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Then the absolute Galois group acts on the \\(l\\)-torsion sub-group \\(E[l]\\) as a subgroup of \\(\\mathrm{Aut}(E[l])\\simeq \\mathrm{GL}_2(\\mathbb{F}_l)\\). It is expected that this subgroup is in fact the full group \\(\\mathrm{GL}_2(\\mathbb{F}_l)\\) and this is the case for all but finitely many primes \\(l\\). Also, a theorem of \\textit{W. Duke} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, S\u00e9r. I, Math. 325, No. 8, 813--818 (1997; Zbl 1002.11049)] states that the density of elliptic curves defined over \\(\\mathbb Q\\) admitting at least one `exceptional' prime \\(l\\), i.e. a prime \\(l\\) for which the mentioned representation is not surjective, is zero. A generalization over number fields was provided by \\textit{D. Zywina} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 42, No. 5, 811--826 (2010; Zbl 1221.11136)].NEWLINENEWLINEIn the paper under review, the author considers the natural analogue for abelian surfaces: namely, given a family of abelian surfaces over an algebraic variety, it is proved that for almost all of them the Galois action on their points of \\(l\\)-torsion, for every prime \\(l\\), is given by the full group \\(\\mathrm{GSP}_{2g}({\\mathbb F}_l)\\) of symplectic similitudes.NEWLINENEWLINEMore precisely: let \\(K\\) be a number field, \\(V\\) a smooth geometrically irreducible affine variety of dimension \\(3\\), \\(\\mathcal{A}\\to V\\) a principally polarized abelian scheme over \\(V\\) of relative dimension \\(2\\), inducing a dominant map to the moduli space of principally polarized abelian surfaces. Let us fix a height function on \\(V(\\bar{K})\\) and consider, for each \\(x\\geq 1\\), the set \\(E_K(x)\\) of points \\(t\\in V(K)\\) of height \\(\\leq x\\) such that the abelian surface \\(A_t\\) has the following property: for at least one prime \\(l\\) the Galois action on \\({\\mathcal A}_t[l]\\) is not surjective on the group \\(\\mathrm{GSP}_{2g}({\\mathbb F}_l)\\). Finally, denote by \\(B_K(x)\\) the set of all the \\(K\\)-rational points of height \\(\\leq x\\) on \\(V\\).NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1.1 then states that the ratio \\(|E_K(x)|/|B_K(x)|\\) tends to zero, and actually is bounded as NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE {|E_K(x)|\\over |B_K(x)|}\\ll_{K,V} {(\\log x)^{17}\\over x^{1/2}}. NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Reviewer's remark: The condition that the abelian varieties \\({\\mathcal A}_t\\) really form a \\(3\\)-dimensional family, for instance they are not constant in \\(t\\in V\\), does not appear explicitly in Theorem 1.1, but is clearly needed. 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