{"entities":{"Q2725335":{"pageid":2736074,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2725335","lastrevid":79161932,"modified":"2026-05-06T13:17:08Z","type":"item","id":"Q2725335","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Methods for the approximation of the matrix exponential in a Lie-algebraic setting"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1619135"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$E2231198-62D8-409C-8F5B-D771764701FE","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5cd5911e866979dfec6b21d5e31bed739b0ad772","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Methods for the approximation of the matrix exponential in a Lie-algebraic setting","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$7EA3ACC9-7306-4790-9D07-0F7695CE4716","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ca85ec8025aeef33c3a1f6ac368fc8b51c8f6967","datavalue":{"value":"1009.65040","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$0E4E600A-C9FB-445D-9702-803F97A4A71C","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a4c2ef6cffbf63a0055e1fd5d0aea5fb459450ec","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":283289,"id":"Q283289"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$AC524B62-E00C-4A76-B1D2-3EEA829E2D10","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"35095401afc49be2906c72237f82dd8121d04dc3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":182379,"id":"Q182379"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$C377445E-5289-4F15-A6B7-5B64C8EBC72C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"25d0e0f50f81a9191da925dbc443d13304756d3f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":146785,"id":"Q146785"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$16B2CF37-D3BB-424F-95AE-F61CD2909206","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"73bc98ac9eb6563b34a01c00a4ce928919fc1eba","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2001-07-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$2B510D02-F0E2-4CC5-92B8-6E6DF92ACC01","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"2c3246289312ea1d07b5f3c40007ac1bb18e6647","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9904122","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$3AA1A4C8-4C84-4178-8A4C-516E52C1CCC8","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a791263e4e07e7e02b7f9a5a0bca82e7a96f68a","datavalue":{"value":"65L05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$2FCEE34D-44F0-4937-A4C3-1C6707DCE2FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e89248fee75ab606c05492cde830c333d84ea240","datavalue":{"value":"34A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$6C17C6A9-9A80-4D8A-ABB7-4A355BDBBB71","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6a212d35d1a20758107f5ea9f4824606c821b294","datavalue":{"value":"22E60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$91A236CA-F12B-4BED-81AF-80C582A08466","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"c82137acc34a5931e7fe1aba669c1a7263cdca36","datavalue":{"value":"1619135","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$5EF704DD-E926-4BA8-A14D-BE7BCA8A2BAE","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ca2bf43ed3bcb5b685cd9841422ad2cdb691e381","datavalue":{"value":"approximation of the matrix exponential","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$8F2454D7-10BE-4899-904B-40396C170801","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f86cd06a419d31e4ce13611ac75d7e887c436747","datavalue":{"value":"Lie group","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$9DB28398-C9C0-4CFA-B5A0-94E1127BE22B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"394a8ca59bb381943e71acbc2ab4b8012f88b06e","datavalue":{"value":"Lie algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$53820A9A-6C8F-4925-8FDE-9D9DBB29C2DD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bcfcd4685286887392c75a5fd7f929407e7fbb70","datavalue":{"value":"time symmetric approximation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$BD2A00D2-3025-4053-91A7-7F8631BC360D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"84f9919bb9be586546b16b83703aaf376da488b7","datavalue":{"value":"matrix differential equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$4F88CC09-9EA0-4CC7-8B25-F550B5725BBE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0bc709603cb896a3f3b198b49d4c853b7d197ae0","datavalue":{"value":"isospectral flow","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$F4DB002C-2172-4CB4-9D47-DCDB62F99E1B","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$55A734D8-FE98-4ACC-A804-D729C862DBAC","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"f94d2f57c4ac46f9ef561221ccd7e1d98e9cc54c","datavalue":{"value":"W2006409769","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$450B5DB2-0166-487C-BBC4-9845258ADB22","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"00d889f2a970ed7eb64806d9a617dea1b29cf182","datavalue":{"value":"10.1093/IMANUM/21.2.463","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$C12EF43C-03A3-4750-BEEC-EE94FA336632","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"553cc86f85736fb70b798aa458b01a527347ec6c","datavalue":{"value":"The authors derive \\(p\\)th-order approximation formulas for exponentials representing elements of a Lie group which may be written in canonical coordinates of the second kind (SKC). Given a Lie group \\(G\\subseteq \\text{GL}(n)\\) with associated Lie algebra \\(g\\subseteq \\text{gl}(n)\\) if \\(B= \\sum^n_{i=1} \\beta_i V_i\\) where \\(V_i\\) is a basis for \\(g\\) then for some \\(g_i(t)\\), NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\exp(tB)= \\prod^n_{i=1} g_i(t) V_i.