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the Lie ideals of \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebras","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2835241$C3A81F02-9BE9-4A57-A0F4-04B405A7C57E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"471f467e7afffaeee0a467beb54370af1e677501","datavalue":{"value":"This paper contains an introduction and the four sections 1. From pure algebra to \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebras; 2. Nilpotents and polynomials; 3. Finite sums and sums of products; 4. Similarity invariance and the span of \\(N_2\\). Recall that a Lie ideal of a \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra \\(A\\) is a subspace \\(L\\) of \\(A\\) such that \\([L, A]\\subset L\\), where \\([L, A]\\) is generated by additive commutators \\([x, y]=xy-yx\\) for elements \\(x \\in L\\) and \\(y \\in A\\). Recall also that the Pedersen ideal of a \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra is the smallest dense two-sided ideal of the \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra. Considered in Section 1 are several properties involving commutator ideals such as \\([L, L]\\) and \\([A, A]\\), Lie ideals, Pedersen ideals, and (associated) closed two-sided ideals. Namely, an ideal theory is obtained. Recall that the set of nilpotent elements of a \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra \\(A\\) of order \\(k\\) is denoted by \\(N_k\\). Then the closed linear subspace (denoted by \\([N_k]\\) here) generated by \\(N_k\\) is a Lie ideal of \\(A\\). Considered in Section 2 are several properties for \\([N_k]\\) as well as the Lie ideal \\([f(A)]\\), where \\(f(A)\\) consists of polynomials \\(f(x_1, \\dots, x_n)\\) with \\(x_1, \\dots, x_n \\in A\\), where \\(f\\) is a polynomial with a finite number \\(n\\) of variables with coefficients in \\(\\mathbb C\\). It is obtained and shown as a conclusion of Theorem 3.6 that there is a finite number \\(n\\) such that every element of a unital \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra with the closure of \\([P, A]\\) equal to \\(A\\), with \\(P\\) the set of projections of \\(A\\), can be expressed as a linear combination of \\(n\\) projections and \\(n\\) products of two projections. As another conclusion, there is a finite number \\(k\\) such that every commutator \\([x, y]\\) for \\(x, y \\in A\\) can be expressed as a linear combination of \\(k\\) projections. It is obtained and shown as a conclusion of Theorem 4.2 that, if a \\(C^\\ast\\)-algebra \\(A\\) has no one-dimensional representations, then the linear subspace generated by \\(SN_2^c\\) is equal to the commutator \\([\\mathrm{Pd}(A), \\mathrm{Pd}(A)]\\) of the Pedersen ideal \\(\\mathrm{Pd}(A)\\) of \\(A\\), where \\(N_2^c\\) is a certain dense subset of \\(N_2\\) and \\(SN_2^c\\) is a certain union with respect to \\(N_2^c\\). If, in addition, \\(A\\) is unital, then the linear subspace generated by \\(N_2\\) is \\([A, A]\\). Furthermore, in the unital case, there is a finite number \\(k\\) such that any commutator \\([x, y]\\) in \\(A\\) is a sum of at most \\(k\\) square zero elements.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2835241$E0978098-CF8E-48B7-903F-C9326631BB24","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"9b441f2ea0569ab7b1c8dbb2d66c1931f905acfa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":233241,"id":"Q233241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2835241$1DA84358-9CEF-4082-AEE1-C8FE93F2A41D","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dae500df0677790323a35a755292fd82480ed24f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2837102,"id":"Q2837102"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7bcb56a1a2bf99c73d54f6d5cb07addf07e726e5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8442485928535461","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2835241$A3F9D0EC-F696-4C88-987C-36487EB0E8AC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"8759bc34df42dff1f6456aa14e50a650eaa2013e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3542073,"id":"Q3542073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7b22c2254b5ac751836044acdce0782eeba960e7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.805381715297699","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2835241$7C562DA4-4C6E-451D-B447-2CE8286C54A1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0fe4fcc5ecede1120e5546125744e0e1f9e25dfd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4431114,"id":"Q4431114"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a9c391537c173cb3357545ec9470f0669ded8ce2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7961395382881165","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2835241$E73DB237-C793-4C82-B77A-DA3B6EC3BE71","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e8ee27228a5b09a3185452d3ace6470187b9550e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4583584,"id":"Q4583584"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6704e0831c4218e3b2e148e198074fbd2a6e29c5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7952396273612976","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2835241$E2390B04-7049-4E61-B518-FC6E2C864EA3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a04a53049167fc35962d6473b9460779cec5d5ff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1898017,"id":"Q1898017"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e917e73b94219370f3cd2d5c41b964fa02c64477","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7933209538459778","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2835241$B0962673-FABA-4E8E-89BF-7E7E4823C602","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2835241","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2835241"}}}}}