{"entities":{"Q314033":{"pageid":315800,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q314033","lastrevid":56793810,"modified":"2026-03-23T15:12:52Z","type":"item","id":"Q314033","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Locally homogeneous pp-waves"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6626520"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$2D976179-C2FF-4F24-8305-067DED7E55AA","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5035de060bfee451de429b30e0df79f095d96de7","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Locally homogeneous pp-waves","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$C3A11FD7-57C1-4A1E-952B-3F92251710BC","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"fa9749820a7d600fb69aefe3495e9f772b44beaa","datavalue":{"value":"1352.53059","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$2195C0E4-2B97-4801-88C9-19CB0EDD1A25","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f16316bc9f4183c641bdb9f26eee7bb7539abfd7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":314032,"id":"Q314032"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$D619BCB6-1E8E-4182-AD33-B9EA8FE7B4C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"5c9160e72abf39d438bed4c38c06d483b496a98b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":249130,"id":"Q249130"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$58B10F9F-77F0-4B6A-8436-2FB43F58E5BD","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"69769b5c2eec8087b3ffa9e7a20e4533cdd75f07","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166065,"id":"Q166065"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$3BAA8DB1-5A70-49B7-B5C2-A4FA0FB1B8E2","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"f36863be325de210ff9d9a68f784ab8b753f9ea2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2016-09-12T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$8ECEBF22-85BC-4E3E-A493-29C7AE1C29C1","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"7adae581eb06c6da44186391292779103f6eed86","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.3572","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$C6A889E5-A0D0-4330-89A0-C0718EF4712D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"fae98b9b5c0abae45678e7d71e31da55e1169c65","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":251349,"id":"Q251349"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$5AB04C23-BF1A-4E9A-B9F4-AB743533D67E","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"cba7ad267868666b1aee2992746bc16d7ac85340","datavalue":{"value":"53C50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$A5B69964-8CDC-4446-A1F3-2D0F36BDBF05","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1f2a65c5153f495013bdf45a1fb70365a02b8e5a","datavalue":{"value":"53C30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$2C3288E6-3532-4273-ADBF-F39DAADE56F2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dd2bf75b4de548845579a9d235c9795e3b023200","datavalue":{"value":"53C29","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$682E5C08-8807-4435-A63B-8F84B23C6544","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"2225ec2622e37175ce6c167308dc1978446a075d","datavalue":{"value":"53B30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$210FBFDC-0F58-439B-923C-0C68E276058C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e97cad46ba2c45e05dbaf50f8a57d0621b3b9cbd","datavalue":{"value":"83C20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$3CC5C0B2-BCF0-4488-AE58-1529827A88F6","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"db0a17afc2ce3cbfbc1b8a2ddfec3201f373b409","datavalue":{"value":"6626520","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$8DF2DD86-EF99-40B6-A91E-7F2AE59AEDC1","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3a7b7abd70bc5bfbd0f482a655d607345ffc2131","datavalue":{"value":"Lorentzian manifolds","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$99142D6D-66EF-4E69-A9E2-65736F161E2E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"692889726828a91e1e9a492fe9244ebd291906e0","datavalue":{"value":"Killing vector fields","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$08C946C2-D61C-44D8-B4FC-F1608AE36FBE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"66eec0a5fef1c5c1de213bc5680d578b0b51e13f","datavalue":{"value":"homogeneous spaces","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$E8D99B40-B6F0-4623-BF25-E17A44CFCFD7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d33abac151041066004a75dc2e49c482058ea927","datavalue":{"value":"pp-waves","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$3473761A-050E-4BAC-9975-48FCE211B984","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"456d8aab033f96e487c5ec8732195aaecead6b92","datavalue":{"value":"plane waves","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$B5C0779A-606C-4BE9-9B6E-4D825C7143EB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a303afe7faa908a7abd06b15460f1bf500d89d22","datavalue":{"value":"special