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Under some additional condition such an inverse system is called well-balanced.  Let \\((Z, z_0)\\) be an inverse limit of an inverse system of pointed compact polyhedra \\(\\{Z_i, z_{i0} \\}\\). Define  \\[ \\check{\\pi}_1(Z,z_0)=\\varprojlim \\pi_1(Z_i,z_{i0}) \\]  as the first shape homotopy group of \\((Z,z_0)\\). The main theorem of the authors deals with the natural transformation  \\[ \\varphi: \\pi_1(Z,z_0)\\longrightarrow \\check{\\pi}_1(Z,z_0). \\]  There are some examples, showing that \\(\\varphi\\) is in general neither injective nor surjective. The main result asserts:  Suppose \\((Z,z_0)\\) is a tree of manifolds, well-balanced if \\(Z\\) is 2-dimensional. Then \\(\\varphi\\) is injective.   This theorem is applied to special manifolds, in particular to trees of homology spheres as boundaries of negatively curved geodesic 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