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V. Ta\u012dkov} [Proc. Steklov Math. Inst. 78 (1965), 43--48 (1967); translation from Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 78, 43--47 (1965; Zbl 0151.06802)]; [Math. Notes 50, No.~4, 1062--1067 (1991); translation from Mat. Zametki 50, No.~4, 114--122 (1991; Zbl 0774.26010)]). In the present paper, this inequality is extended to arbitrary powers of selfadjoint operators acting in Hilbert space (see also [\\textit{V. F. Babenko} and \\textit{R. O. Bilichenko}, Ukr. Mat. Zh. 61, No.~10, 1299--1305 (2009); translation in Ukr. Math. J. 61, No.~10, 1533--1540 (2009; Zbl 1224.26068)]). More specifically, let \\(A\\) be linear non-bounded selfadjoint operator in a Hilbert space \\(H\\), let \\(D(A)\\) denote its domain of definition and let \\(f\\) be a linear continuous functional in \\(H\\). In Theorem~1, an additional generalization of the Taikov inequality on arbitrary powers of \\(A\\), in which the \\(L_{\\infty}\\)-norm of the intermediate derivative is replaced by \\(| (A^kx, f)| \\), is obtained. The obtained additional inequality, which estimates \\(| (A^kx, f)| \\) by \\(\\| x\\| \\) and \\(\\| A^rx\\| \\) for \\(x\\in D(A^r)\\), \\(r, k \\in {\\mathbb N}\\), \\(k<r\\), is precise as one may find some \\(x\\) for which the corresponding equality holds. Theorem~2 states that some multiplicative analogue of the inequality in Theorem~1 holds. Once more, the above inequality cannot be improved. Finally, some important particular cases of operators are considered and some remarks are given. 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