\Gamma^{(v)}, v\\geq 0\\), \\(\\Gamma^ {(0)}\\) being the inertia subgroup. The study of local fields is completely reduced to the study of \\(\\Gamma\\) with this filtration.   The author [Int. J. Math. 11, No. 2, 133--175 (2000; Zbl 1073.12501)] studied the \\(1\\)-dimensional local field of characteristic \\(p\\geq 3\\) based on an explicit description of ramification filtration for maximal \\(p\\)-extensions with Galois groups of nilpotent class \\(2\\). The information obtained this way suffices to establish the property that the functor which associates \\(K_ {\\text{sep}}/K\\) with \\((\\Gamma,\\Gamma^{(v)})\\) is fully faithful in this case and can be applied to the characteristic \\(0\\) case via the field of norms functor.   In the paper under review, the author considers the \\(2\\)-dimensional case. He obtains the ramification filtration of \\(\\Gamma\\) by the subgroups \\(\\Gamma^ {(v)}\\) where \\(v\\) runs over the ordered set \\(J=J_ 1\\cup J_ 2\\), ordered with the lexicographical order, and where \\(J_ 1:= \\{(v,c)\\in {\\mathbb Q}\\times \\{c\\}\\mid v\\geq 0\\}\\), \\(J_ 2:=\\{\\mu\\in {\\mathbb Q}^{2}\\mid \\mu\\geq (0,0)\\}\\).  The beginning of the filtration \\(\\{\\Gamma^{(j)}\\}_ {j\\in J_ 1}\\) comes from the classical \\(1\\)-dimensional ramification filtration of the group \\(\\Gamma_ c:={\\text{Gal}}(K_ {c,{\\text{sep}}}/K_ c)\\) and its \\(2\\)-dimensional part \\(\\{\\Gamma^{(\\mu)}\\}_{\\mu\\in J_ 2}\\) gives a filtration of the group \\(\\widetilde{\\Gamma}:= {\\text{Gal}}(K_{\\text{sep}}/K K_ {c,{\\text{sep}}})\\). Also, the beginning of the \\(J_ 2\\)-part comes from the classical ramification filtration of the group \\({\\text{Gal}}(K^{(1)}_ {\\text{sep}}/K^ {(1)})\\).  In this paper it is given an explicit description of the image of the ramification \\(\\{\\Gamma^{(j)}\\}_{j\\in J}\\) in the maximal quotient of \\(\\Gamma\\), which is a pro-\\(p\\)-group of nilpotent class \\(2\\) (Theorem 5.1). The method gives a generalization to the case of local fields of arbitrary dimension \\(n\\geq 2\\).   The result plays a clue role in the proof given by the author of the Grothendieck conjecture for higher dimensional local fields [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 241, 2--34 (2003); translation from Tr. Mat. Inst. Im. V. A. Steklova 241, 8--42 (2003; Zbl 1125.11355)].  The organization of the paper is as follows. In the first section is given the Artin-Schreier-Witt theory for the \\(2\\)-dimensional local field case. In Section 2, the author presents the \\(2\\)-dimensional ramification theory. Sections 3 and 4 deal with some auxiliary facts and filtrations. The last section presents the proof of the main 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