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A nonisotrivial fibration \\(f:X\\to B\\) induces a nonconstant modular map \\(\\Psi_f: B\\to \\bar{M}_g\\), where \\(\\bar{M}_g\\) is the coarse moduli space of stable curves of genus \\(g\\). Let \\(N_{\\Psi_f}\\) be the sheaf, which is defined as the cokernel of the map \\(0\\to T_B\\to \\mathrm{Ext}^1_f(\\Omega^1_{X/B}, O_X)\\). The map \\(\\kappa_f: T_B\\to \\mathrm{Ext}^1_f(\\Omega^1_{X/B},O_X)\\) is fiberwise, over the points \\(b\\) such that the fiber \\(X(b)\\) is reduced, the Kodaira-Spencer map of the family \\(f\\) at \\(b\\). If the fibration is stable and the image of \\(\\Psi_f\\) is contained in the smooth locus of \\(\\bar{M}_g\\), then \\(\\mathrm{Ext}^1_f(\\Omega_{X/B}^1, O_X)\\cong \\Psi_f^*T_{\\bar{M}_g}\\), and \\(\\kappa_f\\) is exactly the inclusion in the target sequence, and hence \\(N_{\\Psi_f}\\) can be regarded as the normal sheaf to the map \\(\\Psi_f\\). The main result of the first part of the paper is formulated in the following theorem:NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1. Let \\(f: X\\to B\\) be a nonisotrivial fibration with reduced fibers such that \\(\\mathrm{Ext}^1_f(\\Omega^1_{X/B},O_X)\\) is locally free and \\(h^0(T_{X/F})=0\\) for all smooth fibers of \\(f\\). Then \\(N_{\\Psi_f}\\) is locally free.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the second part of the paper, \\(K3\\) type fibrations are introduced. These are fibrations \\(f\\) defined by a linear pencil \\(\\Lambda\\subseteq |L|\\) where \\(L\\) is an ample globally generated and primitive line bundle on a smooth \\(K3\\) surface. Let \\({\\mathcal{P}}_g\\) be the stack parameterizing pairs \\((S,C)\\) such that \\((S,L)\\) is a smooth primitively polarized \\(K3\\) surface of genus \\(g\\) and \\(C\\in|L|\\) is a stable curve. Let \\(c_g: {\\mathcal{P}}_g\\to {\\bar{\\mathcal{M}}}_g\\) be the projection, where \\({\\bar{\\mathcal{M}}}_g\\) is the moduli stack of stable curves of genus \\(f\\). Let \\({\\mathcal{K}}_g\\subset {\\mathcal{M}}_g\\) be the image of \\(c_g\\) restricted to pairs \\((S,C)\\) such that \\(C\\) is smooth. The main result of the second part of the paper is to determine the structure of \\(\\Psi^*_f T_{\\bar{M}_g}\\). The geometrically interpreted results are formulated in the following theorem:NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 2. Let \\(f\\) be a general \\(K3\\) type fibration of genus \\(g\\geq 7\\). Let \\(a_g\\) be the dimension of the general fiber of the morphism \\(c_g\\) and let \\(b_g\\) be the codimension of \\({\\mathcal{K}}_g\\) in \\({\\mathcal{M}}_g\\). Then NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Phi^*_fT_{\\bar{M}_g}\\simeq O_{{\\mathbb{P}}^1}(2)\\oplus O_{{\\mathbb{P}}^1}(1)^{\\oplus g-1} \\oplus O_{{\\mathbb{P}}^1}(1)^{\\oplus a_g}\\oplus O_{{\\mathbb{P}}^1}^{\\oplus 2g-3-a_g-b_g} \\oplus O_{{\\mathbb{P}}^1}(-1)^{\\oplus b_g}.NEWLINE\\]","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2929646$DA09CEEF-EB40-4A90-BA4E-5197C91E145E","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"76579edf630459249a27f193b026921158c16c09","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":396524,"id":"Q396524"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q2929646$E742FAA6-1402-4B0A-9CBC-35F8E9A6F0C9","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2ce5ffd640607886346e8bc93a89f19029d16213","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":509686,"id":"Q509686"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e89ffdff392c1367cf1ef3d53824378379d0eebd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7892382740974426","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2929646$004EEBB8-A9B0-4297-A377-E5054D4B8148","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2e2cc4b0c938a2a8f988216be08c0da54863ccc5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3435104,"id":"Q3435104"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2ac7dbc6e71eec83f60254507eeb86eb9ca64639","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.773426353931427","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2929646$AC2AEB50-4C03-4D2C-A391-3FA6812DDF91","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"abed4d244303941796ce18448f7703ef77f874e8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1196415,"id":"Q1196415"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"68b33d5c6626453c977c16bc96a5b9dc8dc93204","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7685971260070801","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2929646$C9CE680C-C878-4483-BB0D-32F25A15402D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9be92e5c7b6c34dfcafeec5ee1cad380c2f453cf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5305524,"id":"Q5305524"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dd73efbc591dcf8ebcb468d7439603f29eec69af","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7626022100448608","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2929646$5F86BE26-EE32-4817-BDA4-224F38BB4576","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2bd1d4b3caa4d4362ecb89a04332dc20e2b957c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4686847,"id":"Q4686847"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"49227273b0e5b8ec9b6018c94964081eef1d5188","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7579990029335022","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q2929646$6A530CB3-6D5E-47FD-9F5E-3B18EB40A5E9","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:2929646","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:2929646"}}}}}