{"entities":{"Q2662052":{"pageid":2672795,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2662052","lastrevid":57982755,"modified":"2026-04-03T08:16:54Z","type":"item","id":"Q2662052","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On the number of distinct roots of a lacunary polynomial over finite fields"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7331813"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$248C7A7F-4A16-4D0E-BFD9-8E20F6E0A4ED","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4e59c410b07c7ea76471016dd32a4867484b4a9b","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On the number of distinct roots of a lacunary polynomial over finite fields","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$11CB5A4E-C190-426E-A9FD-35461FB6F1D7","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"54060fe266cee03d5c8438df2aa6dd11ede07eb5","datavalue":{"value":"1486.11148","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$93F2B850-30DB-43CB-8579-44F97D964B09","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9dc503ac097ce954bc7e0ba8e899d11be9843bec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":224911,"id":"Q224911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$EEE1990B-C17F-4749-98F4-5809EADAC185","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"008ced7c814cdb0ec7716540877d53c88f3cb68c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2064756,"id":"Q2064756"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$BA2203A5-42DC-4E6E-88A8-C546957B8BC7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9aacd6b0196c2eb99a98628a8f237114a41161d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2112566,"id":"Q2112566"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$A20FC096-0015-46BA-BEFD-5ADC268BEAEE","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"33122a93dfb64681be222c65bf841053fa198b88","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165874,"id":"Q165874"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$2EA63EBA-555D-4A6D-92E3-264D9C34A391","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d9a5bc733a9954ae8fa68e21c267a4c697d9326c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$E21BE435-1581-4DE2-B215-4753127B1D8D","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c1766ba93d43c4d0d11be22728f7dfdea788a557","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.09962","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$D155EB6F-CC55-42B8-AE97-1558CCA31B9C","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"d8a3317834907795c5ef7479e164b6bb21796ef2","datavalue":{"value":"A \\textit{lacunary} polynomial is characterized by a large gap between the degrees of the highest term and the second highest term. The paper focuses on lacunary polynomials of the form \\(f(x)=x^{(q-1)/d-l}+g(x)\\in\\mathbb F_q[x]\\), where \\(\\mathbb F_q\\) is the finite field with \\(q\\) elements, \\(d\\mid q-1\\), \\(l\\ge 0\\), \\(0< g^\\circ<(q-1)/d-l\\), and \\(g(0)\\ne 0\\). (The degree of a polynomial \\(g\\) is denoted by \\(g^\\circ\\).) Let \\(Z(f)\\) denote the set of roots of \\(f(x)\\) in \\(\\mathbb F_q\\). The objective is to improve the obvious degree bound \\(|Z(f)|\\le (q-1)/d-l\\) on \\(|Z(f)|\\). The approach relies on two facts: (1) For \\(x\\in\\mathbb F_q\\) with \\(x^{(q-1)/d}=\\xi\\), one has \\(f(x)=\\xi x^{-l}+g(x)\\). (2) For \\(h(x)\\in\\mathbb F_q[x]\\) with \\(h(0)\\ne 0\\), \\(|Z(h)|=|Z(x^{h^\\circ}h(x^{-1}))|\\), where \\(x^{h^\\circ}h(x^{-1})\\) is the reciprocal polynomial of \\(h(x)\\). Using an iteration based on these facts, three new upper bounds for \\(|Z(f)|\\) are obtained (Theorem~2.4 (1) -- (3)). When \\(l\\) and \\(g^\\circ\\) satisfy certain inequalities, the new bounds improve the degree bound. Several examples are included to show that the new bounds are tight or close to being tight.  There are a few additional results. Theorem~2.1 is a similar improvement of the degree bound for \\(|Z(f)|\\). Theorem~2.3 is an upper bound for the number of roots of a certain type of sparse polynomials over \\(\\mathbb F_q\\). An upper bound for the number of zeros of a type of rational functions over \\(\\mathbb F_q\\) is stated in Theorem~2.2 without proof.