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V. Behrens} (Landw. Jb. 68 (1929), 807-837) hat \\textit{R. A. Fisher} (Ann. Eugenics, London, 7 (1937), 370-375; F.~d.~M. 63\\(_{\\text{II}}\\), 1090) eine strenge Pr\u00fcfung der Differenz der arithmetischen Mittel zweier Beobachtungsreihen ausgearbeitet, wobei er die Verteilung des Quotienten der beiden Streuungen heranzieht. F\u00fcr diese Probe hat \\textit{P. V. Sukhatme} (Sankhya 4 (1938) 39-48) Tafeln berechnet. Bei Benutzung dieser Tabellen haben sich in einzelnen F\u00e4llen Resultate eingestellt, die zu den Ergebnissen einer anderen Methode in Widerspruch stehen. Verf. gelingt es, den Fall aufzukl\u00e4ren. Weiter zeigt er, da\u00df die erw\u00e4hnten Tafeln auch zur Beurteilung der Differenz gewogener Mittelwerte herangezogen werden k\u00f6nnen.  Die erheblichen Schwierigkeiten, mit denen Verf. zu k\u00e4mpfen hat, r\u00fchren einzig daher, da\u00df die Pr\u00fcffunktion unzweckm\u00e4\u00dfig gew\u00e4hlt worden ist. Die von Verf. benutzte Quadratwurzel aus der Summe der mittleren Fehlerquadrate der beiden Mittelwerte ist \\textit{nicht} das nat\u00fcrliche Ma\u00df zur Beurteilung der Differenz \\(d\\) der Durchschnitte. Das ergibt sich aus der strengen Herleitung der ersten vier Momente von \\(d\\), die inzwischen \\textit{ohne} die Voraussetzung normaler Ausgangsverteilungen gelungen ist (\\textit{H. v. 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