{"entities":{"Q2928217":{"pageid":2938937,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q2928217","lastrevid":58052379,"modified":"2026-04-03T15:02:34Z","type":"item","id":"Q2928217","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Graph manifolds with boundary are virtually special"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6366502"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$FCED0106-918E-47DF-B51A-E1BB982D6E3E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"4909b8d9b6d1335effc2eb9f81709cb96af9e883","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Graph manifolds with boundary are virtually special","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$1C4CE900-FD86-4B92-BD29-D21255356FD8","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"80f6fe05f5f28a8b0ca3309a4c8bdf98285c89ee","datavalue":{"value":"1331.57023","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$14B19EF7-369B-4827-99AA-8355CB0E4B43","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"29d613c7fe00a15e5180053184a1ccf3b0cbbfdf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":260113,"id":"Q260113"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$EB71414E-4CA5-4A37-B205-52D85F1516B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"ea0db25ddbb35c322ea8add53ceda3421510a716","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":185603,"id":"Q185603"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$CAF6CB4C-FD2C-4115-92A5-9A2C693D8B8D","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"0234c54672d2ffa2a423a9ebb67b095e4436b9f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2797306,"id":"Q2797306"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$0484860F-93B2-4FA7-AF18-79D6618AD3F2","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"f9fe9f27a082498af62091aa424cd2fb2bfa3168","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2014-11-07T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$E3EE691E-B444-414B-925A-8B8F9CFD9F6C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"b0fbd20fb85353ab962ea1f62c0deb3ab1ca3770","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3513","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$AABB109D-E61E-4D23-AAA9-C6584985679C","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5fd2e677adbf3c5d393403c254a42eb2ef993b52","datavalue":{"value":"57N10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$45CE07A6-8EA2-4C06-BC35-C1F6336EF677","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8e40b5f30aaadc54b65eed7de37a8655f732babf","datavalue":{"value":"57M99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$9DB6D628-C493-4ABA-A4B4-EC0709A3EC66","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"afe0dc0c0736bb69fa09cc63d89cf0239c70ef90","datavalue":{"value":"20E26","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$D947D3ED-4579-4E03-98B5-B0743D11CEF2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"639e35a4d8066ba3b320b7c5998ad4d73a0cf431","datavalue":{"value":"20F65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$1F6C9A39-D833-4EC6-B2F2-2E2C2FDDEEEE","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"04975e9253f2072e95a4f127f6551bb80ecf92a2","datavalue":{"value":"6366502","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$89AFAB5F-7301-4058-88CC-67C760681E60","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"afcdc7b6b67986da08abeeb5802672ec7682512b","datavalue":{"value":"graph manifold","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$04E9071D-D6B8-48D1-AA15-906E570E1367","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"481d1942daa29aec62d931e3bab9a893ba0c71b7","datavalue":{"value":"separable subgroup","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$842D436A-AADA-4035-B2B9-D3A04F293BCD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8c3e7547a1b51a90c540023b450e3aef3f612eb8","datavalue":{"value":"special cube complex","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$A83ABE6F-E968-4BAF-A694-3563B6D732AB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c7f36fd7e9466d1e5e8cc0b0ba51145605cb204","datavalue":{"value":"virtually special","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$0BAE9398-A061-4D3D-8303-2B2CA0F9AC3E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$B590AE61-1C71-465C-ABA3-696227E2D3A3","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8a300a6301595bc7419b31242889feaeeb274324","datavalue":{"value":"W2103966230","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$7767E033-291F-4CC6-B9A5-C80EA066AF7E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"31042ec052973bf31b69cc1da6e55ae5b806f7b7","datavalue":{"value":"10.1112/JTOPOL/JTT009","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$54BF559B-08A3-4257-8D1B-367835F3EC09","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bcb0e52b6edd702730aef0f491f0889013b44e17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3562045,"id":"Q3562045"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6222de290868b6ee7eebdb7a8dd5473b66f236ec","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9042905","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$BDB4CC7E-5929-4B3B-99F9-FF0FB9B9DAA0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"04d754eebce8f6d1a680d4bb867bb8af11db25aa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4374315,"id":"Q4374315"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7328ba54ca50ee395cbd1e1bb1202535058a5636","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8883364","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$D3F5183C-9FB3-439B-8759-46A44FD9059F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0a86fce450ca273623b874c0bfc647d91b2f903d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2909040,"id":"Q2909040"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"27fc61bf3e15587f96ac0b3e8898ef