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H. Neumann} in response to a question of Paul Erd\u0151s proved [in J. Aust. Math. Soc., Ser. A 21, 467-472 (1976; Zbl 0333.05110)] that a group is center-by-finite if and only if every infinite subset contains a commuting pair of distinct elements. Later extensions of Erd\u0151s' question with different aspects have been considered by many people [see e.g. \\textit{J. C. Lennox, J. Wiegold}, J. Aust. Math. Soc., Ser. A 31, 459-463 (1981; Zbl 0492.20019) and \\textit{A. Abdollahi, B. Taeri}, Commun. Algebra 27, No. 11, 5633-5638 (1999; Zbl 0942.20014)].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEHere the author considers some combinatorial conditions on infinite or finite subsets of groups as follows: Let \\(n\\) be a positive integer or infinity (denoted \\(\\infty\\)) and \\(k\\) be a positive integer. It is denoted by \\(\\Omega_k(n)\\) (respectively, \\({\\mathcal U}_k(n)\\)) the class of groups \\(G\\) in which every subset \\(X\\) of cardinality \\(n+1\\) (if \\(n=\\infty\\) then \\(n+1=\\infty\\)) contains distinct elements \\(x,y\\) and there exist non-zero integers \\(t_0,t_1,\\dots,t_k\\) such that \\([x_0^{t_0},x_1^{t_1},\\dots,x_k^{t_k}]=1\\), where \\(x_i\\in\\{x,y\\}\\), \\(i=0,1,\\dots,k\\), \\(x_0\\not=x_1\\) (respectively, \\(x_i^{t_i}\\not=1\\) for all \\(i\\in\\{0,1,\\dots,k\\}\\)). If the non-zero integers \\(t_0,t_1,\\dots,t_k\\) are the same for any subset \\(X\\) of \\(G\\), we say that \\(G\\) is in the class \\(\\overline\\Omega_k(n)\\) (respectively, \\(\\overline{\\mathcal U}_k(n)\\)). It is denoted by \\({\\mathcal W}^*_k\\) the class of groups \\(G\\) such that in every two infinite subsets \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\) of \\(G\\) there exist \\(x\\in X\\) and \\(y\\in Y\\) and there exist non-zero integers \\(t_2,\\dots,t_k\\) such that \\([x_0,x_1,x_2^{t_2},\\dots,x_k^{t_k}]=1\\), where \\(x_i\\in\\{x,y\\}\\) for \\(i=0,1,\\dots,k\\) and \\(x_0\\not=x_1\\). If the non-zero integers \\(t_2,\\dots,t_k\\) are the same for any two infinite subsets \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\) of \\(G\\), we say that \\(G\\) is in \\(\\overline{\\mathcal W}^*_k\\). It is denoted by \\({\\mathcal E}_k(n)\\) (respectively, \\({\\mathcal E}(n)\\)) the class of all groups \\(G\\) in which every subset of cardinality \\(n+1\\) contains two distinct elements \\(x,y\\) such that \\([x,{_ky}]=1\\) (respectively, \\([x,{_ty}]=1\\) for some positive integer \\(t\\) depending on \\(x,y\\)). Finally it is denoted by \\({\\mathcal E}^*_k\\) the class of all groups \\(G\\) in which every two infinite subsets \\(X\\) and \\(Y\\) contain elements \\(x\\in X\\) and \\(y\\in Y\\) such that \\([x,{_ky}]=1\\). (The author in his definitions has not indicated that the \\(t_i\\)'s must be non-zero, but he uses this fact in the proofs.) Obviously we have NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE{\\mathcal E}_k(n)\\subseteq\\overline\\Omega_k(n)\\subseteq\\Omega_k(n)\\subseteq\\Omega_k(n+1)\\subseteq\\Omega_k(\\infty)NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE and NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\overline{\\mathcal U}_k(n)\\subseteq{\\mathcal U}_k(n)\\subseteq\\Omega_k(n)\\text{ and }{\\mathcal E}_k^*\\subseteq\\overline{\\mathcal W}^*_k\\subseteq{\\mathcal W}^*_k\\subseteq\\Omega_k(\\infty).NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The author in Theorem 2 of the paper under review proves that every finitely generated soluble group in \\(\\Omega_k(\\infty)\\) is nilpotent-by-finite. This result generalizes a result of \\textit{N. Trabelsi} [in Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 61, No. 1, 33-38 (2000; Zbl 0959.20034)] where a similar combinatorial condition on any two infinite subsets was considered. The proof of Theorem 2 depends on a deep result of \\textit{P. H. Kropholler} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 49, 155-169 (1984; Zbl 0537.20013)]. \\textit{P. Longobardi} and \\textit{M. Maj} [in Rend. Semin. Mat. Univ. Padova 89, 97-102 (1993; Zbl 0797.20031)] proved that a finitely generated soluble group \\(G\\in{\\mathcal E}(\\infty)\\) if and only if \\(G\\) is finite-by-nilpotent. The reviewer has proved that a finitely generated residually finite \\({\\mathcal E}_k(n)\\)-group, \\(n\\) a positive integer, is finite-by-nilpotent. The author proves in Theorem 3 of this paper that every finitely generated residually finite group in \\(\\overline\\Omega_k(n)\\) (\\(n\\) a positive integer) is nilpotent-by-finite. The proof of Theorem 3 depends on a result of \\textit{J. S. Wilson} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 23, No. 3, 239-248 (1991; Zbl 0746.20018)]. \\textit{O. Puglisi} and \\textit{L. S. Spiezia} proved [in Commun. Algebra 22, No. 4, 1457-1465 (1994; Zbl 0803.20024)] that every infinite locally finite or locally soluble \\({\\mathcal E}_k^*\\)-group is a \\(k\\)-Engel group. The reviewer [in Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 62, No. 1, 141-148 (2000; Zbl 0964.20019)] improved the latter result for locally graded groups (recall that a group is called locally graded if every nontrivial finitely generated subgroup has a nontrivial finite quotient). Here the author proves in Theorem 4 that every locally graded group in \\(\\overline{\\mathcal W}^*_k\\) is nilpotent-by-finite.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEReviewer's remark: The proof of Theorem 1 of the paper which says that every finite group in the class \\({\\mathcal U}_k(2)\\) is nilpotent, relies on the \\textit{false} assumption that the class \\({\\mathcal U}_k(2)\\) is closed under taking quotients; in fact one can find a counter-example to show that Theorem 1 is false. In the proof of Corollary 3 of the paper, the author has used the consequence of Theorem 1 that every finite \\(\\overline{\\mathcal U}_k(2)\\)-group is nilpotent and the reviewer doubts whether Corollary 3 is true.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn Lemma 7 it is proved that every \\({\\mathcal W}^*_k\\)-group is restrained (a group \\(G\\) is said to be restrained if \\(\\langle x\\rangle^{\\langle y\\rangle}\\) is finitely generated for all \\(x,y\\in G\\). If there is a bound on the number of generators of \\(\\langle x\\rangle^{\\langle y\\rangle}\\), then \\(G\\) is called strongly restrained.) The author in the proof of Theorem 4 based on the proof of Lemma 7 says that every \\(\\overline{\\mathcal W}^*_k\\)-group is strongly restrained, but the proof of Lemma 7 does not imply the latter claim and the reviewer doubts if it is true. Anyway, one can show, by another argument, that Theorem 4 remains true.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINESome of the results of the paper have been proved with different methods by \\textit{A. Abdollahi} and \\textit{N. Trabelsi}, Quelques extensions d'un probl\u00e8me de Paul Erd\u0151s sur les groupes [to appear in Bull. Belg. Math. 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