{"entities":{"Q2674036":{"pageid":2684779,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2674036","lastrevid":57983892,"modified":"2026-04-03T08:23:27Z","type":"item","id":"Q2674036","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Spectral gap of the largest eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7589773"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$FB5822C5-A71D-456D-B322-FF529C307271","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b93de8a17fe812c27ff8e2cec845a0d2d7fa3ba7","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Spectral gap of the largest eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$0E909A13-7143-48E2-8F62-B9CF40820D61","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"046b2cdb457a215ce5a9813af75ff3f1a95badde","datavalue":{"value":"1503.05076","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$84BA647E-935C-474F-BBEA-F3288C49AC11","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7a315367c2b195206b0b7ec7205f9b0e65dcab34","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1979368,"id":"Q1979368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$116A00EF-1A02-41FD-ACE8-0F9B1990B76A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"309cdc07876063fb4ba27bb67e3c3c6422b960a4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":522453,"id":"Q522453"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$DD657528-F894-4B33-8368-763D16298C88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"96004c0aa245e4b05b34884182b77420a15c729a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1164895,"id":"Q1164895"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$B9A9CCF1-3756-4A48-A706-0523F2B99FEC","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"1df7782df390498f35189993904e8c6f456044fb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":279681,"id":"Q279681"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$F79E672C-1EA8-4B17-BE50-2338F420ED3B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"c95b7bab56df7de93fb565a41159eab77e3a3f6c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$119E386D-9138-4206-B93C-D1E2C22D37BC","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"d5c24494e43ab78d19feb955c8abb6b58e5a9960","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.14402","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$8CD0DE9B-014D-4858-90AE-BC953CA245F8","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"90798c0f763e59e2d52b81a31e772e0f4f9a8a2a","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\lambda_n(G)\\) denote the largest normalized Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph \\(G\\) of order \\(n\\). It has been known that \\(\\lambda_n(G) \\ge \\frac{n}{n-1}\\) where equality is attained if and only if \\(G\\) is a complete graph; and that when \\(G\\) is not a complete graph, then \\(\\lambda_n(G) \\ge \\frac{n+1}{n-1}\\) with the extremal graphs well-characterized. A new method is found in this study for proving these results. Using the same method, a new lower bound to the largest eigenvalue in terms of the minimum vertex degree is also found, provided this is at most \\(\\frac{n-1}{2}\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$0D84415F-463D-4D72-9D7E-FCB9825FA5B0","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"79a8c6554e98e741fdd08e23d1518b113d533e27","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":175486,"id":"Q175486"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$886466D3-C21E-4250-AE31-5640364B9A34","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"898109ac7e401de8fce76101fe27418b7afd5158","datavalue":{"value":"05C50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$2E9BE4B1-1835-4775-A92C-B4104CEA10F2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c21603f2a2de72aea22ccf7830ccc0f1291fe832","datavalue":{"value":"15A42","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$2CAEBF97-9D5C-4AE2-878C-0E9EA917F2B3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"245985807b016d115d4f4ba6c61b278b3497fcff","datavalue":{"value":"05C07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$69E7DE8F-D01D-4453-9009-2BFDB3D66304","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a3bb76dbd41580d9287ece5137de80ddf22202f","datavalue":{"value":"05C35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$B43D7E69-E0AC-492D-9730-032F4F4B4975","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b353ca9fa5871b5d283994bd1f10d77c55504354","datavalue":{"value":"15A18","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$EFA92A9C-C487-4F00-9C60-D0DA21F65319","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b073d14036ee01fb1c97fa710bf3b0b7fee70bae","datavalue":{"value":"7589773","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$FD3B5ABA-6727-4655-B9FE-EB250ABCF61E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"05be6754d4964f25be10115147d1ff0acee655b9","datavalue":{"value":"spectral graph theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$F03B70C7-5665-492E-89F5-8FC7EABAC318","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f86e2c6f2e569b5dd8f7c7bc62148e7831cd4733","datavalue":{"value":"normalized Laplacian","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$9D120C7A-163C-4456-A524-07D3E12FC0E7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d6c8580592b5015823e10404098ac89554850b93","datavalue":{"value":"largest eigenvalue","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$304B4BF2-B514-4717-AC54-7BFF5590E45E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"17d1eec8ba97ae7e666300916b6f43622c85357c","datavalue":{"value":"sharp