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The main results are as follows: If \\(\\sum^m_{i=0}\\int^t_0|a_i(t)|\\,dt\\leq 4\\), then:   (I) the only \\(T\\)-periodic solution of (*) on \\([-\\tau,\\infty)\\) is the trivial one;   (II) equation (**) has a unique \\(T\\)-periodic solution.   Furthermore, the authors also discuss the equation   \\[ x'(t)= -a_1(t) x(t)-a_2(t) x(t-\\mu(t))+r(t),\\tag{***} \\]   where \\(r,a_1,a_2\\), and \\(\\mu\\) are positive continuous \\(T\\)-periodic functions, \\(T\\) is a fixed positive number. Under the change of variable \\(N(t)=e^{x(t)}\\), equation (***) is transformed into the logarithmic model for a single population   \\[ N'(t)=N(t) \\left\\{r(t)-a_1(t)\\ln N(t)-a_2(t)\\ln(N(t-\\mu(t)))\\right\\}.\\tag{****} \\]   The authors show that the much weeker condition \\(\\int_0^T(a_1(s)+a_2 (s))ds<4\\) is sufficient for equation (***) or (****) to have a unique \\(T\\)-periodic solution, and that the additional conditions \\(a_2(t)\\leq a_1(t)\\) and \\(\\tau'(t)\\leq 1\\) for \\(t\\geq 0\\) imply the global attractivity of this unique solution. It is improved the result of \\textit{Y. K. Li} [Appl. Math., Ser. A (Chin. 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