{"entities":{"Q2611089":{"pageid":2621832,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2611089","lastrevid":44475096,"modified":"2025-11-23T05:24:01Z","type":"item","id":"Q2611089","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Quantum theory of the equation of state at low temperatures."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2531016"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$581CC01A-8E7F-45A5-A63E-B2448D469154","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"7b998506346e2cb9f9d4fcc2e7dca406906ef493","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Quantum theory of the equation of state at low temperatures.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$81B97680-FB8A-4EE0-9499-2230D3760A6C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a941060363853d96084c7896ab7b9ade91a62560","datavalue":{"value":"62.1645.01","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$CCCED1E0-7486-4BE9-BDD5-23ED8CCD2422","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"4cc1060d192afe6dcf940a411c2e9f09e5a6cf85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":576982,"id":"Q576982"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$F5F19EF0-2EB3-4E25-B827-88CCD29C88D1","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6ef27c92fdf138775bf625a8b7bf2156b9e3e2fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":559184,"id":"Q559184"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$F088A1F1-7F8C-4F8B-8613-B733422A7652","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"b4fd24e618322be35613a64fc5f86a90753a27b1","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1936-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$25FCD8EC-B68B-43BB-9827-9E0BF412072C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8ccb2fbd042a963a32165153843ee562d83b49b9","datavalue":{"value":"Analog der Ersetzung des klassischen Zustandsintegrals durch eine quantentheoretische Zustandssumme geht der klassische Ausdruck f\u00fcr den zweiten Virialkoeffizienten \\(B_{kl}=2\\pi N\\int\\limits_0^\\infty r^2(1-e^{-\\beta V})\\,dr\\) in eine Summe \u00fcber, z.~B. f\u00fcr \\textit{Boltzmann}-Statistik in \\(B_B=\\sum\\limits_l (l+\\frac12)B_l\\), \u00e4hnlich f\u00fcr \\textit{Einstein-Bose}- und \\textit{Fermi-Dirac}-Statistik. Dabei ist  \\[  B_l=16(\\pi)^{\\frac12}\\lambda^3N\\int\\limits_0^\\infty dke^{-\\lambda^2k^2} \\int\\limits_0^\\infty dr \\left[\\frac{\\pi kr}2J_{l+\\frac12}(kr)-v_l^2(k,r)\\right];  \\]  \\(v\\) gen\u00fcgt der radialen Wellengleichung  \\[  \\frac{d^2v}{dr^2}+\\left[k^2-\\frac m{\\hbar^2}V-\\frac{l(l+1)}{r^2}\\right]v=0  \\]  der Relativkoordinaten zweier Molek\u00fcle, \\(\\lambda=\\left(\\dfrac{\\beta\\hbar^2}m \\right)^{\\frac12}\\), \\(m={}\\)Molek\u00fclmasse. Es ist \\(v\\sim\\sin\\left(kr-\\dfrac{l\\pi}2+ \\eta_l(k)\\right)\\), wobei \\(\\eta_l\\) die durch das Kraftfeld verursachten Phasenverschiebung der Welle ist. Die bekannten Ausdr\u00fccke f\u00fcr \\(B_l\\) konvergieren schlecht und sind gegen kleine Schwankungen des Parameters \\(V\\) au\u00dferordentlich empfindlich. Daher wird eine von diesen Einwendungen freie Darstellung des Integrals gegeben.  Bezeichnet \\(F\\) das zweite Integral in \\(B_l\\), so ist  \\[  F=\\lim_{\\substack{ R\\to\\infty\\\\\\delta\\to 0}} \\int\\limits_\\delta^R drf(r)= \\lim_{\\substack{ R\\to\\infty\\\\\\delta\\to 0}} \\int\\limits_\\delta^R dr\\cdot\\frac1{2\\pi i}\\oint\\frac{f(z)}{z-r}\\,dz= \\lim_{\\substack{ R\\to\\infty\\\\\\delta\\to 0}} \\frac1{2\\pi i}\\oint dz\\,f(z)\\log\\left(1+\\frac{R-\\delta}{z-R}\\right)  \\]  mit \\(f(r)=\\dfrac{\\pi kr}2J^2_{l+\\frac12}(kr)-v_l^2\\). Der Integrationsweg umschlie\u00dft \\(\\delta\\), \\(R\\) und kann beliebig gro\u00df gemacht werden, da der Integrand au\u00dfer bei \\(z=r\\) keine Singularit\u00e4t enth\u00e4lt. Nun ist weiter  \\[  \\begin{gathered} F=\\lim_{\\substack{ R\\to\\infty\\\\\\delta\\to 0}} \\frac1{2\\pi i}\\oint dz\\,f(z) \\left[\\frac{R-\\delta}{z-R}-\\frac12\\left(\\frac{R-\\delta}{z-R}\\right)^2+ \\frac13\\left(\\frac{R-\\delta}{z-R}\\right)^3-+\\cdots\\right]\\\\ =\\lim_{R\\to\\infty} \\left[Rf(R)-\\frac{R^2}{2!}f'(R)+\\frac{R^3}{3!}f''(R)-+\\cdots\\right] \\end{gathered}  \\]  und mit Ber\u00fccksichtigung der asymptotischen Werte von \\(f(R)\\) und seinen Ableitungen  \\[  F=\\lim_{R\\to\\infty}\\frac{(-1)^l}k [-\\sin2\\eta+(\\cos2\\eta-1)\\sin2kR+\\sin2\\eta\\cos2kR].  \\]  Damit wird \\(B_l=-4\\pi^{\\frac12}\\lambda^3N(-1)^l\\int\\limits_0^\\infty dk e^{-\\lambda^2k^2}\\cdot\\dfrac{\\sin2\\eta_l(k)}k\\), so da\u00df die Virialkoeffizienten ausgerechnet werden k\u00f6nnen, sobald die Phasen \\(\\eta\\) bekannt sind (z.~B. experimentell). Auch ohne Kenntnis derselben k\u00f6nnen einige n\u00e4here Aussagen gemacht werden, indem man die \\(B\\) bei tiefen Temperaturen nach \\(\\dfrac1{\\lambda^2}\\) entwickelt, daraus das Potential bestimmt und mit dem aus der \\textit{van der Waals}schen Gleichung folgenden vergleicht.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$4776F460-6F7C-476E-8396-DE6B1FB92284","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"ca4eb9f23437f0ae0d40a7e9894b907b797c108e","datavalue":{"value":"2531016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$DE938C9F-7F5E-460E-846D-A0956436EC36","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$1DCBD3B9-C324-4760-B3A8-611C708ABAC5","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"54336cc6f5462596a4dc12e8c99e490dd1552751","datavalue":{"value":"10.1103/PHYSREV.50.963","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2611089$0128EF6C-D03A-430F-A874-F8359509AA56","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2611089","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2611089"}}}}}