{"entities":{"Q2885136":{"pageid":2895861,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2885136","lastrevid":51472076,"modified":"2026-01-18T10:07:01Z","type":"item","id":"Q2885136","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Higher rank numerical hulls of matrices"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6037197"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$32F2530E-5CC9-4427-90EF-39D21CEB9EB2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"8e8ce3cb0798f3a0e9805f469c37e78da646e233","datavalue":{"value":"1247.15020","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$44B32428-4B2A-4F27-9EF9-0E59CEF15D84","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"59c77f9a8b23c994c57efbed811891089ca76628","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2012-05-21T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$C5213E54-895A-4649-A4BE-43608D651F3E","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"bb2197171391354d8a25d30b457f4d26aed82a3c","datavalue":{"value":"http://files.ele-math.com/abstracts/oam-06-05-abs.pdf","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$2E202213-EA04-4285-8519-570B294BCA65","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"de015211c641081855981090b49964fceb04e0c6","datavalue":{"value":"15A60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$198E8068-9BB6-4D52-B675-C50999DABA7C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7af17f227fda8daecc6b4cd26e5d774fa965085f","datavalue":{"value":"81P68","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$C84E184A-2975-4461-91DF-0C2E52139618","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"cdd14fd4e6daa63a53967dec90cf0c33cc9fcbb9","datavalue":{"value":"6037197","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$418EF389-2222-4874-867C-1AC4F0E2E0D7","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5c3bdd364d833811a0f834399991e96fbd61dd90","datavalue":{"value":"higher rank numerical range","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$9D2652BA-71C5-49F3-91BA-DAEA6E657E6A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0a2d22e6720cc462851fdd3acf80c4ca2ba80576","datavalue":{"value":"polynomial numerical hull","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$514C8378-5B8E-4BEA-B729-84792E2F2C9C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a8691699384ec038dd67d008cb1948aec9bc7a00","datavalue":{"value":"quantum computing","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$E307DCAC-B1E0-41D0-9599-F69373EC5F9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"79a0407d611fa5da4b1bc75a4a89e7125d00d469","datavalue":{"value":"higher rank numerical hull","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$94ECC282-4124-4D45-B946-10744759903D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"06528ae9cf6e163dc4ac8d7068fec99677b2da9b","datavalue":{"value":"rank-\\(k\\) spectrum","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$DDBEA147-31FC-4F79-A644-791EDA956A3A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"69315d3f79a34e3b3ecb6a1695632a0d91cac714","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":592866,"id":"Q592866"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$AEFFF5E3-E5C3-4A22-8E7C-1D96BB614B67","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$989E4D42-B186-4674-A3C1-5B3688A0EFC2","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"fee18c3b0cda6dc9f9314c4eda8864833c64f518","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Higher rank numerical hulls of matrices","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$2500B3E4-97FD-47C0-9BC8-7FF3AB10B84B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"39f629099f8b24efafc23f440f36c10972dabd70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2807231,"id":"Q2807231"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$3471DB35-3622-4E4D-AC50-8392BBCF0529","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"011dee96bbed0fe82e0348fd1a46f478f019b9d4","datavalue":{"value":"For any \\(n\\)-by-\\(n\\) complex matrix \\(A\\) and any positive integer \\(k\\), the rank-\\(k\\) numerical range \\(\\Lambda_k(A)\\) and rank-\\(k\\) spectrum \\(\\sigma_k(A)\\) of \\(A\\) are defined by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Lambda_k(A)= \\{\\lambda\\in\\mathbb{C}: X*AX=\\lambda_k\\text{ for some \\(n\\)-by-\\(k\\) matrix \\(X\\) with \\(X*X= I_k\\)}\\}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE and NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\sigma_k(A)= \\{\\lambda\\in\\mathbb{C}: \\dim\\ker(\\lambda I_n-A)\\geq k\\},NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE respectively. In recent years, the former has been studied intensely by numerical analysis. When \\(k= 1\\), \\(\\Lambda_1(A)\\) and \\(\\sigma_1(A)\\) are just the classical numerical range \\(W(A)\\) and spectrum \\(\\sigma(A)\\) of \\(A\\).NEWLINENEWLINE In the present paper, the author introduces, for any positive integer \\(m\\), the more general rank-\\(k\\) numerical hull \\(X^m_k(A)\\) of \\(A\\), namely, NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEX^m_k(A)\\equiv \\{\\lambda\\in\\mathbb{C}: (\\lambda,\\lambda^2,\\dots, \\lambda^m)\\in \\text{conv}(\\Lambda_k(A,A^2,\\dots, A^m))\\},NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(\\text{conv}(\\Lambda_k(A, A^2,\\dots, A^m))\\) denotes the convex hull of the joint rank-\\(k\\) numerical range \\(\\Lambda_k(A, A^2,\\dots, A^m)\\) of J\\((A,A^2,\\dots, A^m)\\): NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Lambda_k(A, A^2,\\dots, A^m)\\equiv\\{(\\lambda_1,\\dots, \\lambda_m)\\in \\mathbb{C}^m: X* A^j X= \\lambda_j I_k\\text{ for some \\(n\\)-by-\\(k\\) matrix \\(X\\)}NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\text{with \\(X* X= I_k\\) for all \\(j,1\\leq j\\leq m\\)}\\}.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Among other things, it is shown that if \\(A\\) is Hermitian and \\(m\\geq 2\\), then \\(X^m_k(A)= \\sigma_k(A)\\), and if \\(A\\) is unitary of size \\(2k\\) and \\(k\\), \\(m\\geq 2\\), then \\(X^m_k(A)=\\emptyset\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2885136$8C154970-0733-4D84-8E57-79FEC9117E7A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0751dc33391c35c6e9dc543e44328b1abbf7c3ae","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5253055,"id":"Q5253055"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0562e99fb4ae099046b2a6549b967385a3a6174b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.898280143737793","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2885136$2369FC57-2644-4279-96E0-68A5B7A32084","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f6cb3789fa8086a259a8d0c93fcf61e0a42b624f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5443475,"id":"Q5443475"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"66fa53f86f5627e0c3629a25bcf47fb1db3a498e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.893012523651123","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2885136$B6C03E3A-2519-4325-B94D-328676CFC473","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7425544dfc953c46844546afd9da9a0040525e69","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4627192,"id":"Q4627192"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8ac0aef3fb4439241c819d24140a7dd1b9d6cd55","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.875849723815918","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2885136$3103EA3A-E9FB-4978-A80C-09F1429958C7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c53d67dd1903ad0d4c68c661dcf59fb2f9c8d387","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5738826,"id":"Q5738826"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ca50da4108b6311e414cc9e5fdcbac0cd6932d14","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8004422187805176","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2885136$D1C5EDDE-C9CF-46BE-B809-F12FE518BCDE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f70b48a7e4e7e0b5c3ff36a7d2f5bbc5c3a9a466","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2463611,"id":"Q2463611"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dffd812a3efd95644b38eae359d101d632358282","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8002023696899414","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2885136$F6CB4196-03CD-4664-8B41-4C7FC40D4717","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2885136","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2885136"}}}}}