6d8a3e6d9b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8863236","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$18A617D4-3F88-4710-A43F-A048936875A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1baa49608b370ec6b5c6ac0d515c471755810eb9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2705307,"id":"Q2705307"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a16545f728735cc1cc14651b2ac157029dbb1f09","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8831551","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$67D7D250-AD91-4273-8888-7C08F69CD342","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"58068e957e60d296fc272464d0ef4c9f17418871","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5961884,"id":"Q5961884"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2e83f855f8e3e193a554b2131c57b3916d8be210","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8771097","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$E63327D0-290D-43AD-BFF0-AE45382906CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"be26e2af723208417b33969563f28099a0fee1d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2048502,"id":"Q2048502"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"47bd171d2fdb5c679184d31b37771c3092934f8b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87422633","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$A9C4CFAB-6089-41BB-BFF5-6C14ACEEBE57","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"74a72c3cf2851b28abe39ed445dd880ca7e3cad2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2565075,"id":"Q2565075"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"55338f3b1034c11f2da75d899b4385d6ebcd7fe6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8732525","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$CFCCC581-5D9C-4D1E-B66C-939FC5455633","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"aeb23ac274900e0d378cac2f5aa10e17167e2070","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1383652,"id":"Q1383652"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d3689d4f7b22a476261c87986f5dba67aafd2357","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.87270623","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$9CF6D91D-28A9-4058-8F70-A790D1355E3D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"29c3b4f7588a6c56fb93ee235fde582e33b87b08","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3389203,"id":"Q3389203"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0684ce61dd8b639c01c05a36cef5ef9c64f6084e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.871855","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$14891F1D-812E-43EB-83AC-5C1E48E02322","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"472d9afadbeda9dcbd86833cb37e6f1a17a42006","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5243322,"id":"Q5243322"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5b5781e07e0cfebb2534d69fcdbb265323555da2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8713116","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2928217$1C98B7EA-99EB-4355-ABDC-9AF4B4E5DCCA","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"efacf55c1515034bad54716c9700158d369af8dc","datavalue":{"value":"This paper considers separability properties of surfaces properly embedded in graph manifolds. Recall that a subgroup \\(F\\) of a group \\(G\\) is separable if, for each \\(g\\in G-F\\), there is a finite index subgroup \\(H\\) of \\(G\\) with \\(g\\notin HF\\). If \\(F_1\\), \\(F_2\\) are subgroups of \\(G\\), the double coset \\(F_1F_2\\) is separable if, for each \\(g\\in G-F_1F_2\\), there is a finite index subgroup \\(H\\) of \\(G\\) with \\(g\\notin HF_1F_2\\). A graph manifold is an oriented compact connected irreducible 3-manifold that has only Seifert-fibred pieces in its \\(JSJ\\) decomposition. The main results of the paper are the following: a) Let \\(M\\) be a graph manifold, with or without boundary, and let \\(S\\) be an oriented incompressible surface properly embedded in \\(M\\). Then \\(\\pi_1(S)\\) is separable in \\(\\pi_1(M)\\). b) Let \\(S, P\\subset M\\), be oriented incompressible surfaces whose intersection with each block of the \\(JSJ\\) decomposition of \\(M\\) is horizontal or vertical. Let \\(\\tilde S,\\tilde P\\) be intersecting components of the preimages of \\(S,P\\) in the universal cover \\(\\tilde M\\) of \\(M\\). Then \\(Stab(\\tilde S)Stab(\\tilde P)\\) is separable in \\(\\pi_1(M)\\).NEWLINENEWLINELet \\(M\\) be a graph manifold containing a sufficient collection of incompressible oriented surfaces, that is, a collection so that the intersection of each surface with each block of the \\(JSJ\\) decomposition of \\(M\\) is vertical or horizontal, and so that for each block \\(B\\) and each torus in \\(\\partial B\\), there is a surface intersecting them, which is vertical with respect to \\(B\\). Using the main results it is proved that \\(\\pi_1(M)\\) is virtually the fundamental group of a special cube complex. Then it is shown that a graph manifold with boundary always has a sufficient collection, implying then that if \\(M\\) is a graph manifold with non-empty boundary, then \\(\\pi_1(M)\\) is virtually special. See [\\textit{F. Haglund} and \\textit{D. T. Wise}, Geom. Funct. Anal. 17, No. 5, 1551--1620 (2008; Zbl 1155.53025)] for definitions and facts about special cube complexes.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$28BFFEC8-A2AF-446D-8103-6D9A4C094947","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"42f01b096ce1de435dfeed87965f1cf67629f39e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":176970,"id":"Q176970"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2928217$53BD442E-30B3-47BF-A931-ACB903313388","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2928217","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2928217"}}}}}