bounds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$172F7D34-2585-4E85-A49E-246962227780","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$2D18366B-95DF-46F1-B0A0-7501C2DAAF04","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"974306c10109bdc3de81ce3c7b8bf36dca0a3828","datavalue":{"value":"W3151254556","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$897F53BE-7D9A-416B-884A-7CCA91E957DD","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7fc33b89318051f0b825550bbf8efaccc7e55942","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2437359,"id":"Q2437359"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$7F8756C6-40F1-4538-B1A9-022FFB307089","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"98bc568735e9a177f6675bf341e687d704fda87e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5691133,"id":"Q5691133"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$E0AB1809-F45D-42B5-BC38-D4C0B8D519B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b7cbe89affcfbeb70dabafccf194f48ee7439d67","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":260423,"id":"Q260423"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$4D27ED84-8116-4DE2-A738-8D8B69042DA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e9bc4a92cc1ad2f39f58f082211245d5e3581c26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2250948,"id":"Q2250948"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$B38E60C2-77E8-4BF7-8F2A-D26AF0674FC3","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"9f486ad0dd8e8947f7a8c7faaaf4e8eb94708ebe","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S40304-020-00222-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$13E6F2C2-FE00-4BC1-B9F5-6A686E05D2A6","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3f361648a2be858a1875581a26dadd79931e369f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2497240,"id":"Q2497240"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"187ca88dfefc3f06e1db3c99f2c069134a24cfc7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92914975","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$C738D1A8-6E7F-45B3-9B6A-6A02D8B18DFF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"97fcfb733c5da7ea5a87a97bfc0afd73e09435c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4687754,"id":"Q4687754"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6174ef6bfb36ded7c0b03cdd1b08e16df706737f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9212346","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$13AFBC98-EDF5-4750-8509-DF80C9987775","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3d066bab25b03b4d8562383b763087b871fd1bac","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":260423,"id":"Q260423"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6174ef6bfb36ded7c0b03cdd1b08e16df706737f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9212346","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$B35272B5-BEBF-4B34-B5B0-DC92B9C638A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b74fac618b49064ba6070c7677a1de42bc55c17a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":726502,"id":"Q726502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"19b290425152623491437774700ad25b8e5fca93","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9199844","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$DA8ED677-893D-46DE-85F1-0FDB3EFE65E4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c78160e74a3809a8b0c8b520b2a3a8661c28357a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":924372,"id":"Q924372"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ca1e47e9aac3275c108ef683306982cf50830492","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9194911","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$16819CCE-99FA-491D-B909-3C720FAA3E24","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8aa3708831d23f68f9628205e7ec3f1cdb125f32","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2008849,"id":"Q2008849"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"faed409ad4234fffaf3fde6b02d30db755f26568","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9189941","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$C0272A0C-4675-47AE-9B31-40612126C273","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0e189e0ff3234393c0cc13c196ecaab202118e26","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3513455,"id":"Q3513455"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"62f5d0ce964f883e39cdc5f34b3a5a452bff329b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.91827273","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$552A3544-8430-45B3-8B06-5EA00340B4A3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ef8076aa62d2949d3711eb58477f97f024e9c2ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6162649,"id":"Q6162649"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a4d16cb9399d3c31f152c6192bf225a03ea8f4d5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.918102","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$868F76E3-367A-4C62-B963-C146A01E2A86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b22b5cb849ceadc768bf2b3a8d830c11fcdd1628","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3382061,"id":"Q3382061"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8e53c8650006af38ca6462615ada3d5e3b9223f8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.91609627","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$094EF3FD-0405-4CFA-BB22-BC034182F229","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39de3c5af2834eab016626fb06563ab25c599c92","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2433733,"id":"Q2433733"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d361a16c5bdaa682370fccf17eeb641e97f42096","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.915835","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2674036$ED1D1999-0EAF-4C64-8DF9-87D7EBCB1232","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2674036$F7D5ABBB-9D88-40CC-BB27-6CC14B2CA1DE","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2674036","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2674036"}}}}}