{"entities":{"Q2717735":{"pageid":2728474,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2717735","lastrevid":82894049,"modified":"2026-05-06T22:21:56Z","type":"item","id":"Q2717735","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On the Boffa alternative"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1605323"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$585C94CC-2A6E-4957-9893-54073F67B782","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"bba55d2e1c712582bc3f8d924e8a5ef1c01036cc","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On the Boffa alternative","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$E0A4DE4D-191B-499E-9C56-ECE94185C9B5","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"fc203672acdf52e691b7484d865dd97442241077","datavalue":{"value":"0986.20031","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$2379E307-DD85-43B5-AF66-867FEAB2EC2D","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ec079920becd5446f00542ca2e19ecd26ed08594","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2717734,"id":"Q2717734"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$FE85FE69-0324-42EC-86B5-B63F1340DEE2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c6b1f2d1cd663632328bd7294ef9f6015ebe7d5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":527227,"id":"Q527227"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$AFD2B54D-4248-436C-A611-85EA9B6C1D69","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"598fdc84b270f74350f9392fd164ea87813ca117","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2717686,"id":"Q2717686"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$3D04ED31-39F8-43C5-9076-F217E8060618","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"06eab7b8fdb4da09120309408d2523975ca56178","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-06-17T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$34999AF6-DAE0-4A67-BAD6-8D8D0F506951","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"49af82f4ade3a98e23da5d649cb52c1c6f164fdd","datavalue":{"value":"20E10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$C190A62B-FE59-47AA-99DF-A597BDD900FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9a1a4186812d01433313a8948e0d5c4282e52788","datavalue":{"value":"20F19","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$9C0AB44C-7055-4E1D-A498-C533335287CB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"64c891c8db113a89f5535e38d0fdd8c3bd61e10c","datavalue":{"value":"20E25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$7D7FA832-901B-47CE-AE89-AE11F3E697EA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"afe0dc0c0736bb69fa09cc63d89cf0239c70ef90","datavalue":{"value":"20E26","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$4B050419-DE0C-4AED-89C6-4E0134B75E5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ea37469d91f3037e8b6809fc66f770f1b27a461d","datavalue":{"value":"20E07","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$5B43B261-989B-4B1C-8BDC-343F456C65B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d2785a964739681e8231fee4de8f7d657fb50f4f","datavalue":{"value":"03C20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$25131DC6-5AE1-4EBA-A33A-BEEE00A43918","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5965067c51af5cb6980f23f5d9c6edc4ac20e6ab","datavalue":{"value":"1605323","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$10F68A48-8CAF-49D2-9549-278EA2F5F41E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bd1aca72d003306c54acfddf0d49f1ef39e93ef8","datavalue":{"value":"group laws","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$A3AD6B1D-B9F1-4100-A118-2091CB9E302B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c5eb3cd07f1651ce2344df8ad3d519ad73709749","datavalue":{"value":"positive laws","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$7E09916B-79D1-4FF9-A08A-6AE71E501B60","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1d04870d06bfff678ffa00450a1d4d32f69b00d4","datavalue":{"value":"free subsemigroups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$0CA2CC49-2DFF-4441-B0C0-B4C33AC80AB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"834ae649365176670e4e525867879cbb7d6cd932","datavalue":{"value":"ultrapowers of groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$8F4925AD-678D-4BC8-BD2A-395F470A26E3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1ee1c89a591a35c63b9b897e9773f7fa218cb0ab","datavalue":{"value":"products of varieties","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$33B20451-A895-43BF-931B-CFD7199067D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"447a051bdde7429cec7cf770df6c80d2e2428467","datavalue":{"value":"varieties of groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$1B3E3978-C6B7-4862-8227-0FD94DA178F0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2ec6f352a9bd4927c1b473e297be91b65a62e467","datavalue":{"value":"soluble groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$CBE7E2E4-2065-420B-A321-AA668124398C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b70402391780bb9d70f893a285768ff8bbf05e78","datavalue":{"value":"restricted Burnside varieties","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$92A08DA7-F7A0-40F0-A2AA-34D82AA8974E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$7AF1698D-104D-46EC-869D-A2B8954CA554","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"4ed75cfc2dd88c28e7c44477971d27e604823f5c","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.4064/cm88-2-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$ED51DCF3-63DD-49CF-8C48-EDC583CEC4A8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"29e39ce970cb9359de7770198217f04ee9f049b9","datavalue":{"value":"W1986537772","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$858DFEFF-48AB-4223-A155-FB6EB98FF69B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"ea3180c3659ea0a86aa232f2d315d7ec20848955","datavalue":{"value":"10.4064/CM88-2-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$D4E48F8E-4663-4252-A7A1-408FAD5EDB53","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a3f7e9140d2a42fb5a9d0ce07d0114aff9992a93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1372662,"id":"Q1372662"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4799c9caa09a1b51e362bd75e589ab93dd8d385f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