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A continuum \\(Y\\) is a 2-to-1 retract if there is a continuum \\(X\\) and a 2-to-1 retraction from \\(X\\) onto a subcontinuum of \\(X\\) that is homeomorphic to \\(Y\\). The paper considers the question of which continua are 2-to-1 retracts.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEA 1-to-1 cover of a map \\(f\\) with domain \\(X\\) is a restriction of \\(f\\) to an open proper subset \\(U\\) of \\(X\\) such that \\(f\\) is to 1-to-1 on \\(U\\) and \\(f(U)= f(X)\\). It is shown that a continuum \\(Y\\) is a 2-to-1 retract if and only if there is a (simple) map with a 1-to-1 cover from a continuum onto \\(Y\\). A number of corollaries give sufficient conditions under which a continuum is a 2-to-1 retract.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEFurther, a series of results is presented to demonstrate that the strictly locally 1-to-1 (that is, locally 1-to-1 but not a homeomorphism) image of a continuum is frequently a 2-to-1 retract, and examples are constructed that demonstrate the sort of complexity that a continuum might have in order for it to have a strictly locally 1-to-1 image that is not a 2-to-1 retract. 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