{"entities":{"Q2563487":{"pageid":2574230,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2563487","lastrevid":44363145,"modified":"2025-11-22T08:24:32Z","type":"item","id":"Q2563487","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On the existence of (l,m,n)-spreads"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 958087"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$2B975765-AD3E-4864-B778-53EAF53A5A48","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"97e0ac0613dc8cb209acb1b0e8af0c0fffcbd334","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On the existence of (l,m,n)-spreads","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$41C15C6D-7066-4747-BF08-BACBD9279545","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"4b49f0bb0e80295a131c5e765cc04ec23c6782be","datavalue":{"value":"0866.51003","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$9FE9D299-6987-48E6-9872-C4A14709F432","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"d319605e823ec9e163f0790978fbed8666dcab9e","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01229248","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$AC34C1DD-D05B-405E-A09B-055911BEAA2E","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fcc23a530aa8eb9848284a11c58ac512eca3d0d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2563486,"id":"Q2563486"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$114A0129-49BF-4199-9AB3-41A17CC980C5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fa009cf7b070667ef4181f8cf539e8fca0a66cb6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1687497,"id":"Q1687497"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$190952AF-F123-44B9-B802-46593D1F05FD","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7946688d25c7526bf38e6f25dde02f73646d21e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":206518,"id":"Q206518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$287109C6-DB45-4E69-BD68-E9FD80D2E233","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"aeb061f84ffb57c2406b1921a4f259dec17e2583","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1996-12-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$8866CC51-98AF-4754-B223-9F12275BE361","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a4359261c7641456e78c99f6e14a60a0a8a47234","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\Sigma= PG(n,K)\\) denote projective \\(n\\)-space over the field \\(K\\). If \\(m\\) and \\(l\\) are integers with \\(n>m> l\\geq 0\\), an \\((l,m,n)\\)-spread over \\(K\\) is defined to be a family of projective subspaces of \\(\\Sigma\\) of dimension \\(m\\) that partition the family of all projective subspaces of dimension \\(l\\). Other authors have called such a family an \\((l+1,m)\\)-system or an \\((l,m)\\)-Faserung. It is easy to see that a necessary condition for the existence of such a family is the inequality \\(l\\geq 2m- n+1\\), from which it follows that necessarily \\(m<n-1\\). For infinite fields \\(K\\), \\((l,m,n)\\)-spreads over \\(K\\) are known to exist [see \\textit{A. Beutelspacher}, Geom. Dedicata 7, 499-506 (1978; Zbl 0403.51002)]. However, for finite fields \\(K\\) and \\(l>0\\), no \\((l,m,n)\\)-spreads over \\(K\\) have yet been constructed, and several nonexistence results have been demonstrated.   In the paper under review more nonexistence results are obtained. Using some elementary number theory based on Zsigmondy's Theorem, it is shown that if \\(l>0\\) and if at least one of the integers in \\(\\{m-l+1, m-l+2\\}\\) divides neither \\(n-l+1\\) nor \\(n-l+2\\), then no \\((l,m,n)\\)-spreads exist over a finite field. Using some counting arguments, it is also shown that if \\(n\\leq 2m\\), then no \\((l,m,n)\\)-spreads exist over a finite field. The latter result supersedes many of the previously determined nonexistence results.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$A32AEAC5-5886-40EB-9DA3-B839A8ED35C2","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b7f523c69b687931b119f4a4ea71411e07e74e7b","datavalue":{"value":"51E23","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$C4AA08EC-EB92-48A6-B61D-0F256883B23F","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"fbf68799b0264450c0fc8c6427de273a6e7ff8bf","datavalue":{"value":"958087","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$4058ABFD-9E91-436E-9094-ECCDEEFD3DEB","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8d59c6fc130ebe64aa6321155ff70175b3295a7d","datavalue":{"value":"\\((l,m,n)\\)-spread","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$436C09DA-882B-4CC2-B9D1-D98FCAD12EB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f3a7f596b51a902f868691a7b088f17985f40561","datavalue":{"value":"nonexistence