{"entities":{"Q2655448":{"pageid":2666191,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2655448","lastrevid":56849715,"modified":"2026-03-23T19:29:04Z","type":"item","id":"Q2655448","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Burgess inequality in \\(\\mathbb F_{p^2}\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5662381"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$2D237677-EA65-40BE-85E3-9EB4880C657D","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"fe31191f38fb42f2399407e0c585ed012942d3c4","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Burgess inequality in \\(\\mathbb F_{p^2}\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$880713EA-89FF-4E45-BDCB-E470A986A87A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"8e3fecea7e7c54935c8b4a8627777baba847fcca","datavalue":{"value":"1207.11083","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$878A1514-6FE3-43F1-A995-0BD0D0016B48","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f2bd26de99e08eb08fb3316f00ffecd4d3fcbb63","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":211109,"id":"Q211109"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$F20C0C47-AEF2-49A9-A179-82E35D24DAD6","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"9f7ed99dde37a1ed2b712f0eb37bcc96b8743b93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":172246,"id":"Q172246"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$366D2F06-2D91-4CFF-A762-C65A27FCDAB7","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"eeda675146eaac960e312504b1b7dd784f800a08","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2010-01-25T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$A0462F33-2ADB-4688-B505-5801456B0122","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"23659429c1d6a034751562adf088c9eca0d11453","datavalue":{"value":"For a nontrivial character \\(\\chi\\) on \\(\\mathbb F_p\\) and an interval \\(I\\) of length \\(|I|>p^{1/4+\\varepsilon}\\), Burgess showed  \\[  \\left| \\sum_{x\\in I} \\chi (x)\\right| < p^{-\\delta}|I|,\\qquad \\text{for some}\\;\\delta=\\delta (\\varepsilon)>0.  \\]  This remains the best inequality, although it is conjectured that the \\(1/4\\) can be omitted. Typical applications are estimating the least quadratic residue modulo \\(p\\) and the distribution of primitive elements in a finite field.  Here the author proves a two-dimensional version. For intervals \\(I\\) and \\(J\\) of length at least \\(p^{1/4+\\varepsilon}\\) and \\(\\omega\\in\\mathbb F_{p^2}\\setminus \\mathbb F_p\\), one has:  \\[  \\left|\\sum_{x\\in I, y\\in J} \\chi(x+\\omega y)\\right| < p^{-\\delta}|I|\\,|J|, \\qquad\\text{for some}\\;\\delta=\\delta (\\varepsilon)>0,  \\]  for any nontrivial character \\(\\chi\\) on \\(\\mathbb F_{p^2}\\). The key is the uniformity in \\(\\omega\\). Both Burgess and Karacuba have similar results without this uniformity.  The proof follows Burgess' method but with improved estimates on the multiplicative energy in finite fields.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$88D4EF35-CA2B-4714-8829-1B635A56EF8B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2c4af2efb3b796708d12fd7ecb4b4c9b91ff4c75","datavalue":{"value":"11L40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$CB65FE47-B4C8-4018-8217-BBF881A2749C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6285933086a527c23d63617423493d75c2357f43","datavalue":{"value":"11L26","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$70B9CBFC-9C1C-46A6-A4C2-8C36EBB32810","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6321ce6a9565f5f3e695a7afbb7a3eee2274d95d","datavalue":{"value":"11A07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$6C67B288-D277-49DD-AD40-EDC9BA629F01","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5687a14467cb7d830abeb5f189277957f43dcd25","datavalue":{"value":"5662381","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$9D3720A7-1CD8-4583-ABD3-F731C33F2CBC","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6002cc885bf9252abbb051183aec49ec514dc6fb","datavalue":{"value":"character sums","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$D079DABD-F6E5-4E7A-A4D4-4DA34B85394F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ac07c7d6c5cdc2dbc4590f3ecbac0ebb59196bea","datavalue":{"value":"finite fields","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$1FA8D9D4-EF2B-4420-882E-CD831A881098","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d66d9214f0c511edecda4d39d90c231cd3173ab3","datavalue":{"value":"multiplicative