{"entities":{"Q2566490":{"pageid":2577233,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2566490","lastrevid":72796389,"modified":"2026-04-14T07:53:45Z","type":"item","id":"Q2566490","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Generalizations and refinements of Hermite-Hadamard's inequality"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2207738"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$B6230437-9A21-45C7-BFB0-F3EB571F5ED7","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"31daaa8eab37f76f9766af74de2cf7be7be8a71a","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Generalizations and refinements of Hermite-Hadamard's inequality","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$F238144E-C993-42C9-AF4F-147C689C76A8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"07d77fd4d36a28ec4b6bd8d0e388439488c11b10","datavalue":{"value":"1096.26014","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$1783512E-77DA-4EBE-AB41-D211A15B2C12","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fa79ce3a80350e806fac1da20774b680b523bc78","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165992,"id":"Q165992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$24DD710E-D777-4DD8-B902-A723F5F588EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"24305debeeecfa91b42c2692d27fbcc6744f564b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":264698,"id":"Q264698"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$8EFC8C7E-CF40-4002-A271-C93DC3308AA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"92fcd7d7c34abd06bf3cead532ddfdbd0dabba92","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2566489,"id":"Q2566489"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$116BE3E1-C7D8-49D1-BC81-F0BD3A9A5D37","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"3c56016573ce7bfe3075a77ec18be101169a3439","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":168778,"id":"Q168778"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$459BB6E3-9561-4FC8-96E1-1C3E54966178","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"3c82177ea1a441a2602ee1de7046679058e82c52","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2005-09-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$B6581E83-5568-42F5-90AC-4F0E52195A5B","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"07b8b03685b448b8bec2c8c0595bca3801554c93","datavalue":{"value":"The Hermite-Hadamard inequality can be easily extended to the case of twice differentiable functions \\(f\\) with bounded second derivative. Precisely, if \\(\\gamma\\leq f^{\\prime\\prime} \\leq\\Gamma,\\) then  \\[  \\frac{3S_{2}-2\\Gamma}{24}(b-a)^{2}\\leq\\frac{1}{b-a}\\int_{a}^{b}f\\,dt-f\\left( \\frac{a+b}{2}\\right) \\leq\\frac{3S_{2}-2\\gamma}{24}(b-a)^{2}  \\]  and  \\[  \\frac{3S_{2}-\\gamma}{12}(b-a)^{2}\\leq\\frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2}-\\frac{1}{b-a}\\int _{a}^{b}f\\,dt\\leq\\frac{\\Gamma}{12}(b-a)^{2}  \\]  The paper under review contains extensions of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality to the context of functions with bounded derivatives of \\(n\\)th order. For example, if \\(f:[a,b]\\rightarrow\\mathbb{R}\\) is an \\(n\\)-times differentiable function with \\(\\gamma\\leq f^{(n)}\\leq\\Gamma,\\) then it is proved that  \\[  \\frac{(b-a)^{n+1}}{n!2^{n}}\\left[ S_{n}+\\left( \\frac{1+(-1)^{n}} {2(n+1)}-1\\right) \\Gamma\\right]\\leq (-1)^{n}\\int_{a}^{b}f\\,dt  \\]   \\[  +\\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}\\frac{(b-a)^{n-i}}{(n-i)!}\\frac{(-1)^{n+1}+(-1)^{i} }{2^{n-i}}f^{(n-i-1)}\\biggl(\\frac{a+b}{2}\\biggr)\\leq \\frac{(b-a)^{n+1}}{n!2^{n}}\\left[ S_{n}+\\left( \\frac{1+(-1)^{n} }{2(n+1)}-1\\right) \\gamma\\right]  \\]  where \\(S_{n}=\\frac{f^{(n-1)}(b)-f^{(n-1)}(a)}{b-a}.\\) Further extensions are obtained via the concept of harmonic sequence of polynomials.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$7CEED3E4-F6CD-40FD-833B-1902E7DCD024","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"a44d5e731b0cda80053db6ad84346bf1a3e85d88","datavalue":{"value":"26D15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$DC5A6801-4E90-468D-89D2-9C3C108A060D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"040512c23394cea566ee722058204b08f6ef7928","datavalue":{"value":"41A55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$5DDFDA39-7373-445F-8764-8F575F290EDF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c1032d06c6ff638d5b3eb3cf0be225b4843cfbcd","datavalue":{"value":"2207738","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$B0FD6740-8018-4ADF-A3B5-6E2B66261BD6","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7e8e5902b181a6156268ff11d717f989a917b4c5","datavalue":{"value":"Hermite-Hadamard inequality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$BCAD5C92-CEC9-47F3-ABDD-6B3D819881FF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e58cfe93b8bdd7e66c8063ab44a445706d5bc111","datavalue":{"value":"\\(n\\)-convex function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$01CCD41D-BD12-4768-B2E2-66404DD08E36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a6eb41265892a36284464cdc2fb3824df3776dcf","datavalue":{"value":"Appel