{"entities":{"Q2781409":{"pageid":2792147,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2781409","lastrevid":47762074,"modified":"2026-01-02T15:18:25Z","type":"item","id":"Q2781409","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Orthogonal polynomials and quadratic extremal problems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1721152"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$ED0A664A-B3FE-44AD-AEA3-6DBBE7471659","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"12fa6d92144a925c47dcfdc80fc85aa39741c487","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Orthogonal polynomials and quadratic extremal problems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$9A25F84C-0C1D-42FC-B1F3-0FF1ABC228E8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"60d12f59079bd9f69c44dad9c0b452a2f80a887f","datavalue":{"value":"1006.30026","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$EAA8E5AD-7313-4796-8BB4-57E905872DA2","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"e573fda44b230594504b9ec325bee78985c7939c","datavalue":{"value":"10.1090/S0002-9947-02-02960-4","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$482FC215-ECE5-4ECB-812C-F8668CE06BFB","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"35a723b853aaecfaa4753a4c2f5a6c7754f7b1cc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":555851,"id":"Q555851"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$698E3571-4744-4A4D-9807-E6A88FC47BB2","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"df8563a34b35a91e952c14424ba2e926e2255a87","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":559399,"id":"Q559399"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$2FC72678-F915-4601-B0AD-CB30F8CEF239","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"09a65dcece05039203ce03236409dca56b9f1271","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2002-03-19T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$DCC25CB8-B1DF-48EB-B507-A04938D83E52","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4a99db28360d5507f29ee6b788798634cceb52f2","datavalue":{"value":"30D55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$F8DB6DD0-BE3F-4DBB-9D87-BD05D32B40B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b9ecacc3c387b9df37c03aa0bdbce24884f8eb18","datavalue":{"value":"31C25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$12904013-7BE3-4F02-812D-E43E74CD9652","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"374ebc4107d8dd6c3b5fb49f82033923a071363d","datavalue":{"value":"30A10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$1DC71D5F-B849-4B0A-B3EF-23807AF0E62C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0582a11cd91bee5fb0e516ec28b7e777c918d03b","datavalue":{"value":"33C45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$4D9DCEDF-03D6-40EB-9E06-DDC7E298F8EC","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"211e678620e1e40babcffe40a506c7b18a1f5eb4","datavalue":{"value":"1721152","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$52E62A2C-27AA-4AA1-8AEE-5B33C97369CF","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$87F7957C-0FD1-42F5-BE4A-34A12DD044B1","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"29248682b81e211947e9e861221eebb0f1477e85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4170993,"id":"Q4170993"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$0D480985-2C20-4754-81DF-A69788A2F72D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cd4730ca79cdd306e3142672440e183fbe29e27f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5830771,"id":"Q5830771"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$EDC36A93-1218-4533-AA03-0D5D7233D6FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3d50a0b3dbdf04152f0690f4b01ff8f0bc7433e9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4189686,"id":"Q4189686"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$19C2C490-DE5B-417B-9E1B-50BBE7D90D92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"333dec75c395f56f00fa16245a39b7005e0baeed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4866921,"id":"Q4866921"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$71E8E9E0-E688-4852-8BB0-28B3C6598BA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"066fd8a27c7711365a2222595fcf378a860793ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5571194,"id":"Q5571194"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$3E1C9710-DF18-4754-8EE6-B775CCE2A6D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60dd2e9375ac9f555d0da8d07cf958a4ef5fad8b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4340096,"id":"Q4340096"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$376CBC2E-92DC-44A5-AE90-DECEDB48D820","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9966cbf29c91675934fedfee7e19614dbd0e560a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4720052,"id":"Q4720052"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$7175D4AE-7F43-4361-8907-7BD290AC8A11","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f55ab8957be9a03a8e229591da25522e47199163","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5846799,"id":"Q5846799"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$BCFE5B27-7A1E-4DCD-9C0F-4ADBAE28E037","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"ffb12fbe92eb77f7857ce78df66a1787f931fa0e","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\}\\) be a sequence of positive numbers. The Hilbert space \\({\\mathcal H}(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\) is the set of all functions \\(f(z)= \\sum a_n z^n\\) analytic in the unit disk \\(\\Delta\\) such that NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\|f\\|_{\\mathcal H}= \\Biggl(\\sum^\\infty_{n=0} \\varepsilon_n|a_n|^2\\Biggr)^{{1\\over 2}}< \\infty.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE As some special cases, \\({\\mathcal H}(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\) is the Hardy \\(H^2\\) space when \\(\\varepsilon_n= 1\\), the Dirichlet space when \\(\\varepsilon_n= n+1\\), and the Bergman space when \\(\\varepsilon_n= (n+ 1)^{-1}\\). For \\(\\{\\alpha_n\\}\\) a real sequence and \\(f(z)= \\sum a_n z^n\\in{\\mathcal H}(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\), define NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\phi(f)= \\text{Re }{1\\over\\pi} \\int_\\Delta \\overline{f(z)} f'(z) dx dy+ \\sum^\\infty_{n= 0} \\alpha_n\\varepsilon_n|a_n|^2.