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$0C76484C-F346-42C3-B9CD-C67C2394BB64","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5005488ac12471348bfecb95099a57fd4da722ac","datavalue":{"value":"11T06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$30B745B8-C768-4FEA-9ED2-A868240844DF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"d62d1cd973dce254cd45ea02396a5964fdd78a52","datavalue":{"value":"7331813","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$F9180FBE-2C28-443B-943D-F0A686FF5A1D","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"aa3a35357ac9dbafc7c8e0f4c0e0a8a24ee6a2e2","datavalue":{"value":"lacunary polynomial","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$51C3C102-DE41-490C-A2A3-229F54B58BD8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"85d3765f45ce58420ee8c8f7e642d785c15d3b3f","datavalue":{"value":"sparse polynomial","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$389FD093-185F-4B79-A333-F7A20CA40892","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a3711b386902559bb22bf67091b7eca92012716a","datavalue":{"value":"finite field","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$0B77640F-B6EB-49BA-B2E5-6161B25C10CD","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$0AB35F6F-561E-4731-A1C8-379FD13EF375","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"7ed6e16f612356dcffd93031ad0bcc97d1ef35ec","datavalue":{"value":"W3080148194","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$B8CF87EC-7637-48D9-9792-8509CF05A5F4","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c65d1df0c776ce86589b236957e5a08389a35fdd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3100567,"id":"Q3100567"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$04746FCB-A1FF-42C1-8D31-41A263793D47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b66d0926fea1dc26fe476ebe8619df700279eb68","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5932009,"id":"Q5932009"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$69CB033F-7A03-4409-81C6-3180A6828A71","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9af7c9101cbd533b4683cf48c73a21d6cf40b72e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1351508,"id":"Q1351508"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$98339E84-02CC-4648-A837-14773409649B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e7049b4651b645a7058f46f1a15bc8576ec32870","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2971010,"id":"Q2971010"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$74F6E29F-3361-46FC-871E-0C976B2A720D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5b744254043625e61e8104d0bd722ea25d1f4e2e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":321285,"id":"Q321285"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$FFDB1F64-5206-4635-819C-17FBA8C3A653","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b78f441785e8d30b985704ac67dbfd13045268a5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4083813,"id":"Q4083813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$BA60AEF9-AC67-4057-A383-27D241263E9A","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"34f41c7ad4d78ac51512071d770cad7b23b01795","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.FFA.2021.101820","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2662052$4526382A-9FEB-4DDD-80B2-D39BF675976D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"831367f27b48f4ec70372ca920e32ecb1a1e36a5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2971010,"id":"Q2971010"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"60fab5a7751ed0fa50e0b88e47e197eedeef6cd6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7953512072563171","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2662052$26B184AB-6D21-4037-9AD1-640DC5F7EC10","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"902b70588938206d52a944bc6546c05c235ee83d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1587233,"id":"Q1587233"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ee2e73bebb2855dfaf9dce82e5328e8d4cf380e3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7619972825050354","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2662052$626B486C-F8D2-411D-ACCB-B9F2162B9373","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"547d73bb6a1caeb320cc5f852fcdb94d0fa9b2ec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":881097,"id":"Q881097"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ee2e73bebb2855dfaf9dce82e5328e8d4cf380e3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7619972825050354","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2662052$728249D7-F8E0-4F72-BC2A-26BB93135D4E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"76d2a1f0c518d03e11bb7fcd147e0c0a7618e743","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3100567,"id":"Q3100567"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f797e8b45e1c78837d4cf4080fac2389417305e5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7599075436592102","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2662052$8C84E50D-F79C-47E6-AAE6-B6B66B353313","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"11f17eb35721b40472f886a5e1bfe372d0faa48f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4252163,"id":"Q4252163"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0e21fa324d27dea630c498a0b58b3c7381637bcd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7576689124107361","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2662052$A896E2D2-11F0-428E-A4AA-A8A275D02A67","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2662052","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2662052"}}}}}