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purposes of this paper are twofold. First, the authors extend the method of non-homogeneous harmonic analysis to handle Bergman-type singular integral operators. Second, they use the methods developed in this paper to settle the important open question about characterizing the Carleson measures for Besov-Sobolev space of analytic functions \\(B^{\\sigma}_2\\) on the complex ball of \\({\\mathbb C}^d.\\)NEWLINENEWLINEThey consider singular integral operators that do not satisfy the standard estimates. Let \\(X\\) be a closed set in \\({\\mathbb R}^d\\) and \\(m \\leq d.\\) Assume that NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE | K(x,y) | \\leq \\frac{C}{| x-y |^m} \\quad \\text{if}\\quad x,y \\in X, NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE and NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE | K(x,y) - K(x',y) | + | K(y,x) - K(y,x') | \\leq \\frac{ C {| x-x' |}^{\\varepsilon}} {{| x-y |}^{m + \\varepsilon}}, NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\( | x-x' | \\leq \\frac{1}{2} | x-y | \\) and \\(x,x',y \\in X.\\) Furthermore assume that NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE | K(x,y) | \\leq \\frac{1}{\\max( d_H(x)^m, d_H(y)^m)} \\quad \\text{if}\\quad x,y \\in X, NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(d_H(x) := \\text{dist}(x, {\\mathbb R}^d \\setminus H)\\) and \\(H\\) being an open set in \\({\\mathbb R}^d\\). Let \\(\\mu\\) be a probability measure with compact support in \\(X\\) and suppose that all balls such that \\(\\mu(B(x,r)) > r^m\\) lie in \\(H\\) and let NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE T_{\\mu,m}f(x) = \\int_{{\\mathbb R}^d} K(x,y)f(y) d\\mu. NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE They prove the following. If NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE \\| T_{\\mu,m} \\chi_Q \\|_{L^2({\\mathbb R}^d; \\mu)}^2 + \\| T_{\\mu,m}^{*} \\chi_Q \\|_{L^2({\\mathbb R}^d; \\mu)}^2 \\leq C \\mu(Q) \\quad \\text{for all cubes }\\;Q, NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE then \\(T_{\\mu,m}\\) is bounded on \\(L^2({\\mathbb R}^d; \\mu).\\)NEWLINENEWLINEThe balls such that \\(\\mu(B(x,r)) > r^m\\) are called non-Ahlfors balls. Non-Ahlfors balls are enemies and their presence makes the estimate of singular integral operators basically impossible. The key hypothesis is that one can capture all the non-Ahlfors balls in some open set \\(H\\). The method of proof of this theorem is to use the tools of non-homogeneous harmonic analysis developed by Nazarov, Treil and Volberg. See, for example, [\\textit{F. Nazarov, S. Treil} and \\textit{A. Volberg}, Acta Math. 190, No. 2, 151--239 (2003; Zbl 1065.42014)] and [\\textit{A. Volberg}, Calder\u00f3n-Zygmund capacities and operators on nonhomogeneous spaces. CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics 100. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS). (2003; Zbl 1053.42022)].NEWLINENEWLINELet \\({\\mathbb B}_{2d}\\) denote the unit ball in \\({\\mathbb C}^d\\). Roughly speaking, the Besov-Sobolev space \\(B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d})\\) is the collection of analytic functions on the unit ball such that the derivatives of order \\(d/2 - \\sigma\\) belong to the classical Hardy space \\(H^2({\\mathbb B}_{2d})\\). A non-negative measure \\(\\mu\\) supported inside \\({\\mathbb B}_{2d}\\) is called a \\(B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d})\\)-Carleson measure if NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE \\int_{{\\mathbb B}_{2d}} | f(z) |^2 d\\mu(z) \\leq C \\| f \\|_{B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d})}^2 \\quad \\text{for all}\\quad f \\in B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d}). NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The characterizations of \\(B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d})\\)-Carleson measures were obtained by \\textit{N. Arcozzi, R. Rochberg} and \\textit{E. Sawyer} [Adv. Math. 218, No. 4, 1107--1180 (2008; Zbl 1167.32003)] when \\(0 \\leq \\sigma \\leq 1/2\\), and by \\textit{E. Tchoundja} [Ark. Mat. 46, No. 2, 377--406 (2008; Zbl 1159.32004)] when \\(d/2 \\leq \\sigma\\). By introducing the singular integral operators NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE T_{\\mu, 2\\sigma}f (z) = \\int_{{\\mathbb B}_{2d}} \\text{Re} \\Big( \\frac{1}{ ( 1 - \\overline{w} \\cdot z)^{2 \\sigma}} \\Big) f(w) d\\mu(w), NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE the authors characterize these measures for all values of \\(\\sigma\\) at once. Their result is the following. Suppose that \\(0 < \\sigma\\). Then the following conditions are equivalent:NEWLINENEWLINE(1) \\quad \\(\\mu\\) is a \\(B_2^{\\sigma}({\\mathbb B}_{2d})\\)-Carleson measure;NEWLINENEWLINE(2) \\quad \\(T_{\\mu, 2\\sigma}\\) is bounded on \\(L^2({\\mathbb B}_{2d} ; \\mu)\\);NEWLINENEWLINE(3) \\quad There is a constant \\(C\\) such thatNEWLINENEWLINE(i) \\quad \\( \\| T_{\\mu, 2\\sigma} \\chi_Q \\|_{L^2(\\mu)}^2 \\leq C \\mu (Q) \\) for all \\(\\Delta \\text{-cubes \\;} Q\\);NEWLINENEWLINE(ii) \\quad \\(\\mu( B_{\\Delta}(x,r)) \\leq C r^{2\\sigma}\\) for all balls \\(B_{\\Delta}(x,r)\\) that intersect \\({\\mathbb C}^d \\setminus {\\mathbb B}_{2d},\\)NEWLINENEWLINE\\noindent where the sets \\(B_{\\Delta}(x,r)\\) are balls measured with respect to a naturally occurring quasi-metric \\(\\Delta\\) in the 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