7429375","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$D99E1F90-66BA-4E9D-AC7A-0889D98114D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6bab7cb063d10b13c1d5ff8d393175b4b08a8ddc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3155517,"id":"Q3155517"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"37b6521ae17ba231be25f8a4262df2e1ebcd7c47","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73657644","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$DCC6FA6C-160F-4BFF-89DE-38A717B111F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"719172d067bf3b1278f960c209a9b488b8cbb124","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2777971,"id":"Q2777971"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9c316f620bcf8673028cc55d2f1fd334ecc300dc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.72647554","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$30D852A1-08B2-4960-8495-215893E53890","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c36677b4607294be0a9516918cf51a6cc3b7440f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4500815,"id":"Q4500815"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7ab51c53883e798502e5445cd3b8476230f642b1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.71883345","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$C6A3F601-8E10-40DD-A131-08F763AADCA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"65049697ed2ca05666b7bc618e0b1ae37b2d80d5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4792634,"id":"Q4792634"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1a269ad12a6d644c42e42ac4a353b106f9b4ea24","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.71704847","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$61BD5530-D271-4192-9140-05D01FB684B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0eaa06c4f93f32c4447209408d19d91c9df123bf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":968660,"id":"Q968660"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2d8480da085a715d2a5c9d01b82896c313d77dbe","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69113123","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$C56CC163-0133-445D-99DD-C5C4A1264FE1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6c6a9dc96084ab6fcde99941958a11f6723de5e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5851766,"id":"Q5851766"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8e6e741886f5d3bb08cd9a65e2d51823282ff7a7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69015694","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$0DAE7C8F-114C-4CF7-B686-CD043F82417F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"338610f09da1dd61b20baa3ca1f977141233f36c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4462470,"id":"Q4462470"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b96d2edeea260018473e10dd7a14be31e8161c38","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68319416","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$A7B27B3F-509B-4D3C-9812-B424243BCC51","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"35e2faa33fc34e94aad66cd15590086bc84a0002","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5956892,"id":"Q5956892"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e0d77194930dd79f829927f828cb5883357bfb42","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6643913","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$DD71FF1B-ED18-4250-AA8E-91C32EAFE58C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c85b0f4bc7fcbe8c7cffee38327ef4029f0c13a7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5427453,"id":"Q5427453"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5de2dbb4acbecfb95d6fadb41ab56594863709fc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6595894","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2717735$81D9D0BB-E2F0-4D54-9BFB-0E7C3774CDF7","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"42281511f7d16af1ef5b6c169259efd7ba013d41","datavalue":{"value":"The group law \\(u=v\\) is called positive if \\(u,v\\) are words of the free semigroup \\(F\\) generated by \\(x_1,x_2,\\dots\\). Let \\(G^*\\) denote a nonprincipal ultrapower of a group \\(G\\). The authors say that a group \\(G\\) is an \\(F^*\\)-group if \\(G^*\\) contains a free nonabelian subsemigroup.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEQuestion (Q) of \\textit{M. Boffa} [in Model theory of groups and automorphism groups, Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 224, 134-143 (1997; Zbl 0945.03053)] suggests the following alternative: a group either satisfies a positive law or is an \\(F^*\\)-group. In the paper the large class \\(\\mathcal C\\) of groups satisfying the Boffa alternative is presented. To recall the definition of the class \\(\\mathcal C\\) introduced by \\textit{R. G. Burns, O. Macedo\u0144ska} and \\textit{Yu. Medvedev} [in J. Algebra 195, No. 2, 510-525 (1997; Zbl 0886.20022)], we denote by \\(\\Delta_1\\) the class of groups contained in finite products of varieties \\({\\mathcal V}_1\\cdots{\\mathcal V}_m\\), where \\({\\mathcal V}_i\\) is either the variety \\({\\mathcal A}^n\\) of all soluble groups of solubility class \\(n\\), or the restricted Burnside variety \\({\\mathcal B}_k\\) (that is, the variety generated by all finite groups of exponent \\(k\\)) for various \\(n,k\\). Now we define inductively: \\(\\Delta_{n+1}=\\{\\)groups locally in \\(\\Delta_n\\}\\cup\\{\\)groups residually in \\(\\Delta_n\\}\\). The class \\(\\mathcal C\\) is defined as the union \\({\\mathcal C}=\\bigcup_n\\Delta_n\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe main result of the paper is the following Theorem 1. If \\(G\\) is in the class \\(\\mathcal C\\) then either \\(G\\) satisfies a positive law or \\(G\\) is an \\(F^*\\)-group.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$817CAA29-8629-4BD0-8561-E5691B6AAC88","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"c2c991645c7824f944f90b46b0b7cd4fc8cfc118","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1372639,"id":"Q1372639"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2717735$0E6EEB38-617D-4B5A-8DD8-B51A77097117","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On the Boffa alternative","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_the_Boffa_alternative"}}}}}