energy","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$D21CA71E-EBD7-4AEC-93A2-33CAE7F17E4C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$4AA73AEB-1753-439D-BA61-A82C4400FA97","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"1ae7dfbc06a1f3fc7220ce4941b622cc18f0052c","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00039-009-0031-5","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$2FB8C11D-7D6C-4809-9E0D-4DC2865B82B6","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8414279e1c845add64987a52e1c81d63f54422b8","datavalue":{"value":"W2118395477","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$264DBA8C-77CA-4EFF-8F98-A92FDBEDDBB9","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"335fccbbe6d9a0f3830db9f507d1e19b65151257","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3291640,"id":"Q3291640"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$1E24D6ED-69E9-4BCF-BB66-95133C6C78F4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"74f4d3f024de7377d9db08e874c3a5cd778822ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5550496,"id":"Q5550496"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$ACAA1DA8-4649-4042-95A4-A971FE74C22C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f445dfa22c8d30d1032a50c48734d0bd6423302","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5536724,"id":"Q5536724"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$4EC2BC2D-920E-4E23-BB6A-1B7C83017F49","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"667ca5a0d3938d939e5f19dd6579ce212f9cccb4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1413651,"id":"Q1413651"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$237E68F8-43DF-4E1D-8C2C-785AB94B7325","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6df8c7e962d96941673afbbb466b108026c831f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":959619,"id":"Q959619"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$50C000EA-4D9D-4F76-A846-BFCB49832799","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1c8504d50b2c74308a2986388a4813d884f7e008","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2626302,"id":"Q2626302"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$0B42A637-9488-451F-913B-966551EED270","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fdff7a4f6c978daf3e9896ae63581bee924c5a23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3142828,"id":"Q3142828"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$7F217A0E-648D-4C98-BBF3-3B6C04568227","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0ad385e1b8e39a5ad677fd781cdcc07bf834aa39","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5658136,"id":"Q5658136"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$7F86E4FF-A052-46F4-B7EC-1C82B798C72A","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"3210f0ec09265339220931fe7354b8f4cf7a0bda","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S00039-009-0031-5","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$CFC85628-4CFC-434B-8E3F-02EBC940CB64","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b3102f17bcb8bee0e993e51a2ea3a88cd82524c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5542191,"id":"Q5542191"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2a0bafa3fb0b59f675a9cab1daf06dc533a8e9b4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8085737228393555","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2655448$4F63D18F-FD21-4D17-821F-8FF207EF7155","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4c14c399ff8a06b83e1024ac769bbb9f5f329144","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3142828,"id":"Q3142828"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6cdd3a784f98f6d36f76dbd71481c4952b5851aa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8019374012947083","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2655448$C5B3714E-1C2C-4DCA-A5B3-EE3880D27AF8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fd510058d9e48eb9172d9348299b69c81380c6ec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2269655,"id":"Q2269655"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7eebaba3504f5792a0773739cb75390a573bccf2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8018321394920349","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2655448$F84BF7A8-35A3-45B2-B253-37EF56BE2070","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6892278d463160266edbffacf106d0ee3944ed35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2942532,"id":"Q2942532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"399241450adc547c57fe9c2aa8ba4c42602aa045","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8013681173324585","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2655448$8F5D20A6-4604-4A60-9150-FF51E723A350","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4e34b902a414af274fb0a2cf1461f11e440df3c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":959619,"id":"Q959619"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b205ca930b2935ae4eabc461862dd1593d10cac6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7868356704711914","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2655448$8E3AEB26-8522-49C2-A0FA-8E5913E2A64C","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"bee1ddd2bb542a0e64ca96574e4fab1bba361385","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57074,"id":"Q57074"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2655448$35A71CE2-3696-4D1D-99C0-EC8DCA99C36F","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2655448","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2655448"}}}}}