{"entities":{"Q2847338":{"pageid":2858058,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2847338","lastrevid":58037175,"modified":"2026-04-03T13:33:07Z","type":"item","id":"Q2847338","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Duality and traces for indexed monoidal categories"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6205522"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$C8BFA84F-5C34-4695-B8E0-2260FB7767CE","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"0bda9587fbf9964f75555f965b0b2c7ef9083724","datavalue":{"value":"1275.18019","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$A80D60B9-A09A-455D-BA24-B48EF2202878","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"0aec988e4b31ab0b3fd008867fb1fbedfd6f4bff","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":246332,"id":"Q246332"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$BA6B934A-9C7C-444D-8B1E-BAF7A5AC9A65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6b6b5517daf92074ca4ec69b5950b3864e976ad6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1024457,"id":"Q1024457"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$3CC0970D-41FB-4903-A7FD-E3B16FBAC000","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"88c047150e90eaeb91d20cf51fd19317d500afb9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-09-04T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$FF88F04B-C5C6-4410-8BA2-E18AE2B32D7B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"73b0c7fc0f5400dc7af0b93b9bce7e3f3c40ac98","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.1555","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$E95A5E35-C65F-41AF-BDFD-A697AE50D9C6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"4322d7623cc12aa51751cc5c99f22b7fbee17195","datavalue":{"value":"http://www.emis.de/journals/TAC/volumes/26/23/26-23abs.html","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$FF8E5D2D-DDF1-4716-9968-A5D55CCB2DA0","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c14a2d39bd509619e0ac8d311921ec01e67678bf","datavalue":{"value":"18M10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$0A84C849-05AE-47F6-B7B6-D30B377C94FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c657f97db498141a0eda8604b03a45e60e36ed76","datavalue":{"value":"18D30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$397D1C9D-B6F5-44DE-A1DF-9F0F868B584D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9182fe72874242a6deecfe62c63bbf9bfe31c485","datavalue":{"value":"18M05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$AB0D0C17-CB17-4B80-AB48-FDBF4DBC72DD","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"08eaf050727a984c81944a11873e969e1f81f022","datavalue":{"value":"6205522","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$6D8E037D-C3AB-49DD-B241-2C898A75AA43","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d1ecf978a28e5d1baefdbd10dbc4f102a6158a13","datavalue":{"value":"duality","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$54788A2F-7DF0-4A32-8976-F67DA5D0913D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c49916021edccb418deb9b5c9398917147892e7c","datavalue":{"value":"trace","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$D4156577-57A8-414B-8F14-A401D20A8970","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4fd3ac1520877b376a20ec113028993130e619df","datavalue":{"value":"monoidal category","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$762B284F-99D9-4F74-BB5C-E48246B2192F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"20191056124fb18dcaf483711980ec162d497d65","datavalue":{"value":"indexed category","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$1E0F9648-56D8-4E8A-AD26-4729BA9DE6CE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d1fd030d103ec5af617bfc5cf04b1dcff098c5f0","datavalue":{"value":"Lefschetz number","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$FC0A1F4D-6019-424E-A784-FDB4FEF3A649","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a3ff73f6ab142ba0f9c2d554da20d98c5f70c521","datavalue":{"value":"Reidemeister trace","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$60928BEA-0D7D-4821-A873-F3D71C2B278C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$A996A6CB-318F-44CB-9D6B-884BEF7A46DE","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0ae377fcb608706651cd0f3a3525b1e10aa1f3ce","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":404679,"id":"Q404679"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a5c4bb6ac1e18f19d91593fef6902d5ec0ce8c96","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7650358","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$BB127F52-4956-4D98-8D13-FBD3B2BAE431","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e0a86d706ca56324fb42bbdef7a66388cfc9a9ea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5739946,"id":"Q5739946"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8cbf50de3d76ef03b5162f05e1e616e000359e59","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7302589","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$C33BBE3A-D38C-4255-969A-B69B2C1122DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c690f48f59c82a6d238f140dfaf672fab47d4a35","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2453568,"id":"Q2453568"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2b9155