{"entities":{"Q2848725":{"pageid":2859445,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2848725","lastrevid":42266401,"modified":"2025-06-03T22:23:06Z","type":"item","id":"Q2848725","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On 2-rainbow domination and roman domination in graphs"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6212176"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$CA9C55B1-8F30-4DE7-92DC-6E55EE18C83E","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"550ce26996027f8a36a975ef8e2b45b1d330d0d3","datavalue":{"value":"1278.05168","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$8412D5FF-FB33-4006-B54C-DFF9C83E3512","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"99daa9c6ad6a7adc6aab5563d173fc645a1dbf2a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251498,"id":"Q251498"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$E0B2C55C-37CA-45A6-9A76-4D4BED6FC583","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"098cd3d31e37bfcf700aaf2b156989ddcda88d1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":279205,"id":"Q279205"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$1AB674F7-BABF-418B-A6E3-A152B83E5233","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"43e878d8f753446abefa1b1ceb0637b91afae47a","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-09-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$64B3178A-C167-4841-8D36-A69D0198ACE0","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cb1e2924ba238bc47b6e89cc71d65b0484b3d905","datavalue":{"value":"05C69","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$0569A130-0105-41A5-B949-A20D4149C27A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d5da87a72c21717089feda882f568938059a9d84","datavalue":{"value":"05C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$E426BE28-E1F5-4AFF-9F4A-A9EF152238D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a3bb76dbd41580d9287ece5137de80ddf22202f","datavalue":{"value":"05C35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$702B1885-04A9-4967-BCB1-488314F52033","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"2675049d705137974d53b17eb00f7b4f69ead9fd","datavalue":{"value":"6212176","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$43D5DDB6-B756-4D2A-9223-02E80BB6CF56","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b620df2c564b429266e218c2fe3516ccbbbb35e7","datavalue":{"value":"Roman domination","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$1905984A-102F-43DD-98D7-39942C9564BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a8bb27fe8cbdfddf50327ac2d6a0b3ff6ccc1f03","datavalue":{"value":"2-rainbow domination","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$2EC4F469-8DF7-41C3-9F16-D0E7611C5CC3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"534805fa6153b1b3786edcd60407ef0861005e9a","datavalue":{"value":"tree","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$43DD1371-DB38-4947-99F2-94E6B77AFB26","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$2542951E-05BE-4299-97A1-6DF18118A92A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"08538b0b4b4ef7921725149f14ac46b7e745e218","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":972956,"id":"Q972956"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d615b26f9f619fb97778412a084f03ea1867875d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.97750264","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$CD3C9BFE-B968-4A76-9A0B-A480287922EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5174886bc34600f3ad8f2275787ea6fb3465116d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2457023,"id":"Q2457023"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b0a834580e44802cf4ddb5372f7f456db4b5f0a2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9656858","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$1BC09F76-EC20-49A8-B6D4-0C9A50BDBF4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"918591709594b44ddb84d6938dd7d81f14ce898e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2424728,"id":"Q2424728"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"731f5d1f54f31e3c3eef07e1964ef1872d718677","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.93880284","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$0B63E1BB-9955-4529-BEDF-98446DD451EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f22c9b97069d2067d5a460c029ca1d9851995ab2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2341773,"id":"Q2341773"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"49e9d035e15122596509a9f5739fedc8eef8a86f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.93768644","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$592431AC-9389-4E06-87A7-AC7FF84C6F66","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"649872404d03e427cde01a99cfe99df130cf3858","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4986532,"id":"Q4986532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b6339c9b0d89056e610ae6ef4047c43826936213","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9349593","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$9D884D2D-A72D-4504-B76A-D416C574810D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d0ec3a4eaf2e87f049b05bfc43017fcc411bfb21","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":354420,"id":"Q354420"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b6e1b1ba57d91cfec3ad07e9408fcfe38720435b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9302951","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$12C08604-010C-47C6-BCC1-88FA9A34082B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5d54a8ea3ba89b666c52b58cdfca08a94ae6cf61","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2118251,"id":"Q2118251"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"083ea00c93e91d77a05fed7b6e8908daa8a61901","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92861277","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$3D6E5DC7-355E-4EDB-82D2-1D97C7865061","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0f50bdc24b01b1db0883308a1d79cefa2d569130","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2902897,"id":"Q2902897"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d68a94b53fdd52ca53604d82f48c105b8edaabd4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9264111","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$7ABC5821-DF63-4BB7-9E3F-E383675A5959","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"38e82b9578bc7172e40fca375d9ea8c9fd64b377","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":497921,"id":"Q497921"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55b865e2ec981137ca414b4a7aab1dc9a76c1b10","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.92528903","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$1BAC2318-411A-4BC3-8DFD-A98F9C75AE5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"17a63d9c9f0468db458186256b5c668a65dd99c7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5866362,"id":"Q5866362"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b883a2925be89e5e8660b180344cd1b59b2a8020","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9236779","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2848725$0DAD1DAF-3F56-49A1-942E-5B4790DF221F","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"e3fdb3e81dbfe8acdd93f3fc72029abd5cb368cd","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On 2-rainbow domination and roman domination in graphs","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$8005E185-E9C0-433D-BF36-54C55EDB8E1E","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"4475e942e511a8e1762a91638eb522e6040025ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6562416,"id":"Q6562416"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$39F1F49C-AAC8-4CBC-B043-DA64DC6B5975","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f6caff9bb749e936bf1e3d93ee8c26f3530c66ff","datavalue":{"value":"A 2-rainbow dominating function of a graph \\(G\\) is a function \\(g\\) from \\(V(G)\\) to the power set of \\(\\{1,2\\}\\) such that if \\(g(v)=\\emptyset\\) then \\(\\bigcup_{u\\in N(v)} g(u)= \\{1,2\\}\\). The 2-rainbow domination number \\(\\gamma_{r2}(G)\\) is the minimum of \\(\\sum_{v\\in V}|g(v)|\\) taken over all 2-rainbow dominating functions \\(g\\). It is proved that \\(\\gamma_R(G)/\\gamma_{r2}(G) \\leq 3/2\\) holds for any graph \\(G\\), where \\(\\gamma_R(G)\\) denotes the Roman domination number of \\(G\\). The bound is improved to \\(4/3\\) in the case of trees. Several additional upper bounds on the 2-rainbow domination number are given.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$D626E5E6-AFDE-4B8E-A3FE-9B9B256A8E05","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b88ad96d2db1885238a8b67b25b8706a183b2b40","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251101,"id":"Q251101"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2848725$CAFD3C84-53EB-4F5F-8305-D1DA0EB3E0A1","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2848725","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2848725"}}}}}