{"entities":{"Q2856433":{"pageid":2867153,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2856433","lastrevid":58041372,"modified":"2026-04-03T13:58:26Z","type":"item","id":"Q2856433","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Commutator width in Chevalley groups."}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6220509"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$0815AC70-E177-498F-95A8-DF81A2569187","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"88954eae083464ad68950ae52227094719689461","datavalue":{"value":"1294.20059","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$DA0B934F-74E7-40AE-9C29-2D2DA21D08E1","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"db22f6e1faa51bee42b9d70216017e27dd63a0d4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":273073,"id":"Q273073"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$2709E38B-ACC1-48AF-AEF0-29A2152CC2FA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1447e1d11b9ec606fd60f8dec7726804d8523f4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":832440,"id":"Q832440"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$D4A28C36-0F51-4501-AC5F-5DD99CEA6ED7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"cfd410cce7b21f6dc5a95f6cfb7d6283b0d8834b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":906875,"id":"Q906875"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$9B30D893-B977-4959-A412-53F41E439C56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6c8af06e814f01ad4fd564bfc027472e57c52fbf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":503753,"id":"Q503753"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$2207D256-1F0B-4F6F-A892-E6E4454BA15B","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"ad31989710dc3c2a167cc95050bb6ea34e0bbe88","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-10-28T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$BE0B223A-ADB7-40EC-9B3D-7894150F6FFB","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c21ac2634c1e9d14da5b0a35dd9cfe542c51c2a6","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.2128","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$EF2F348C-D87B-46C5-A0CA-3CB8FF1BD7B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"4c0b0ffd5799b35059a4b2b98fe16fbadf9692f1","datavalue":{"value":"http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/notemat/article/view/12852","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$ABDFB50F-F3EA-4AA5-ABB5-B0A940421B5B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"954cf5edae008665ff61d1308e5316d0138e153a","datavalue":{"value":"20G35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$9C66E967-80F9-4887-ACE3-FC752AA1D970","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5686a691cb5ce3980c2b4130b1f83237884a7dfc","datavalue":{"value":"20F12","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$440C7D31-BC58-4989-ADE7-DFBE6E866D3C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5608e4dbe85e8f6c220cc8afcea2a4ada066e3fa","datavalue":{"value":"20F05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$28FE781E-D432-47DC-A549-FBA4D87A4FAF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8ea0f68a8d4078563f0d80045bd0f8160b918a5f","datavalue":{"value":"20H05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$D61C2560-4411-407D-932C-89F4A154D144","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"37f17b3e9849dd0379a45db8d24729a21e1aaa17","datavalue":{"value":"20H25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$A469E870-2FCC-4C2A-A429-089FFD76D782","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"4bc38c3a7b45aea88e072d37ff3b456908333e91","datavalue":{"value":"6220509","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$F9E4CB35-4139-46E0-ABBB-68965728337F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3f6428b8917d4de294a9332d1aa889261029b677","datavalue":{"value":"Chevalley groups over commutative rings","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$7D90B250-A79C-468F-B0AE-7FADC053EF89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"75d00cd90b85582700c586004810f4c4f7aedbf0","datavalue":{"value":"elementary subgroups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$CE1F9E7F-510F-4CC0-AFAA-06848AE8558E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1f6d5f85dd278d54a2487cb5a733bf7a87407c7c","datavalue":{"value":"elementary generators","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$9E02C1B7-5DF4-4D10-9CFC-B88E0BD9E3C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bc4c0e7220051757cffe572129ccb33795464786","datavalue":{"value":"commutator widths","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$D9945135-A3A5-452B-B7CB-739BB174C701","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8855af83df5ee8db68d07d8d3ed730df89c51dca","datavalue":{"value":"bounded generations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$ADB7C4DC-0637-4CF6-AECF-CDAAE4F60561","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e9210a2276e455db458d8d48078f4dbed69d874f","datavalue":{"value":"irreducible root systems","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$3B3BBF8C-21C3-490B-8E0D-0DE18ED4D699","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6e742359f6e171866d230e9d0e9ef69e210cfb03","datavalue":{"value":"products of root