ff04d51fb9dfe7a4414b3ff635ac3f91b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7170783","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$413573A8-F270-4D34-BEB0-AD788A09CE1A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"009b1e4577dc2636229a088f74161d4fcb0a4cde","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":382402,"id":"Q382402"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b505fa516474261eb1df1105e714f20ff3eef108","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7131982","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$A33F0CD4-1A1B-438C-9C75-0CA5F364F0E8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4760bf81d65ccb5168b4935cef51f297f2d22b7f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4460686,"id":"Q4460686"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2b5ce1cc38ce41ff3a1c9a5e634a44a882eaf918","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69840384","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$6BA2B4D5-8A93-405A-949D-E5AFCD104AEE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6253ea31cacf7d509f7f748d62cfdc97eedd305e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5021380,"id":"Q5021380"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"11ecefeaee66d9489100e8d0845fbbc4c625ffee","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69049233","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$AEB56083-BEFF-462B-9714-9DF24B1E3073","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1a2c60905dfbff55dd927c5f9308f5ecc41b243f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5971391,"id":"Q5971391"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"86e0bafdb0d7cc79b8f198f1051295aa5a3a59de","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.689803","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$2E224093-0A1D-4703-9E35-C4DBFAF31ABD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"739cdc17befc307727091b7600c5620adb13fc05","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4877674,"id":"Q4877674"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f679d696562c0ab13f5653702896287a449945e2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68896496","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$A6C26122-4AE5-4C10-891B-47B49EF4205D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ad7bcdba68fdfb77898ed2bff10ee98b82b7243a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6083168,"id":"Q6083168"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5f28665152d27753c477fad8ae6890527387582b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6868459","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$C5184A53-4C5D-4D66-BD31-6147444D4E31","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cfc386a0089a551ecd6d4a8fea3cffad8ac7bd13","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2841358,"id":"Q2841358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e66bd11efa208e53b83cd14fe90bc1fed34067ca","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68621963","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2847338$7B3E0D8D-1FED-43C7-A6DB-04D3756FBEFE","rank":"normal"}],"P1633":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1633","hash":"5a00cbe0e50cbe00d8aae8fba4d3bd1e9a8589e4","datavalue":{"value":"bafkreieyhvuny2hxtiibzn77iitz74puk7sfimmzz7x3lwytptf6y36dmy","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$C6085DDF-1829-4895-B1F7-E49F223AC9B4","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b1e4e8a65d6d2549f07d6677d3590520ce6e4e33","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Duality and traces for indexed monoidal categories","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$95823E09-AD46-427D-B9C1-8125B0599400","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"06b1e008340f04c1e2c29991be66793881c442d7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6499416,"id":"Q6499416"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$CC182E4C-7869-484E-A06A-3E297D50E10F","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e8b4f40b374208a126130daa459fb44f98ec031a","datavalue":{"value":"It is well known [\\textit{A. Dold} and \\textit{D. Puppe}, in: Geometric topology, Proc. int. Conf., Warszawa 1978, 81--102 (1980; Zbl 0473.55008); Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 154, 85--103 (1985; Zbl 0556.55006); \\textit{A. Joyal} et al., Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 119, No. 3, 447--468 (1996; Zbl 0845.18005); \\textit{G. M. Kelly} and \\textit{M. L. Laplaza}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 19, 193--213 (1980; Zbl 0447.18005)] that in any symmetric monoidal category, there are useful intrinsic notions of \\textit{duality} and \\textit{trace}. NEWLINENEWLINEThis paper presents an abstract framework for constructing traces in \\textit{indexed} symmetric monoidal categories, which gives rise to the Reidenmeister trace as a particular example. An indexed monoidal category is a family of symmetric monoidal category \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}\\), one for each object \\(A\\) of a cartesian monoidal base category \\(\\mathbf{S}\\), equipped with base change functors indexed by the morphisms of \\(\\mathbf{S}\\). The following three are primary examples in this paper.NEWLINENEWLINE\\begin{itemize}NEWLINE\\item[1.] \\(\\mathbf{S}=\\) sets, \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}=A\\)-indexed families of abelian groups.NEWLINE\\item[2.] \\(\\mathbf{S}=\\) topological spaces, \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}=\\) spectra parametrized over \\(A\\).NEWLINE\\item[3.] \\(\\mathbf{S}=\\) sets, \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}=A\\)-indexed families of abelian groups.NEWLINE\\end{itemize}NEWLINENEWLINEIn any such context one can consider duality and trace in the individual symmetric monoidal category \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}\\), i.e., \\textit{fiberwise} [\\textit{J. P. May} and \\textit{J. Sigurdsson}, Parametrized homotopy theory. