{"entities":{"Q2685847":{"pageid":2696590,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2685847","lastrevid":47817565,"modified":"2026-01-02T18:55:51Z","type":"item","id":"Q2685847","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Uniform, efficient and independent Ramsey taxes across markets"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7656656"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$06EBA8D1-F1A7-470A-9493-D059E9174EAD","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"cf0624c25845221d1f8eed98904b1febd0452246","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Uniform, efficient and independent Ramsey taxes across markets","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$E7353854-7810-4DA0-85FF-C7311725C696","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"633132340af9b7052150d1a069e793682539b059","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":281386,"id":"Q281386"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$04B6A57E-43D8-4D16-90B9-C10C1AE3452D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f31f79775e589b8a3f36e37d63e9adbf6b347e44","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1925878,"id":"Q1925878"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$8ED2CDF1-AD63-425D-9355-80976DF662EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"eb649d8c7de36a2941c5672af12019a2b74f7844","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":617592,"id":"Q617592"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$2FCAB2EC-64C5-4871-9B25-D1BA28BBDD45","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7e00ea88ea3f447dc19c061387db33f0d05e8233","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":167674,"id":"Q167674"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$7F464B34-0CB5-4B6A-A045-EFFAEBE267C1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"729820b3d9c942c8ddeec0ce26b9b49723352c71","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$6E24CAD8-9A3B-4BB1-827B-23365DF970F6","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8870b017b691dbd9bcd9556348d62c7ddfe0d8e5","datavalue":{"value":"91B64","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$E93BFC65-41E5-4174-B65F-FF439D4ADBFD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"f7629968a6ebb41d4236586e82fbb2dc918f5eed","datavalue":{"value":"91B54","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$AA068B4E-C03F-44F1-9507-D833DE6035D1","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"f581704c275f1e7e839d7d9e062b1bfac1eee61d","datavalue":{"value":"7656656","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$25FD2AF1-8582-4417-9CE7-968C9CBC11ED","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"868511c84cbba9d520f0268d0c9805c5c965602b","datavalue":{"value":"Ramsey tax","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$1C16B020-177C-4BF5-A076-40BCEBB4C8CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f69e259ef617b3094150ec44ebb899b5ec36b471","datavalue":{"value":"optimal taxation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$7D6C6852-EEA9-4BDC-84F1-73341490C80E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"28c47e10e15907fb78e3a697ca0ca9f78c0af558","datavalue":{"value":"imperfect competition","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$8960A255-8ED0-4CE4-8F3E-3D0EEB750A21","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3b399c63ff7a7cc8a93e551f70fa00560999044e","datavalue":{"value":"marginal cost of taxation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$B1CD06A0-16CF-4C23-B34E-8FB8475CEF1F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"70dc5f58e330ed997c6dfd569280e12f1366334b","datavalue":{"value":"multi-market oligopoly","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$2AEC12FA-6A9C-41C0-AC7A-84E197CA3920","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$026944B1-6DBC-45E4-8AD9-6E274194DA9B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"b05a25312c5dbd90fb9b6566e5ef14fc2d51bb0d","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2023.01.010","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$6CFF392D-46D9-4C0A-BBD1-9E101A9AD723","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"9bb0016cb586b7ba29e63e3599032b4e40652ad1","datavalue":{"value":"W4318274199","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$54B82C27-68A8-4DC6-BA5F-FDF70369B8B7","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"410b6ef0553482c42d0e936e0a10dbfbd7ebd6f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2397653,"id":"Q2397653"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$A2DA9292-8762-4AEE-82C1-EEEF7DB9C3AC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e806fcaa8c730588f215b32fb6a5262c6f2841af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3888784,"id":"Q3888784"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$72C78C13-2978-436F-A06D-0544119EE794","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"00ca3bf038c189a83b3471eb2572489ec8d039a9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3942706,"id":"Q3942706"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$85BA24DA-C7DC-425B-ADDE-6E0ED11F445E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8558f83167895dc876a53799ab95398e91eea1dc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3233626,"id":"Q3233626"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$267899A5-959C-45D6-A4C3-3C19A7CB8C8E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dd73d5c6436f81bffdd85b7f4194144e5aa97418","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":374720,"id":"Q374720"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$671564BB-7029-4F43-AE53-E0139E4092A8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0c88d5452b4bbf2ec6b917c9238b081b625efecb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1124511,"id":"Q1124511"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$8A2F75A0-BE53-498D-921E-7934E632DDA0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be81bf0ac55b9edb930209e5b06898041ab04e41","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1587640,"id":"Q1587640"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$C6E6E530-12CD-4ECE-BFBA-1244438D259C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"54e35aa86a0ffa71e1eb65b79e9d558b8939ef80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":281340,"id":"Q281340"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$B0C4850F-390C-4477-BF9E-456353D39B56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"127bc4b8b8196e774cd4c3d36878329a0068dccd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4644806,"id":"Q4644806"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$AC1CC3E1-BCEB-4AD6-A1CB-A075C4245238","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b5707ce012ceacc174b58f8495cf9d2097dd3522","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3272922,"id":"Q3272922"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$80601B05-F6C9-41D4-B69C-AFDF26D8F336","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"8d73bacb93ee1bdf190d501520d6417df943738e","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.GEB.2023.01.010","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2685847$DD0D8DFA-6E37-418C-A59A-E091FF02BDF7","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ba3ebd0e3cbfb79c8954856d50b8ac0b02a02318","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1704059,"id":"Q1704059"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"07fcf0f10a8010dc0ed69add405b580f6457d514","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7416152358055115","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2685847$21CCE149-699B-411F-8034-EBD24875B128","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"186855851a54a1b5d020dd1a115478fffe65ae68","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1028681,"id":"Q1028681"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9e3d14984db28e050eda87eb5986dc0b94442008","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7276651859283447","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2685847$342BF294-3419-4510-8266-60F3DC384176","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e53adbd46a5677b9bed6c155229f13040dcee464","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6074834,"id":"Q6074834"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"05d2fdf7c5d10c2952b640b597cb742a0c0817ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7242394089698792","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2685847$C31322B8-CD79-468C-BB34-09C7CEBFDF6F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6c0637aeadf8fd6496a998b18db9380a295012e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1638031,"id":"Q1638031"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0965cd85aac5c5e755f39d7853eea11b70adef41","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7198277711868286","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2685847$70E702C6-3730-4197-B850-00649C9CDF83","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2e1ee635068f4faba9b3700ecf61ae67de8f989f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1663054,"id":"Q1663054"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"da84abd2bd1a7645502f5b9b37c521682633ea9b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7179858088493347","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2685847$D6D30134-6367-4239-B94C-34FA01C934D3","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2685847","badges":[]}}}}}