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE In the special case where \\(\\{\\alpha_n\\}\\) is the constant sequence \\(\\{c\\}\\), define NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\phi_c(f)= \\text{Re }{1\\over\\pi} \\overline{f(z)} f'(z) dx dy+ c\\sum^\\infty_{n=0} \\varepsilon_n|a_n|^2.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Let \\(\\ell^2(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\) be the space of all complex sequences \\({\\mathbf a}= \\{a_n\\}\\) such that \\(\\|{\\mathbf a}\\|^2= \\sum \\varepsilon_n|a_n|^2< \\infty\\). Define a matrix \\(A= (d_{i,j})\\), where \\(d_{i,i}= \\alpha_i\\), \\(d_{i,i-1}= d_{i,i+1}= (2\\varepsilon_i)^{-1}\\), and \\(d_{i,j}= 0\\) otherwise, \\(0\\leq i, j< \\infty\\), and, for \\({\\mathbf a}\\in\\ell^2(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\), \\(\\|{\\mathbf a}\\|> 0\\), define NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Phi({\\mathbf a})= {\\langle A{\\mathbf a},{\\mathbf a}\\rangle\\over \\langle{\\mathbf a},{\\mathbf a}\\rangle}= {\\text{Re } \\sum^\\infty_{n=0} \\overline{a_n}a_{n+1}+ \\sum^\\infty_{n=0} \\varepsilon_n \\alpha_n|a_n|^2\\over \\|{\\mathbf a}\\|^2}.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE It is shown that the functionals \\(\\phi\\) and \\(\\Phi\\) are bounded if and only if both \\(\\{\\alpha_n\\}\\) is a bounded sequence and \\(\\liminf_{n\\to\\infty} \\varepsilon_{n-1} \\varepsilon_n> 0\\), and both \\(\\phi\\) and \\(\\Phi\\) have the same local and global extreme values on the unit spheres of \\(F{\\mathcal H}(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\) and \\(\\ell^2(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\), respectively. Further, \\(\\phi\\) attains an extreme value at \\(g(z)= \\sum b_n z^n\\in{\\mathcal H}(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\) if and only if \\(\\Phi\\) attains the same extreme value at \\(C\\{b_n\\}\\in \\ell^2(\\{\\varepsilon_n\\})\\), where \\(C\\) is such that \\(C\\|\\{b_n\\}\\|= 1\\). Extrema are studied by introducing the idea of a critical value and critical point. If \\(\\lambda\\) is a real number such that the recurrence relation NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEa_{n+1}= 2\\varepsilon_n a_n(\\lambda- \\alpha_n)- a_{n-1},\\quad n\\geq 0,\\quad a_{-1}= 0,NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE is satisfied, then \\({\\mathbf a}= \\{a_n\\}\\) is called a critical point for \\(\\Phi\\) and \\(\\Phi({\\mathbf a})= \\lambda\\) is called a critical value of \\(\\Phi\\). It is shown that \\({\\mathbf a}\\) is a critical point for \\(\\Phi\\) corresponding to the critical value \\(\\lambda\\) if \\({\\mathbf a}\\) is an eigenvector of the matrix \\(A\\) corresponding to the eigenvalue \\(\\lambda\\). Various other results are obtained, including significant connections to orthogonal polynomials. Among the results shown are that \\(\\phi_c\\) attains neither maximum nor minimum values in the unit sphere of \\(H^2\\) for \\(|c|\\leq{1\\over 2}\\). For \\(|c|>{1\\over 2}\\), \\(\\phi_c\\) assumes a single extreme value, which is \\(c+ (4c)^{-1}\\), and this value is attained for the rational function \\(F(z)= C{2c\\over 2c- z}\\), where \\(C\\) is chosen so that \\(\\|F\\|_{H^2}= 1\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$F21E4917-6716-4E41-AEAD-064DF3221D6F","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"186469fd7d939ab031ed164eaf27591aee2625d6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":226872,"id":"Q226872"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2781409$010550DE-69EF-49F5-9631-8C4744F63848","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c0944d24a3e789e19334322fa2556ea1548b4c47","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5896263,"id":"Q5896263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"de1d5ef877dc57da2cd08644e1b7171e6cde9f44","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7919018268585205","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2781409$89652EA6-D59A-48E8-980F-56DC42D32361","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2459a13314923bc0947723061107b0b89cbcb71f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4432553,"id":"Q4432553"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"284f38f2df401b7ed186b26e9ccd579bb8c3cfe6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7874079346656799","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2781409$3730BB01-2F87-4707-96A6-D9D68464D372","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"623d826e13bb01d4765de2834dd55f0f0bd1f444","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4009784,"id":"Q4009784"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eae491e79135bedbbee3ce8708ce756f8ff01c3d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7795262336730957","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2781409$6D43249D-36BA-45A8-8E6D-8D86717DFA92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c36833a07c95b71b8398448766104f1e427d8a4f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2400730,"id":"Q2400730"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ed57285afdc5bd2131e00d18a58a999df2c1db32","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7784655690193176","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2781409$54906AEF-76FF-4A56-A5A9-67E4F0319D04","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"126c745cea95336e08bd1fc4539aa3c3083b3402","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6112937,"id":"Q6112937"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3866d6f85f4dd30462d7c46edeb7e5e04cdf5ce","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7764116525650024","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2781409$2CE62400-3FAD-456E-9B50-17C89990EE2D","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2781409","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2781409"}}}}}