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Stable planes were first investigated by \\textit{R. L\u00f6wen} [Geom. Dedicata 5, 239-294 (1976; Zbl 0344.50003)] and a fundamental result of his states that for finite-dimensional connected stable planes M and L are of the same dimension 2, 4, 8, or 16. Classical examples of finite- dimensional stable planes are the finite-dimensional projective planes and their open subsets with the induced geometry.    As with projective plane central and axial collineations play a prominent role in the study of stable planes. In this paper a complete classification of all connected 4-dimensional stable planes with the property that every point is the centre of a nontrivial central collineation is given. The corresponding problem for 2-dimensional stable planes has been solved by R. L\u00f6wen and others [cf. \\textit{R. L\u00f6wen}, Mitt. Math. Semin. Gie\u00dfen 165, 63-67 (1984; Zbl 0538.51017)]. In a first step it is proved that the automorphism group \\(\\Gamma\\) of (M,\\({\\mathcal L})\\) is a Lie group and has an open orbit on M. Next it is shown that a connected component of such an open orbit can be endowed with the structure of a symmetric plane (that is M is a differential manifold and every point is the isolated fixed point of a diffeomorphism on M; the manifold structure arises from the transitive action of \\(\\Gamma\\) and non- trivial central collineations provide the required diffeomorphisms).    Using the previous classification of 4-dimensional generalized symmetric planes with connected point set by the author [Forum Math. 3, No.1, 35-59 (1991; Zbl 0723.51004)] it then is shown that a 4-dimensional connected stable plane is isomorphic to certain open subsets of the classical 4- dimensional projective plane \\(P_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\) (i.e. \\(P_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\), the affine plane \\(A_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\), the complement of a point or of two lines, the interior and exterior complex hyperbolic plane \\(IH_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\) and \\(EH_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\), the complex oval plane \\(P_ 2{\\mathbb{C}}\\setminus O\\), the complex cylinder plane Zyl \\({\\mathbb{C}}\\), and an exceptional 3-symmetric plane \\(E_{{\\mathcal B}})\\) or to a plane obtained from a projective translation plane by removing a compact subset K of the translation axis with the induced geometry and topology. This is further refined by assuming that each point is the centre of a non-trivial central collineation of finite order (that is the compact subset K above can be specified).    The results obtained specialize into a characterization of 4-dimensional translation planes and the desarguesian complex projective plane respectively: A 4-dimensional projective plane is a translation plane (is classical) if and only if every point is the centre of a nontrivial central collineation (of finite 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