unipotents","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$1051859A-D81C-41A4-9DDE-D4EB9B199F6E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$47CD3D55-DD41-4344-B0C4-919F8A717819","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"78d431f959c60aa00a681e1396167c4223bdff13","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Commutator width in Chevalley groups.","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$2CDC7350-AF39-4ABE-BBB7-51E892A2DF88","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"b3a550ef6b7ecca8a6f4b813373262c59450db11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6644998,"id":"Q6644998"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$2201E6E2-04C0-419E-82E6-9725C792E2C9","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"c90b92b573db576ba905c9b8e9942a8cde68884b","datavalue":{"value":"This is an expanded version of a conference talk given in Porto Cesareo in June 2011. It is an interesting account of recent results on the width of certain commutators in Chevalley groups with respect to certain generating sets of their elementary subgroups.NEWLINENEWLINE Let \\(\\Phi\\) be a reduced irreducible root system and \\(R\\) be a commutative ring. Let \\(G(\\Phi,R)\\) be a corresponding Chevalley group and let \\(E(\\Phi,R)\\) be the subgroup generated by all its (elementary) root unipotents. It is well-known that, if \\(\\Phi\\) has rank at least \\(2\\), then \\(E(\\Phi,R)\\) is a \\textit{normal} subgroup of \\(G(\\Phi,R)\\) (for \\textit{any} \\(R\\)). It follows therefore that every commutator \\([x,y]\\), where \\(x\\in G(\\Phi,R)\\) and \\(y\\in E(\\Phi,R)\\), is a product of root unipotents.NEWLINENEWLINE The main result discussed in this survey is the existence of an upper bound \\(N(\\Phi,R)\\) for the number of unipotents required in such a product. The first versions required conditions on \\(R\\) similar to those introduced by Bass as part of classical algebraic K-theory. Later versions were able to remove these conditions. Remarkably there exists an upper bound \\(N(\\Phi)\\) dependent \\textit{only} on \\(\\Phi\\). Many other extensions of this result are discussed. A list of related unsolved problems is also provided.NEWLINENEWLINE It is worth noting that the rank restriction on \\(\\Phi\\) is necessary. For the case where \\(G(\\Phi,R)=\\mathrm{SL}_2(\\mathbb Z)\\) (in which case \\(R=\\mathbb Z\\), \\(\\mathrm{rk}(\\Phi)=1\\) and \\(G(\\Phi,R)=E(\\Phi,R)\\)), it is well-known that \\([\\mathrm{SL}_2(\\mathbb Z),\\mathrm{SL}_2(\\mathbb Z)]\\) does not have bounded width with respect to the root unipotents (which here are the elementary \\(2\\times 2\\) matrices).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$8F265F15-C4E5-4291-B525-597172EEC361","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"2e8c84f0ab2bf9d32d27bfd32a3f4b098c54b14e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":721691,"id":"Q721691"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2856433$EE63137B-052C-4793-8E51-2C305449D471","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b04a408648576713817485969fa11c9b83f84973","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1758932,"id":"Q1758932"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"02bd5b1c58624f8b278d4b81795d997a9b6e656b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8883816003799438","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2856433$F206D8EE-791E-48D0-9A29-3629528B0973","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"182bb250a398a77a67cc6e4d8ec596d160f0449d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4961142,"id":"Q4961142"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7fc7d71007a64282bb0f4e945c5c466ab8241431","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8883423805236816","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2856433$A3FD9826-2229-4F37-8F06-4BFD8A1B5706","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9932b9c2a184c3625b8f0af0d1dd6e096d74d90b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1755291,"id":"Q1755291"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bd6aadbc13ee6496e42810ab42d8437cd8f514f6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8341755867004395","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2856433$936D40D4-B756-4FDF-87DF-AB5918CABDCF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"927158325344eed493a4e43f6335a1df2ecc4c49","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3203218,"id":"Q3203218"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d85f3ec571a32f082a9e38ab9a1b0edfd933d15a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8327311873435974","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2856433$2D7F8327-BD94-412F-BBCE-5784D06C426C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"62c2e65b40bb2910067222d3691194728ff40993","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6174371,"id":"Q6174371"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1bcc602adb7b6cde3b8a6b5f0ab5f59cd0e843df","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8234433531761169","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2856433$7A35675C-C5A7-473E-A45F-3774DD5A5573","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2856433","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2856433"}}}}}