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The author has published widely on the subject elsewhere. In particular, the present article is more or less an abstract of \\textit{J. Wole\u0144ski}'s ``Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov-Warsaw School'' (Dordrecht 1989), what accounts for the at times cursory style and the wealth of information in this most interesting article. The aim of the author is to argue against ``a very common interpretation of the Lvov-Warsaw School as a branch of logical empiricism.'' (16). Instead, Wole\u0144ski is going into the prehistory of the school in Lvov (Lemberg) and the decisive original influence by Kazimierz Twardowski (1866-1938), who was not a mathematical logician but rather came from Franz Brentano's philosophy in Vienna. The author argues that the ensuing Warsaw School of Logic in the 1920s and 1930s was the common opus of philosophers (Twardowski etc.) and mathematicians (Z. Janiszewski etc.). The particular style of the Lvov-Warsaw School of mathematical logic is linked by the author to the location of Polish philosophy at the periphery of continental (Western) philosophy, which brought with it not only disadvantages but originality and efforts for synthesis of existing patterns of thought as well. It is perhaps due to the new general climate of historical discourse after 1989 that almost no mention is made of the extermination of many Polish logicians and mathematicians by the German Nazis, while dogmatic communist influence after the Second World War is relatively more considered.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 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