condition","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$F32A0E4A-41A0-4FA3-93AC-A814C04843C4","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$50242D4F-BEA9-488B-BE82-173B8B197B1A","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"397db4069b4b8ae1a81436f8e04b058889642511","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1216/rmjm/1181069779","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$925DFA19-EAFB-4D31-AFBE-0CC3F1DF5515","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"150c8bada59035fb0ca8d26b360ccd7f247f5ada","datavalue":{"value":"W1976941808","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$60A13D59-5660-46A1-970F-1D90D6C7CDE6","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3c720fe3b026bf7beec180671564a740f15c20c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4792995,"id":"Q4792995"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$7FF8C06D-593E-4D5E-BE9D-A28433E861A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"68091538fcaabf883e28e5488912933d7f84071b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2770403,"id":"Q2770403"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$B76E039E-0528-4C63-BFFD-D5454DBC76EC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e3362acf1063e0146439127fd9e3262c7268a60b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3150493,"id":"Q3150493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$5B4C0670-2385-4B6A-96D3-EC62F38BEA30","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7f3e3b49aa427b257b236542dde7c275d5426920","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1415220,"id":"Q1415220"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$3EC0A331-E33C-4AA4-8332-4DAB57340F78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9bb41fca9907ec59506d0cc0d2f3972fcafd4eac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4441177,"id":"Q4441177"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$B8A04A92-A06B-4842-B399-A1E9A5A27E1A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bb5ab71ee71df73f6537dafeac638c2364da352c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4815706,"id":"Q4815706"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$A4B3A908-2876-41F4-A64F-DC784E9AD6CF","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9f5d5a69fd90d008af130a7cb0c70e4156436a9c","datavalue":{"value":"10.1216/RMJM/1181069779","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2566490$14091078-F4BE-4D16-90A7-53791551328F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4172b83f1963364b05dbf117013c197e6f464695","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5705711,"id":"Q5705711"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"46f0d4cee7ce8af7ac1b06d06e692743b42fd32a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9951147","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$63C60C4E-ACB8-44D3-A58B-A2163ED7ABC4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3eb0237acc8c52cef0444a33811d03cd2dee6671","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6071758,"id":"Q6071758"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"65bc5188658761ef1bb6428bc0ac33e733ec9d17","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9852657","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$A54D03E4-4993-4AE6-B08F-D33F12001937","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"eac04886961125f9353df8421f99fa2bd8854c94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5403673,"id":"Q5403673"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6a3529705197ff930b711c1f54922160dfc662d5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.971995","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$11EA171F-8AC7-4FC7-A041-694455B2411D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"91e80d90e978093bed87c96f5992837aeab275f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5003008,"id":"Q5003008"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ffb80885e3008e627aa930ccbfdf3b4361fdd859","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9711033","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$704B8185-8E92-4240-83C1-F6E8CF7E70A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"82a3784e38ab207b444fe84764a67490d5a7a977","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5009351,"id":"Q5009351"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"62d1ff6893e6a5e4e05a35d5f51fbfb57e9d31e6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9707773","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$F0ECAC80-2BCD-4971-9C8E-810F23ACCF2B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9ed619df2de90efdb4eece739b2bd4766c1c1e7e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":308194,"id":"Q308194"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1bd4f060bc613793481465b651aae6e72165657f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9704647","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$6DD8CD8F-BD58-4E5F-98A1-95B5439441EE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4924d4b7ffea162fb0a6e5aec67ccba9126fdf59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2869639,"id":"Q2869639"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9fd3ae6855978465228ec6928138bc4202e69f1b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.96584153","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$5E631EB9-8563-47E5-AB05-02938B5A053F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"99eabf88b02b1e1d0c26c246460570dda52f7a51","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":379101,"id":"Q379101"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"12a6217d3c330bc9e990e12fff4f2edd197526a5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.96192783","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$6DB04BB1-E0B6-4618-9C95-CA012F95398D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2a7fdb24b92ed50df6a0c16d419a3a8c9e2031e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2072835,"id":"Q2072835"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7a74f7a9ae60e21add1f0136be290f6090ca0974","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.95902705","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$0307B501-CE8C-4F03-BA17-A6F6427C73F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"22df120c91540b549e1eb5bd9d37f475d069611e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2923028,"id":"Q2923028"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4e08a7ec3a4069707382edc79e7b8bd73c29f01a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.95613575","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2566490$C84B3A00-EC65-4149-97C9-0191F209EDAE","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Generalizations and refinements of Hermite-Hadamard's inequality","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Generalizations_and_refinements_of_Hermite-Hadamard%27s_inequality"}}}}}