{"entities":{"Q2852587":{"pageid":2863307,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2852587","lastrevid":51840587,"modified":"2026-01-20T07:33:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q2852587","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Gauge theories of the strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6214355"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$7A45813A-8357-4567-9E1A-9CBA89D55A99","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"ae328a16bf33ec369f951ed21f1b6f355dc885ae","datavalue":{"value":"1278.81012","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$6B48D112-100F-4063-89EB-DB22BDB2EC15","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ee9391ecdf5ffdc94e7cbce9e9d86e9014eddf9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2852586,"id":"Q2852586"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$C956A795-65EC-4F76-9951-E8EDF997069A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d3a25b4485e8891620915ff9cb8ef365b15ff9c8","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-10-09T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$7912E1F4-74DE-436F-946C-B95A52EDD77A","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"66fbc473bcb3470d748dc722223e378afd721753","datavalue":{"value":"81-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$CB82CC82-A92B-4EB2-BA6E-8FD60DBB263B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6a50f46a11609330de4920daa1f83d21fd4ed93e","datavalue":{"value":"81-01","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$890C83DE-EA5C-4302-8E26-E1A9A25AF793","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"32d56ea55f39becfe87a19bed509ca024b6af5f5","datavalue":{"value":"81T13","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$60165277-E780-40A6-BED0-D2571E36B4DA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"57a265399e10d3e30b7b5779c495d2361379dca8","datavalue":{"value":"81V10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$C863454B-74AB-4A4A-A125-550D9242F4B7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"4c4bc51ffb677a6da8fd9d9cdda955db9af0202b","datavalue":{"value":"81V05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$191E7370-AD24-402A-A5CB-161B8FB3983D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e8a60c0890d68f12d9b730af9a6d476366b86a8e","datavalue":{"value":"81V15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$4C232FC6-11CC-4A61-8E91-7E1D86444E19","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b96be67072083b6b5dd21a555c99ee96eb1eebaf","datavalue":{"value":"81V22","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$441BB2A3-F659-4943-9069-39E8C33C4C47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3f6cc328a48da4674cd83a22d9a94f37913fcf75","datavalue":{"value":"81V35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$0ACE7A99-E5C7-4283-9959-66CC8C5B8BEA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"172e5bed96dddcde867a3b0f985364db8eee7a57","datavalue":{"value":"81V45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$22381CBC-4D21-428B-B66C-0D6F4E9BA628","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"0ee5d43805ca951b82fe016b0abb52da4b18b586","datavalue":{"value":"83F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$9E13C8A1-AA74-4F8B-AA51-8CC5E1A0E02D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bd4138d956a53be7ebb02f38b5de2883548b339e","datavalue":{"value":"81R40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$65ECF231-CF4D-426E-ABD5-EC28487C5205","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"5c214effd2bbcd1be0ad453052930583ccd9c4b4","datavalue":{"value":"6214355","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$2D30A47D-3923-483C-A22E-6C2D3800E375","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a806fad6727e0abe069433d17d1ce74db50259d5","datavalue":{"value":"gauge theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$C791BAF5-BB15-43C2-9AD4-E47D60148152","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"98c8d5d446c1b37d53013e86594811d1388287f8","datavalue":{"value":"elementary particle physics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$9E4D4DAE-6368-4FE4-A9F2-4FC2497CDBC9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"093845ab1a4a754890bc916529a71bf44c5b17aa","datavalue":{"value":"atomic physics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$6CB44432-EEC9-4930-8E2A-943FF0AA7756","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0e7c0b546a8dec2de5dc2f8b2599cb33f9f747d2","datavalue":{"value":"nuclear physics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$7983B58B-3177-4A9C-9496-2EF5B1C77774","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8b0bfa2656e61301cb469b984a24f838c0debf94","datavalue":{"value":"cosmology","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$A9FF32EC-28C6-4480-8DC8-07841F1E1F92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1bb8fb25c798cb868a99cb22c2256b9e0ee8356f","datavalue":{"value":"symmetry principles","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$DA422DDC-2038-4994-A706-625FEE9D74BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bef040d9fec3f6cdf96b7e13f82dc4daaf0adb45","datavalue":{"value":"spontaneously broken symmetries","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$BD3A1D91-2005-4A9B-87E9-EB49992FE27B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"86678955aa92122201a2eb3470bcb5cb4f69e493","datavalue":{"value":"weak