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It is known (see [\\textit{F. V. Atkinson}, Discrete and continuous boundary problems. Mathematics in Science and Engineering. 8. New York-London: Academic Press (1964; Zbl 0117.05806)]) that the eigenvalue problem   \\[ u' = (1 - \\chi_K (x)) v,\\quad v' = -\\lambda \\chi_K(x) u, \\text{ a.e. } x \\in [c, d], \\]    \\[ u(c, \\lambda) = \\sin \\alpha,\\quad v(c, \\lambda) = \\cos \\alpha, \\]   can be transformed, via Pr\u00fcfer angle \\(\\theta (x) = \\theta (x, \\lambda) = \\arg (v(x, \\lambda)+i u(x, \\lambda))\\), into the first-order differential equation   \\[ \\theta' = (1 - \\chi_K (x)) \\cos^2 \\theta + \\lambda \\chi_K(x) \\sin^2 \\theta,\\quad \\theta (c) = \\alpha. \\]   Let \\(\\delta_k = \\sum_{m=k}^\\infty \\nu (I_m)\\). Firstly, an estimate \\(\\theta (d, \\lambda) - \\theta (c, \\lambda) \\leq 2 \\lambda^{1/2} \\delta_k^{1/2} \\nu(K)^{1/2} + k \\pi\\) is got for all positive integer \\(k\\) and \\(\\lambda > 0\\). Additionally, using a result from Atkinson, say \\(\\theta (d, \\lambda_n) = \\beta + n \\pi\\) (where \\(\\beta\\) satisfies \\(\\cos \\beta u(d) = sin \\beta v(d)\\)) and a clever control of the right-hand side of the inequality, a lower bound for the growth rate of \\(\\lambda_n\\) is obtained and is realized by a Cantor-like symmetric perfect set \\(K\\) in \\([c, d]\\). This lower bound can be improved if the position of \\(I_m\\)s is known. As an application, some information on eigenvalues of a vibrating string with singular mass distribution is obtained, 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