\\tag{i}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The authors approximate \\(\\exp(tB)\\) by approximating \\(g_i(t)\\) by Taylor polynomials NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\alpha_i(t)= \\sum^p_{j=0} (j!)^{-1} g^{(j)}_i(0) t^j.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Explicit formulas for determining \\(g^{(j)}_i(0)\\) are obtained by differentiating both sides of (i) with respect to \\(t\\). The \\(g^{(j)}_i(0)\\) are computable if the basis matrices are sufficiently sparse, \\(p\\leq 4\\). They are determined explicitly for the orthogonal group, the special linear group, and the Lorenz group choosing appropriate bases. A time symmetric approximation to \\(\\exp(tB)\\) is given by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\prod^n_{i=1} \\alpha^{(2k)}_i(t) V_i \\prod^{n-1}_{i=1}\\alpha^{(2k)}_{n-i}(t) V_{n-i},\\tag{ii}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(\\alpha^{(2k)}_i(t)\\) are odd polynomials with \\(k\\) terms. A recursive method to obtain \\(\\alpha^{(2j)}_i\\) from \\(\\alpha^{(2j- 2)}_i\\) is described which leads to a \\((2k+2)\\) order approximation to \\(\\exp(tB)\\). The method is worked out explicitly for \\(k=1\\) for the special orthogonal group \\(\\text{SR}(n)\\) and requires \\(11.5 n^3\\) flops.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEResults of a computation to solve a \\((30,30)\\) matrix differential equation for an isospectral flow are presented using the \\(k=1\\) algorithm. The cost was found to be comparable to the cost of using a Cayley map.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$B912E2FD-87B4-4C25-8FE5-C736392150D7","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"ba66b14c418c8778f89f99ebc1ae3da45a8f251c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":593271,"id":"Q593271"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2725335$7B83DADE-603C-4B9D-A3F8-45F6EBA79256","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e939d876a5190124652cf210c5e352bba0e3a3e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":964952,"id":"Q964952"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2a59b757bca9b60abba2f4fc018563669b93d063","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8325666785240173","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2725335$7E192C8B-07F8-4900-8961-BEC9D3F84597","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dbf64210d4e7ad450d71ae74f4f2e84ed2f59d52","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2784383,"id":"Q2784383"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e035048e6b84ed27398da909ff83e310005d66a1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8259603977203369","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2725335$E7C838F6-1487-4BF0-8BE2-DCEDD879B437","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"779e8b9ff9c3c67e612c5fadccee513435284f75","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5943876,"id":"Q5943876"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e035048e6b84ed27398da909ff83e310005d66a1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8259603977203369","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2725335$0896AE70-77A0-49F9-855F-89838A708F32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3e66aa0c4db4864b4290fe262473c219e4550375","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4501035,"id":"Q4501035"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d2118c9c875557fe8c2c037db2e6892f89f8629b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8148563504219055","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2725335$9AE6CD12-130D-4C40-86FB-9ED1C6D45401","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"53833f39371f45a86704494b2e952ac685842ead","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5929862,"id":"Q5929862"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d2118c9c875557fe8c2c037db2e6892f89f8629b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8148563504219055","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2725335$39FBFB2F-A7BE-4439-BAE7-9902EAE0699A","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Methods for the approximation of the matrix exponential in a Lie-algebraic setting","badges":[]}}}}}