interactions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$4E5F1829-4311-4011-945C-F8FD19DC834F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f9934666c62b63ba7c05416352564b206db272f3","datavalue":{"value":"strong interactions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$A8DFF64C-F19C-4052-950E-6A357A7EDEBE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"dc209ce35e66216420ed09f8598c125806c02e99","datavalue":{"value":"electromagnetic interactions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$F2C9277C-2A3A-4E1C-B91C-BE301AA00F3F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"241f818878847a793f597b0aaa9baa132ca75ebf","datavalue":{"value":"hidden symmetries","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$74A2FDEA-B89F-4DA8-AB8A-F94D00A6E32E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"69e238952f3a5d8ee1fd85c3677a16d24787836b","datavalue":{"value":"Higgs phenomenon","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$51D8BCFE-6ADD-494E-9CBD-9CC50B1B2B5F","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$CD6573EC-5C85-4FD2-AAB1-FA6EEDBA10CA","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"03cb6e33c20e5e08aaa89a9f7c58e001e7025031","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Gauge theories of the strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$3BDDC20B-478C-4BC3-AFA9-205A830758D8","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a6a54d4ad07b710c85c9ae1d505aa88b59b5d49d","datavalue":{"value":"The main purpose of this book is to present a modern introduction to gauge theory in general, emphasizing its role in electroweak theory and chromodynamics of strong interactions. It is an ideal textbook for reference and self-study, for the history of elementary particle physics, atomic physics, nuclear theory, and cosmology. This second revised edition is intended to serve as a text for graduate courses. The interplay between theory and experiment as well as the role of symmetries has been stressed. The treatment of all these ideas is clearly nontechnical with a minimum of mathematical background. Through careful writing, this revised edition achieves its goal and can now be considered, in fact, an improved text.NEWLINENEWLINEThe topics covered in this book are impressive. Chapter 1 contains a review of phenomenology. Chapters 2--5 develop the theoretical concepts, the implications of symmetry principles, and the notion of spontaneously broken and hidden symmetries. The remaining Chapters 6--9 describe the strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions including the Higgs phenomenon.NEWLINENEWLINEI find this book extremely useful, because it signifies the importance of modern ideas and perspectives in particle physics.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$CAF1CEDA-2DC6-43F1-8CFF-D065DD67C95C","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"393b54cc09b1d8d230f58f6f12338801cd6d555a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590292,"id":"Q590292"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2852587$F78B1716-2773-41F0-81B5-FF7DE7ED725C","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cb8bc53f4d4dbb2a3075756055c400f449aa12e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4763087,"id":"Q4763087"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ac4ccf990693affeea07a13f66d5300391301a1d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8600078225135803","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2852587$3C515A82-DC45-4313-97FB-2C526B7EAD96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c4a6c194724e1f936e380b8e02153d7f33f1f7c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3167170,"id":"Q3167170"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"09942b46f42834acb2e450aa709ff6f56ad29a65","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.832622230052948","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2852587$65826D89-A8E4-488C-A669-2FC0C3F190AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d244330e87607d7b27a42c3631882aea0b6a69b1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2784319,"id":"Q2784319"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dba72112d4399230d6d699e14e49ccfe4941901b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8202370405197144","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2852587$E9E5763D-E40D-4210-A480-5AA47FE905D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e842a1c5fc36da4e1a7f33d015b16eb845b202f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2734593,"id":"Q2734593"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f7ba934300d611f5dc7ba973dddafddb33a79648","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8182219862937927","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2852587$E65F62AD-8CF4-4EB2-996D-FF041420FEA0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a35ccc732814aa65e8a719b0d67b37d50445258e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4841263,"id":"Q4841263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"affb723d22ece08aad5e9ad93485bca3dee4051f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8173508644104004","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2852587$BE7CAD08-E936-4D8D-99CD-F3F493C4798E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2852587","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2852587"}}}}}