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We have \\(H^1(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K), \\mathbb Z/2)\\cong K^\\times/(K^\\times)^2\\) by Kummer's theory. For any \\(a\\in K^\\times\\), let \\(\\{a\\}\\in H^1(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\) be the class of \\(a\\) in \\(K^\\times/(K^\\times)^2\\), and for any \\(a,a'\\in K^\\ast\\), let \\(\\{a,a'\\}\\in H^2(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\) be the cup product of \\(\\{a\\}\\) and \\(\\{a'\\}\\). Giving a finite dimensional \\(K\\)-vector space \\(D\\) and a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form \\(b:D\\otimes_KD\\to K\\), the corresponding quadratic form is equivalent to \\(a_1X_1^2+\\cdots +a_r X_r^2\\) for some \\(a_1,\\ldots, a_r\\in K^\\times\\). Define the first and the second Hasse-Witt classes of \\((D,b)\\) by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE \\begin{aligned} &\\mathrm{hw}_1(D,b)=\\sum_{i=1}^r\\{a_i\\}\\in H^1(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K), \\mathbb Z/2), \\\\ &\\mathrm{hw}_2(D,b)=\\sum_{1\\leq i<j\\leq r} \\{a_i,a_j\\}\\in H^2(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K), \\mathbb Z/2).\\end{aligned}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Giving a finite dimensional \\(\\mathbb Q_\\ell\\)-vector space \\(V\\), a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form \\(b:V\\otimes_{\\mathbb Q_\\ell} V\\to\\mathbb Q_\\ell\\) and an orthogonal representation \\(\\rho:\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\to \\mathrm O(V,b)\\), we define the second Stiefel-Whitney class \\(\\mathrm{sw}_2(V)\\in H^2(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K), \\mathbb Z/2)\\) to be the class corresponding to the central extension of \\(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\) by \\(\\mathbb Z/2\\) obtained by pulling back by \\(\\rho\\) the canonical central extension NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE1\\to \\mathbb Z/2\\to \\widetilde {\\mathbb O}(V)\\to \\mathbb O(V)\\to 1.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Let \\(X\\) be a proper smooth scheme of even dimension \\(n\\) over \\(K\\). The cup product defines a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form on the de Rham cohomology \\(H^n_{\\mathrm{dR}}(X/K)\\), and we can consider its second Hasse-Witt class \\(\\mathrm{hw}_2(H^n_{\\mathrm{dR}}(X))\\). The cup product defines a non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form on the \\(\\ell\\)-adic cohomology \\(H^n(X_{\\overline K}, \\mathbb Q_\\ell)(\\frac{n}{2})\\), which gives an orthogonal representation of \\(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\). We can consider its second Stiefel-Whitney class \\(\\mathrm{sw}_2(H^n_\\ell(X))\\). The author propose a conjecture comparing the Hasse-Witt class and the Stiefel-Whitney class.NEWLINENEWLINEFor any integer \\(q\\), let \\(b_{\\mathrm{\\'et}, q}=\\mathrm{dim}\\, H^q(X_{\\overline K}, \\mathbb Q_\\ell)\\) and \\(b_{\\mathrm{dR}, q}=\\mathrm{dim}\\, H^q_{\\mathrm{dR}}(X/K)\\) be Betti numbers. If \\(\\mathrm{char}\\,K=0\\), these two Betti nubmers are equal, and we denote them by \\(b_q\\). Let \\(\\chi_\\ell:\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\to \\mathbb Q_\\ell^\\times\\) be the \\(\\ell\\)-adic cyclotomic character. Denote by \\(c_\\ell\\in H^2(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\) the class of the pulling back by \\(\\chi_\\ell\\) of the central extension NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE1\\to\\mathbb Z/2\\to \\mathbb G_m\\overset{x\\mapsto x^2}{\\mathbb G}{_m} 1.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE If \\(\\mathrm{char}\\, K\\not =0\\), we have \\(c_\\ell=0\\). The character \\(\\Big(\\mathrm{det}(H^q(X_{\\overline K}, \\mathbb Q_\\ell))\\Big)\\cdot \\chi_\\ell^{\\frac{qb_{\\mathrm{\\'et},q}}{2}}\\) of \\(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\) takes value in \\(\\{\\pm 1\\}\\), and hence defines a homomorphism \\(e_q:\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K)\\to\\{\\pm 1\\}\\). We regard \\(e_q\\) as an element in \\(H^1(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\cong \\mathrm{Hom}(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K), \\{\\pm 1\\})\\). Put NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEe=\\sum_{q< n} e_q, \\quad r=\\sum_{q<n}(-1)^q b_{\\mathrm{dR},q},\\quad \\eta=\\sum_{q<\\frac{n}{2}} (-1)^q\\Big(\\frac{n}{2}-q\\Big)\\chi(X,\\Omega^q_{X/K}).NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE If \\(\\mathrm{char}\\, K=0\\), we put NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\beta=\\frac{1}{2} \\sum_{q<n}(-1)^q(n-q)b_q.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Finally, let \\(d_X=\\mathrm{hw}_1(H^n_{\\mathrm{dR}}(X/K))\\in H^1(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\). The author conjectures that in \\(H^2(\\mathrm{Gal}(\\overline K/K),\\mathbb Z/2)\\), we have an equality NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\begin{aligned} &\\mathrm{sw}_2(H^n_\\ell(X))+ \\{e,-1\\}+\\beta \\cdot c_\\ell\\\\ = &\\mathrm{hw}_2(H^n_{\\mathrm{dR}}(X)) +\\{2,d_X\\}+\\eta\\cdot (c_\\ell-c_2) \\end{aligned}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE +\\begin{cases} r\\{d_X,-1\\}+{r\\choose 2}\\{-1,-1\\} \\text{if } n\\equiv 0\\mod 4,\\\\ (r+b_{\\mathrm{dR},n}-1)\\{d_X,-1\\}+{r+b_{\\mathrm{dR},n}\\choose 2}\\{-1,-1\\}&\\text{if }n\\equiv 2\\mod 4.\\end{cases} NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The author verifies the above conjecture in the following cases, each case being verified by a different technique:NEWLINENEWLINE(1) \\(K\\) is a finite extension of \\(\\mathbb Q_p\\), \\(p\\not =2,\\ell\\), and there exists a projective regular flat model \\(X_{\\mathcal O_K}\\) over the integer ring \\(\\mathcal O_K\\) such that the closed fiber has at most ordinary double points as singularities.NEWLINENEWLINE(2) \\(K\\) is 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