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2006; Zbl 1119.55001)]. The first main result in this paper, which is stated in \\S 6 and is established in \\S 11, goes as follows.NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1. If \\(M\\in\\mathcal{C}^{A}\\) is a fiberwise dualizable and \\(f:M\\rightarrow M\\) is any endomorphism, then the symmetric monoidal trace of \\(f\\) factors as a compositeNEWLINE\\[NEWLINEI_{A}\\rightarrow(\\pi_{A})^{\\ast}\\langle \\langle A\\rangle \\rangle \\xrightarrow{\\mathrm{tr}(\\widehat{f})} I_{A}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINENEWLINETrace-like information such as fixed point invariants can be extracted from an endomorphism \\(f:M\\rightarrow M\\) in some cartesian monoidal category \\(\\mathbf{S}\\) such as sets, groupoids or spaces, where a non-cartesian monoidal category \\(\\mathbf{C}\\) such as abelian groups, chain complexes or spectra can be chosen, a functor \\(\\Sigma:\\mathbf{S}\\rightarrow \\mathbf{C}\\) such as the free abelian group or suspension spectrum is applied, and the symmetric monoidal trace \\(\\Sigma(f)\\) in \\(\\mathbf{C}\\) is considered. In most examples where this is done, there is actually an indexed symmetric monoidal category over \\(\\mathbf{S}\\) such that \\(\\mathbf{C}=\\mathcal{C}^{\\ast}\\) is the category indexed by the terminal object of \\(\\mathbf{S}\\), and \\(\\Sigma(A)\\) is the pushforward to \\(\\mathcal{C}^{\\ast}\\) of the unit object of \\(\\mathcal{C}^{A}\\). The second main result in this paper, which is established in \\S 8, goes as follows.NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 2. If \\(I_{A}\\) is totally dualizable [\\textit{S. R. Costenoble} and \\textit{S. Waner}, Equivariant ordinary homology and cohomology. Cham: Springer (2016; Zbl 1362.55001); \\textit{J. P. May} and \\textit{J. Sigurdsson}, Parametrized homotopy theory. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2006; Zbl 1119.55001)] and \\(f:M\\rightarrow M\\) is an endomorphism in \\(\\mathbf{S}\\), then the symmetric monoidal trace of \\(\\Sigma(f)\\) factors as a compositeNEWLINE\\[NEWLINEI_{\\ast}\\xrightarrow{\\mathrm{tr}(\\check{f})} \\langle \\langle A_{f}\\rangle \\rangle \\rightarrow I_{\\ast}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINENEWLINEThe \\textit{transfer} of \\(f\\), which is a map \\(I_{\\ast}\\rightarrow \\Sigma(A)\\), is the trace of the compositeNEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Sigma(A)\\xrightarrow{\\Sigma(f)} \\Sigma(A)\\xrightarrow{\\Sigma(\\Delta_{A})} \\Sigma(A)\\otimes\\Sigma(A)NEWLINE\\]NEWLINEThe third main result in this paper, which is established in \\S 8, goes as follows.NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 3. In the situation of the above theorem, the transfer of \\(f\\) factors as a compositeNEWLINE\\[NEWLINEI_{\\ast}\\xrightarrow{\\mathrm{tr}(\\check{f})} \\langle \\langle A_{f}\\rangle \\rangle \\rightarrow \\Sigma(A)NEWLINE\\]NEWLINENEWLINE\\S \\S 9--10 are devoted to string diagram calculus for indexed monoidal categories, which is a Poincar\u00e9 dual way of drawing composition in categorical structures making complicated computations much more visually evident. String diagrams for monoidal categories and bicategories are described in [\\textit{A. Joyal} and \\textit{R. Street}, Adv. Math. 88, No. 1, 55--112 (1991; Zbl 0738.18005); \\textit{A. Joyal} et al., Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 119, No. 3, 447--468 (1996; Zbl 0845.18005); \\textit{R. Penrose}, in: Combinat. Math. Appl., Proc. Conf. Math. Inst., Oxford 1969, 221--244 (1971; Zbl 0216.43502); \\textit{P. Selinger}, Lect. Notes Phys. 813, 289--355 (2011; Zbl 1217.18002); \\textit{C. Heunen} and \\textit{J. Vicary}, Categories for quantum theory. An introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press (2019; Zbl 1436.81004); \\textit{B. Coecke} and \\textit{A. Kissinger}, Picturing quantum processes. A first course in quantum theory and diagrammatic reasoning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2017; Zbl 1405.81001)].","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$1A073375-89D8-41F9-813E-C0B06BB6C985","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"50a4d88aaef452ee91d36bc895e7495d5ed6f713","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":195143,"id":"Q195143"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2847338$63200A04-83D3-41E0-95F6-7F5EEE528779","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2847338","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2847338"}}}}}