results","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$57036ECD-0AFB-4C57-9D7C-406502B257C6","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"1f7e1a277c07b3a6d4f148b99c27222344cbe448","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":222524,"id":"Q222524"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$330FC6C5-AA5F-4B93-A7A0-39F2151FB914","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$D0409652-D0F5-4BA7-89E7-D35FC4F2F85A","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"34fdeb2e8a168ce420c5b15853077270b7ed159d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1256205,"id":"Q1256205"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$EBFDADFF-EF9B-4249-828C-8A61337FB01F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2e9306d71b1c670a6bfa2de555737afe9b65d73e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5543987,"id":"Q5543987"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$31296B17-9B57-4144-9BAE-94E251DB8927","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eccdf76aa1c04d46d33926079a4463022e0960e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1079182,"id":"Q1079182"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$7A1A5959-F057-4D03-BCD8-D0D3E83F5CD6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fe56736a6819d0e307d489576c4374434801a8a4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3891315,"id":"Q3891315"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$B67F2F33-3EC2-4A9B-AB76-243A517B8EC2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8f42bb4566f2a96537e14bc04a902c2b11cb8d2d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3272923,"id":"Q3272923"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$484F733F-DFB0-4745-A481-336B0282071C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"af67e23bfc0d2e0a64b36f6d3d471acf131a40e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4107152,"id":"Q4107152"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2563487$E9A22A6E-B563-41D8-B57C-0281229C6EB1","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3ac3d462909e90120107b58c70e679b241f78f90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4595216,"id":"Q4595216"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2a41865543eca3fde02cbc23f97756e3a59d6eb1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.60102004","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$70446277-1653-4C95-AB5E-4ED648413E25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"af7aed51b064d8cc0bdbcdf3b3fb1372bb9e8480","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3081544,"id":"Q3081544"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4c13601ef57912b75a38c537aceffc012b65d921","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.5976546","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$DFA56F44-5CD0-4AA5-8B04-004E4CCADC73","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8e0b5a7e9cd07621968e132a5bd9f11f9a18e22b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3704515,"id":"Q3704515"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"39297fda8a1235307aebe19483f7fb8215c027cd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.5960774","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$7D7B2FD2-79C1-45A1-9ACB-427CCE37DE09","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"832044b30dc64b220d925a3ba87f6a10b9326074","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2401987,"id":"Q2401987"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8eb805e7d6657f70c2caee6b5e6a4241d858f69d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.59390336","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$A8A09F37-E029-4D38-B9E6-C92958DB9510","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d9d5d1dea4a179882f90b7562b4e7479440de3b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":626779,"id":"Q626779"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d060a08dcc263877865da13f4de76067ffcc4464","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.5937698","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$A3D3307E-CE9B-482A-912D-95B5B2F1273B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d45aae19739a9194378e9a918e29b6cb8c3aa017","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2828900,"id":"Q2828900"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"16f25cdcf6a9bc9e1062af15b93d09adca9104c2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.59187806","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$447E3A2F-AAF0-4823-8820-9F412C95E1E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d46ee2d43f24f60870ebfc089b28972e3f7839fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3076681,"id":"Q3076681"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dcf16c698e399fa225799b1985c037aeb3395993","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.59155065","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$9D165C51-3077-4267-8B78-5F1D6AD85433","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ab38c460ef37704acd417ea0b8aa22bf99ba2b22","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1035808,"id":"Q1035808"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dc949cd597a7182ff4cae91f7c622afe18e6e3b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.588619","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$634CCC78-DC2B-47AE-8955-842B01B8EC4D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"88e270ae59bb00a360fb001b57c3a89ef30e3002","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1183967,"id":"Q1183967"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2f4f8447d1f01c0663fd73857c8893b6dec63e52","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.58711946","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$FAE3C61A-B3F9-498E-A6B0-1163DCCAE0B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"49ae32d29b4b8e9a5f8b9136aae922fc72adb044","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3702883,"id":"Q3702883"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dfd379aa9a3908e81bb11d8bcb1e53879f2f97e2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.5825929","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2563487$87A40787-A093-48AC-BC12-32784C541E24","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2563487","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2563487"}}}}}