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paper concerns the Eilenberg-MacLane homology of surface diffeomorphism groups. As an application of the main theorem, the author affirmatively answers a question posed by \\textit{S. Morita} [Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 74, 329--354 (2006; Zbl 1304.57030)] concerning the non-triviality of certain secondary characteristic classes for foliations. As another result naturally related to the study in the main theorem, a version of Harer stability for surface diffeomorphism groups in homology of small degree, is obtained.NEWLINENEWLINELet \\(\\Sigma_{g}\\) denote a closed oriented surface of genus \\(g\\) and \\(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g})\\) the group of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms of \\(\\Sigma_{g}\\) with the discrete topology. Morita's question is the following: Is the map \\(H_{3}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g}))\\rightarrow\\mathbb{R}^{2}\\) induced by \\(u_{1}c_{1}^{2}\\) and \\(u_{1}c_{2}\\) a surjective for every \\(g\\)? Here, the map is defined as characteristic classes in \\(H^{3}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g});\\mathbb{R})=H^{3}(B\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g});\\mathbb{R})\\) by integrating \\(u_{1}c_{1}^{2}, u_{1}c_{2}\\in H^{5}(E\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g});\\mathbb{R})\\) along the fibres. The main theorem is as follows: For any inclusion \\(D^{2}\\subset S^{2}\\) the induced homomorphism \\(H_{k}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(D^{2});\\mathbb{Q})\\rightarrow H_{k}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(S^{2});\\mathbb{Q})\\) is an isomorphism for \\(0\\leq k\\leq 2\\) and surjective for \\(k=3\\). Here, \\(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(D^{2})\\) denotes the group of the diffeomorphisms of \\(D^{2}\\) each of which support contained in the interior of \\(D^{2}\\). By this theorem and \\textit{O. H. Rasmussen}'s affirmative answer to Morita's question for \\(S^{2}\\) [Topology 19, 335--349 (1980; Zbl 0443.57021)], the author obtains the affirmative answer for the general case. In fact, since the map \\(H_{3}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(D^{2}))\\rightarrow\\mathbb{R}^{2}\\) factors through \\(H_{3}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(S^{2}))\\), it is surjective by Rasmussen's result. It also factors through \\(H_{3}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{+}(\\Sigma_{g}))\\), which yields the affirmative answer.NEWLINENEWLINEThe author also obtains a version of Harer stability. Let \\(\\Sigma^{1}_{g}\\) denote a compact oriented surface of genus \\(g\\) with one boundary component and \\(\\Gamma^{1}_{g}\\) the mapping class group of diffeomorphisms with support in the interior of \\(\\Sigma^{1}_{g}\\) modulo isotopy. The author proves the natural inclusion \\(\\Sigma^{1}_{g}\\hookrightarrow\\Sigma^{1}_{g+1}\\) induces an isomorphism \\(H_{k}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(\\Sigma^{1}_{g});\\mathbb{Q})\\rightarrow H_{k}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(\\Sigma^{1}_{g+1});\\mathbb{Q})\\) for \\(k\\leq 3\\) and \\(g\\geq 8\\). Furthermore, the rank of the image of \\(H_{4}(\\mathrm{Diff}^{\\delta}_{c}(\\Sigma^{1}_{g});\\mathbb{Q})\\) in \\(H_{4}(\\Gamma^{1}_{g};\\mathbb{Q})\\) is independent of \\(g\\) for \\(g\\geq 8\\). An implication of the second half of this theorem is the following: the non-triviality of the image of the second Mumford-Morita-Miller class in \\(H^{4}(\\Gamma^{1}_{g})\\) is independent of \\(g\\) if \\(g\\geq 8\\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe proofs are given by calculating the spectral sequence converging to \\(H_{*}(B\\overline{\\mathrm{Diff}_{c}(S)})\\) whose \\(E^{2}\\)-term is \\(H_{p}(S;H_{q}(B\\overline{\\mathrm{Diff}_{c}(\\mathbb{R}^{2})}))\\), where \\(S\\) denotes a surface, and the Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence associated with the natural short exact sequence \\(1\\rightarrow\\mathrm{Diff}_{c, 0}(\\Sigma^{1}_{g})\\rightarrow\\mathrm{Diff}_{c}(\\Sigma^{1}_{g})\\rightarrow\\Gamma^{1}_{g}\\rightarrow 1\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2845069$9C897748-9B84-4889-93C2-57E8F8C7C8CE","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"6a5ef90abe0a26906bb50f1d7ee3b12412400c4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":210714,"id":"Q210714"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2845069$248E6A77-794E-4A84-A8F2-5C6CAEC44AFC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"67cafe79ee4b700fb4806eceae9da2d08f799789","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2402863,"id":"Q2402863"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"801b3b527767573e2623bb1921e1719cb8b2a9a8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8369065523147583","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2845069$385C1A51-88CF-414A-955C-C6BE06AA2FD9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"79c73636300a9a9c49ef39a2cb8de83542e70940","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5939846,"id":"Q5939846"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4631e2188e4936883b0ca272d37b6f554e03c00b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8288514018058777","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2845069$DD30A3AA-09BA-4C26-AE93-BAA43C0A19F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2144a1c2aa2203b3e2918d30c25482d6632bec2f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2411357,"id":"Q2411357"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1873af757e106df0f2243021570ffa86d54f5d1b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7869186401367188","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2845069$BA83B280-F17F-4DA7-AA48-84AAACCDF7AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6226cddd84c591f3a9ffa738f1b15b139f731bf6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2950765,"id":"Q2950765"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"35b5c3865762554273d7b599fadcf3f40c65689f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.77619469165802","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2845069$69E14F5B-94A5-4128-BECA-9AB6A47808D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ca81aabd995b0d78b24ea0cf0df53223edd4bbcc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2208493,"id":"Q2208493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"aee5ada875da34235c5c8628013cf767dfcfed37","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7719681859016418","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2845069$A0E10C7B-E88D-489C-9EF3-3929EF1FB836","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The 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