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Salzmann, D. Betten, T. Grundh\u00f6fer, H. H\u00e4hl, R. L\u00f6wen} and \\textit{M. Stroppel} [Compact projective planes, de Gruyter, Expositions in Mathematics 21, Berlin (1996; Zbl 0851.51003)] for a comprehensive overview, including 16-dimensional planes, and an exposition of many of the methods involved. The case of 16-dimensional compact projective planes is harder to deal with and results so far are not as extensive as in the lower dimenional cases. The automorphism group \\(\\Gamma\\) of such a projective plane \\({\\mathcal P}\\) is locally compact with respect to the compact-open topology. Moreover, \\textit{B. Priwitzer} and the second author [J. Lie Theory 8, 83--93 (1998; Zbl 0902.51012)] showed that the connected component of \\(\\Gamma\\) is even a Lie group provided that \\(\\dim\\Gamma \\geq 27\\). Hence the structure theory of Lie groups can be applied in the study of 16-dimensional compact projetctive planes in this case. Most results that have been obtained by various authors in this direction require additional assumptions on the dimension, structure or action of a closed connected group of automorphism or that \\({\\mathcal P}\\) is a translation plane.   In the paper under review the authors deal with the following situation. \\(\\Delta\\) is a closed connected subgroup of \\(\\Gamma\\) of dimension at least 33 and it is assumed that \\(\\Delta\\) fixes exactly two points \\(u\\), \\(v\\) and two lines \\(W=uv\\) and \\(Y=ov\\), where the points \\(o\\), \\(u\\), \\(v\\) form a triangle. They show that the translation group \\(T=\\Delta_{[v,W]}\\) is transitive, that the complement \\(\\Delta_o\\) of \\(T\\) has compact commutator group \\(\\Phi\\cong\\text{Spin}_8{\\mathbb R}\\) and that in fact dim \\(\\Delta\\geq 36\\). If \\(\\Delta\\) even has dimension at least 38, then \\({\\mathcal P}\\) is isomorphic to the classical Moufang plane over the octonion algebra \\(({\\mathbb O},+,.)\\). Moreover, the planes \\({\\mathcal P}\\) satisfying the above general assumptions are precisely those planes that can be coordinatized by the following topological Cartesian fields \\(({\\mathbb O},+,\\circ)\\). Let \\(({\\mathbb R},+,*,1)\\) be a topological Cartesian field with unit element 1 such that \\((-r)*s=-r*s=r*(-s)\\) for all \\(r,s\\in{\\mathbb R}\\). Define the new multiplication \\(\\circ\\) on \\({\\mathbb O}\\) by \\(a\\circ x=| a| *| x| (| a| ~| x| )^{-1}ax\\) for \\(a,x\\neq 0\\) and \\(0\\circ x=a\\circ 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