{"entities":{"Q2773548":{"pageid":2784286,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2773548","lastrevid":83184662,"modified":"2026-05-07T06:33:08Z","type":"item","id":"Q2773548","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"String links and Whitehead torsion."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1710186"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$5DDC2E55-C1BB-47C2-A7D8-D3E640E940ED","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"dba7852b08134adc4f33cfe6c7a74c13a23f251a","datavalue":{"value":"1034.19001","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$799ED7B0-A720-40AD-A8BA-534DE33B2472","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"adbf910e60150f9e1f6bce8fe29989870e9530c5","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-02-24T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$A15B608F-4800-4E77-9464-6390669AE266","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"93865ad4799bedf3a35dfb303a09f370b925e09a","datavalue":{"value":"http://smf4.emath.fr/Publications/Bulletin/129/html/smf_bull_129_215-235.html","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$3A797547-372C-4FE1-9AE8-70024F7B0B8F","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cfa2c91b10f30155e42c23ba83349e21265a794b","datavalue":{"value":"19B28","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$DA5FD30E-702B-4C1F-AEC0-BD2C65E0A76F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4f912cc4f5542455896ae293f2d98d28b2477a66","datavalue":{"value":"57M25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$16A2CC2D-BE6A-4E6E-97D3-AFE526C4119F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"28eb67c29813b35faa78a6433a377e4d59f52ef9","datavalue":{"value":"57Q10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$F7EC08EE-8229-45A8-B91D-909066963C75","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"300168abd7d2631ade07973cb44c22057873d841","datavalue":{"value":"1710186","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$9AB4C171-B5F6-4379-B43F-02870FA9C17F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b2f2511638feaf582499997bcfb80e2c14d3727f","datavalue":{"value":"knots","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$A4E77AB5-F923-433B-94C9-898FD9C926F3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"24e4773691263eb86247d25080773ee458deb6f6","datavalue":{"value":"string links","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$9816FA05-116B-480C-BD57-A71F1B5B83D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"453cf9058e86ad4d456416ef426bb5c67d927426","datavalue":{"value":"Whitehead torsion","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$E68F1152-A8A9-47EE-A537-ADDD3E4077D6","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"193c08554eb2677164f3b0a4047fbe1005e31e76","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1266760,"id":"Q1266760"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$BD766C0B-A216-4FE7-92AF-5172AEEB4655","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$CAEC607A-E2CA-4B81-8974-06974E9709B8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b7b41505b955d6479a292fc051fb4b118f9846b6","datavalue":{"value":"W2510436202","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$E1A837CC-5534-45C8-8E0F-46F9EC7DF2D7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"8d959db5472bbca960e07a91d6fc39939738fc23","datavalue":{"value":"10.24033/BSMF.2395","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$A9EFEDD3-58EF-427C-A190-B4D2F08AA956","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"de0fd9008cbd62e515ffcaefc77364179c66e5ad","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"String links and Whitehead torsion.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$CF4EC979-CBD2-41C2-B462-9101487A6247","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"d15642008a34b3c4f9e06901aafd0fdcfd7d18ca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6768185,"id":"Q6768185"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$D7CDE3B7-9DE9-4983-B5CB-A252E9C86CAA","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"88bfa9e92b5d61d1738d4112f88826f2e1f6c925","datavalue":{"value":"This paper uses a refinement of Whitehead torsion to obtain invariants for string links. Let \\(\\pi\\) be a group and suppose NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE C: \\dots \\longrightarrow C_1 \\longrightarrow C_0 \\longrightarrow 0 NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE is a chain complex of free \\(\\mathbb Z \\pi\\)-modules such that all the \\(C_i\\) are finitely generated free with a given basis. If \\(C\\) is acyclic, then one can define the torsion \\(\\tau (C) \\in\\) Wh\\((\\pi)\\). This paper deals with cases when \\(C\\) is not acyclic. Suppose \\(B\\) is a ring with the property that \\(B^p \\cong B^q\\) as \\(B\\)-modules implies \\(p=q\\). The author defines the concept of an acyclic representation \\(\\rho:\\mathbb Z \\pi \\to B\\), and then sets \\(K_{\\rho}(B) = K_1(B)/\\rho(\\pm \\pi)\\), which he calls the Milnor group of \\(\\rho\\). In this situation one has a well defined \\(\\rho\\)-torsion \\(\\tau_{\\rho}(C) \\in K_{\\rho}(B)\\), even if \\(C\\) is not acyclic.NEWLINENEWLINE Let \\(E\\) be an \\(n\\)-component string link in \\(D^2 \\times I\\) with exterior \\(X\\) and let \\(X_0 = X \\cap D^2 \\times 0\\), and let \\(\\pi = \\pi_1(X)\\). Then in general the cellular \\(\\mathbb Z \\pi\\)-chain complex \\(\\widetilde C\\) associated to \\((X,X_0)\\) will not be acyclic. However \\(\\tau_{\\rho}(\\widetilde C)\\) for many representations \\(\\rho: \\pi \\to \\Lambda\\) will still be well defined. Various interesting examples are considered using what the author calls ``universal representations'', in some cases with computer help.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$DD7FC578-111C-4026-A6CE-43718CBB0130","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"125a175a4b2ae0d25a48b70cbf856c7a788a38fb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181844,"id":"Q181844"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2773548$6F35EDDD-B2B4-455A-AB90-2F07B9BD10A3","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dbb0dd11f9741aab940b1d115a1cad84a27caf82","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1585064,"id":"Q1585064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"232c110a4b71c8827de7ae4d1e21b3eaba3b29e9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7543078660964966","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2773548$BAA38138-8737-4354-AD94-CA3BB43A6442","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0486466dfe12537230b8fe35fb0b02b1913aa4f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4265968,"id":"Q4265968"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"232c110a4b71c8827de7ae4d1e21b3eaba3b29e9","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7543078660964966","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2773548$3DC2910C-6A27-4A58-A4FF-2B9AF2B838EE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a45cacac7301d1c5a4a1f063eb36ea3eae14d6e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3738263,"id":"Q3738263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"718429ea304fe22f4b99cd5ca6fb9e342536bd60","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7537848949432373","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2773548$23AD1540-00ED-4DB5-91D8-776BD5959866","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5a2d49e227690469a30b2fcce476a779d03b6f4d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3484036,"id":"Q3484036"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3a2f208df429906aa511852e3c554b35cbb934eb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7365016937255859","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2773548$49D0D0E2-FA23-44AD-8AE5-3D0AD4A031E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b921fe8e7c9318f60f6ccfd4f77295f69ba859b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1118207,"id":"Q1118207"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"198ce02efa5d161d7277f4813599a759d1373830","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7330295443534851","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2773548$9BA48BB6-E061-440B-9415-23FE69594550","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"String links and Whitehead torsion.","badges":[]}}}}}