{"entities":{"Q2862668":{"pageid":2873388,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2862668","lastrevid":83934752,"modified":"2026-05-07T14:34:43Z","type":"item","id":"Q2862668","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Charles S. Peirce `On the logic of number'"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6228565"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$8E03A55E-F48E-4359-964D-9FCCF6F33CC1","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"16b73e2a6d3e40b51c46dcc4f990f974e5d492cb","datavalue":{"value":"1280.03003","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$D7D2C478-809A-4235-885B-72522D90DCD3","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"52bb6e9b565c6a2e338318418b0c01c1f6d84522","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":233558,"id":"Q233558"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$23FA1CD3-4FFB-414F-B120-6EA0DC3028A0","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"01998e359f9ce1c4b2ac0b62b77483e5ff499cd4","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-11-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$F8FF2733-2D8D-4F6C-8F88-27C6B2DF313D","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"89663cdc2c9f64b2cd0a104bcac86329d89b9b2d","datavalue":{"value":"03-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$4A41EF77-563A-41BF-8E9B-6B1EDED54EA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"920d53b3830654b0eb4e3a87ec3396145f924723","datavalue":{"value":"03-03","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$0E681082-7D48-4301-ABE1-BD744DD9B04E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7bfd0f006165ee82fae761f80e1a04a7310780c9","datavalue":{"value":"01A55","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$1A24E669-B8A8-46BB-9D88-3BAF6D109D0C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48a2830216eefdc24b89ba9895c8f20366f6740d","datavalue":{"value":"03A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$FC313A85-7909-4FCC-81B0-2F5694A7B455","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b8185bbfdd4506f4c14d2d3b46dfb55f8bdc3864","datavalue":{"value":"00A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$452B2943-C203-4C9D-A50F-CA4264DF760B","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"38c36a6f37fbe725a20970bf8434975ae6da07ad","datavalue":{"value":"6228565","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$1E7FE947-E10A-4FF5-BF8A-61C4C2821F6F","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$5C6D64CD-DC9E-492D-9D07-F3417F5BF452","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dd7b8efaf9acdccff9a5ccee63b23b27d25a7909","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1062967,"id":"Q1062967"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"abd192c699ba42c5bb3bfe679dcd79eb0001b648","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8061438","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$9D4AB71E-D641-4174-872D-A0F844560441","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39fe2fee8c3168a8e5ac3b76436790ba34b45481","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3067378,"id":"Q3067378"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d4f88d2c56d534345e0be54d885e7af861d1c629","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.79810154","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$596614E9-9D0D-459B-B238-03FD03D8F9A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9b86dc0b91b51fb900709c785a2f7484d4b21707","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3786447,"id":"Q3786447"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4c16c3fe1e5d4f945c07b0a33229eb74abaa80f6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.76182723","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$F00554F6-1BBA-46C3-9A5D-89CF1DB91B7A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"159ad780e864fcdb104cb1e8b49aafcdd5055c96","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1509293,"id":"Q1509293"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"837bbc18ec968bfe00ca7b370a77952c712113eb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75404215","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$A5C72934-AE1C-4611-A621-B3C2314889D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2dd53721dd59b8e6bc0f03422c1f165b4c0509f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1694959,"id":"Q1694959"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7abad683ed54298a51ddf2736d46fa0bd493f2f3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7461688","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$80D59510-6EE3-45EF-A0AE-C0E348CCFF89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"468fd36f126b9ea9c9df0cb902cd1a1fa54a1880","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2884787,"id":"Q2884787"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dbeffdca41673dfe52299e9cc02e193d032aaf08","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73364866","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$A014CF4B-F027-42E0-A816-CCB7475E2DFA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c9d27935c6d8a569303621e941b586fc6f505cd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4869679,"id":"Q4869679"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3f7a5b75a19e3971543a64ad6dd8b9f3f35520c3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73181385","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$2709D31B-AC05-4F2B-B77B-4A0DF883DE12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"be88628aeaaafa4fa9cc4fab921d6757fb7ccd4b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1506641,"id":"Q1506641"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8ee1d51a2be33b7bc64611e351c47033568b9d5c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7302164","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$F50468AF-5D25-4EDA-B4AA-03F38E305AB9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b7d9d828632b188d0eaa36b5f590f1fac71f1c9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3800007,"id":"Q3800007"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57112a988e7f6d13b538447c82779a3f0c898041","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7237932","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$EADE013C-1D50-4B52-B3A6-176D35BE5D41","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fc844fa938e1c080dfd8f7e984a574483855cea6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1548833,"id":"Q1548833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"95d928302f4d571bf5e51857fca242e2a7146ef4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7234071","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2862668$80D9E995-6418-4742-A74C-C6C0FB2942F0","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5d9174cdba7a1ee0942cdeeb55b515881c537549","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Charles S. Peirce `On the logic of number'","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$92A9F450-93D7-411F-9D5A-3992A67FA887","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"bd6a02d6b7a55593b961fe3be6e5957be41c95ef","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{G. Mannoury} [Methodologisches und Philosophisches zur Elementar-Mathematik. Haarlem: P. Visser Azn. (1909; JFM 40.0084.03)] had pointed out that C. S. Peirce had provided the first rigorous foundation for the theory of finite numbers, one that was discovered independently by Dedekind, Frege, and Peano, and lamented that \\textit{C. S. Peirce}'s [Sylv., Am. J. IV, 85--96 (1881; JFM 13.0055.02)] had been unjustly ignored.NEWLINENEWLINEMotivated by this remark, the author of this 1981 Fordham University Ph.D. dissertation in philosophy, sets out to present the details of the case and to highlight the ``firsts'' that the above-cited paper introduced. The first chapter presents the foundations of arithmetic and finite sets, including the notion of cardinality, introduced by Dedekind, Peano, and Peirce. In Chapter 2, the axiom systems of Peirce and Dedekind are shown to be equivalent, when phrased in formal logic, on the basis of informal set theory (``consistent with the lower reaches of ZF set theory'' (p.\\ 63)). The firsts contained in Peirce's paper include: (i) use of recursive definitions for arithmetic operations, (ii) definition of Dedekind-infinite sets, (iii) the first ordinal construction of cardinals, (iv) the first abstract description of partially and totally ordered sets. Chapter 3 re-evaluates Peirce's contribution and places it in the context of his philosophy and in its historical context.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$91E366B7-B7DA-4236-8366-EE3A26F448D3","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d2936d2ca75b282fe91002e3a0760ae48486e8ea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":482534,"id":"Q482534"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2862668$6C035B48-4FEA-4C37-96EF-55D4204C1E70","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Charles S. Peirce `On the logic of number'","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Charles_S._Peirce_%60On_the_logic_of_number%27"}}}}}