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The Picard-Fuchs equation, solutions, and the monodromy group are found. \\textit{J. Stienstra} and \\textit{F. Beukers} [Math. Ann. 271, 269-304 (1985; Zbl 0539.14006)] gave the Picard-Fuchs equations for several families of elliptic curves. Similar methods are also used by \\textit{C. Peters} in Ann. Sci. \u00c9c. Norm. Sup\u00e9r., IV. Ser. 19, 583-607 (1986; Zbl 0612.14006) and by \\textit{C. Peters} and \\textit{J. Stienstra} in: Arithmetic of complex manifolds, Proc. Conf., Erlangen 1988, Lect. Notes Math. 1399, 110-127 (1989; Zbl 0701.14037) to obtain the Picard-Fuchs equation for the case of certain pencils of K3 surfaces. In these papers finding the Picard-Fuchs equation comes down to finding a recurrence relation for some sequence of combinatorially defined terms. In these examples, the symmetry of the defining equations of the varieties leads to the determination of the Picard-Fuchs equations from the combinatorial data. This gives motivation to try and find further examples, by considering other pencils of varieties with a good degree of symmetry. The pencil of K3 surfaces investigated by \\textit{C. Peters} and \\textit{J. Stienstra} (loc. cit.) is acted on by the Weyl group of the root lattice \\(A_1\\times A_2\\times A_1\\), and the pencil can be viewed as being constructed from this lattice. This construction is described in section 2, for a general root lattice. In this paper, the \\(A_3\\) case is investigated. The corresponding pencil of K3 surfaces is denoted by \\({\\mathcal X}_{A_3}\\). To find the Picard-Fuchs equation for \\({\\mathcal X}_{A_3}\\), one has to find a recurrence relation for \\(a_n= \\sum_{p+q+ r+s=n} {n\\choose qprs}^2\\), where \\({n\\choose pqrs}= {n!\\over p!q!r!s!}\\). The following result is obtained:   Proposition. For \\(n\\geq 2\\) there is a recurrence relation:  \\[ n^3a_n = 2(2n-1) (5n^2-5n+2) a_{n-1}- 64(n-1)^3 a_{n-2}. \\]  This recurrence relation is one of the keys to proving the following   Theorem 1. The Picard-Fuchs equation for the family \\({\\mathcal X}_{A_3} \\) is given by  \\[ {\\mathcal F}:= \\lambda (\\lambda+4) (\\lambda-12)y'''+ 6(\\lambda^2- 7\\lambda-12)y''+ {(7\\lambda^2 -12 \\lambda-96) \\over(\\lambda+4)} y'+{\\lambda \\over \\lambda+4} y=0. \\]  Theorem 2. The monodromy group for \\({\\mathcal X}_{A_3}\\) is isomorphic to \\(\\overline {\\Gamma_0 (6)^+3}\\). The group \\(\\Gamma_0(6)^+3\\) is one of the groups associated to the Monster group, explicitly,  \\[ \\Gamma_0(6)^+ 3=\\Bigl\\{\\left( \\begin{smallmatrix} a & b\\\\ 6c & d \\end{smallmatrix} \\right),\\quad \\sqrt 3\\left( \\begin{smallmatrix} a & b/3\\\\ 2c & d \\end{smallmatrix} \\right)\\in SL_2 (\\mathbb{R})|\\quad a,b,c,d\\in \\mathbb{Z}\\Bigr\\}. \\]  The group \\(\\overline {\\Gamma_0 (6)^+3}\\) is the image of \\(\\Gamma_0 (6)^+3\\) after quotienting out by scalars. Finally the solutions of the above Picard-Fuchs equation are given:   Theorem 3. If \\(\\lambda= \\lambda(\\tau)= -\\left({\\eta (\\tau)\\eta (3\\tau) \\over\\eta (2\\tau) \\eta(6\\tau)} \\right)^6-4\\), where \\(\\eta\\) is the Dedekind eta function, then the Picard-Fuchs equation for \\({\\mathcal X}_{A_3} \\) has solution space \\(G(\\tau) (\\mathbb{C} \\oplus\\tau \\mathbb{C}\\oplus \\tau^2\\mathbb{C})\\) where \\(G(\\tau)= {(\\eta (2\\tau) \\eta(6\\tau))^4 \\over(\\eta (\\tau)\\eta (3\\tau))^2}\\).   Although this paper only deals with the \\(A_3\\) case, it is shown in section 2 that the \\(A_n\\) case gives an \\(n-1\\) dimensional pencil of Calabi-Yau manifolds. In the \\(A_4\\) case, we obtain a pencil of Calabi-Yau 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