holonomy","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$DB491652-00BF-4557-B223-6F7D789AAA6D","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$A98AABE3-A374-4E7B-842E-8CA204881179","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"9788253a1ea539e73ae3b51eddb7280142aa7dbc","datavalue":{"value":"W1632763279","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$12BD8234-5CB6-4171-9006-4F35F755660C","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"3636f3f48401cd9373bc50b927c214dd2487bde1","datavalue":{"value":"Q125676092","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$F29565F5-047D-4593-9107-F210E73C323B","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cb4b2d326b2611c5d5b580367e485b74cb583cd2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1221319,"id":"Q1221319"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$BE9CFA5A-EC62-4139-BDAE-2E0002144AF5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e3b35053c5bf639f3bd4699b8a3a390cd2395200","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3254202,"id":"Q3254202"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$0414672C-89EE-409B-9E5B-504B045421EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5b2b533e38513591290538564850f258afb57eea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5734277,"id":"Q5734277"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$8FAE51D2-483E-467B-8E0A-AF0C3A4C063A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1caccc7b7de47ff0827c575cf77c36b795be3f49","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4119763,"id":"Q4119763"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$80E1FBD0-8C0F-4EED-92E3-1B75ECCB7B9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5c205b74644883e0e2074a7b8a145397d163b038","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2496755,"id":"Q2496755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$C4119CAD-AA60-4967-8C45-03D9585E2D98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9129c47a78763de344a7abce97f48f82dec90fa4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4665165,"id":"Q4665165"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$62096759-8634-47DF-A004-BC550CB71CE0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a6d639219b219514c0fbc0c9848ce026da8266c5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1796008,"id":"Q1796008"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$2807AA7C-57CE-4C4A-B719-76A9950F4AB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"30fcefcbb77163469989336bc437b6a6a2e61e8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1037299,"id":"Q1037299"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$102AD70E-B9B2-4BAD-9CF6-C630323C1D43","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b60b71b5a7b46fc5d66973569001b7338be381f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1081149,"id":"Q1081149"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$00F4BFFF-3280-46D5-A94D-D2E443B3B181","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"05b704879d6ef5ae552bc813a81bc64b397f90a6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5408088,"id":"Q5408088"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$51162CE3-6883-48F3-8738-1EA344BA6F58","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"28fa12a6380259cd0f2b9a2926b2af8397897f0c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4012870,"id":"Q4012870"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$6CCFDC91-4E1D-46F7-90F1-F735A46F754B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ebab252bf1eb1f9171824bae60425977b9d0b208","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1860895,"id":"Q1860895"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$25960E68-B87E-41F9-918D-BD79ABE5DA68","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e1277e6c76a23b577fc54258c4a6e53ecd3c2701","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":261453,"id":"Q261453"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$47F4B168-8EDF-436B-91D3-F547A43D206F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2fc25806aa5ca0941fbfb3ca7bd2b34a1341e500","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3142327,"id":"Q3142327"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$6870BC15-CD63-49C9-A05C-E1CE02E8028A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1eb23e19cb3942a9d7f6eb297c4d1d26db5e9fcf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2372251,"id":"Q2372251"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$51B3A31C-4ABE-4F1A-A9EF-41112AD37CA8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3bd47a3246de0a164603c2b21d07e9ed6a855eca","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3226244,"id":"Q3226244"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$54CC39D3-3CE0-40EA-AA5D-575A108E6B95","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fe6045e10dbbac29e044f64221973c8b031c8041","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5590591,"id":"Q5590591"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$1C887687-D3D7-4917-B704-7D62FEEE9240","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"aab563430f5e4ef4ad047b9476cb18793c764e25","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1874718,"id":"Q1874718"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$D5D83E18-9868-4A25-B424-FFE4BF92EEC9","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"06b7f2e8d1a662213f432127b1ebb8588b097cfe","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2016.06.013","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$48F3AA4C-7E61-4469-B5EF-9B588A8B86F9","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"777ce9ce1b99badcc2e6e076af03a1b7a3337c19","datavalue":{"value":"Recall that a weaker version of homogeneity is local homogeneity: A semi-Riemannian manifold \\((M, g)\\) is \\textit{locally homogeneous} if for each point \\(p\\in M\\) there exists a neighbourhood \\(U\\) such that the Killing vector fields of \\((U, g|_{U})\\) span \\(T_pM\\) when evaluated at \\(p\\). This paper studies local homogeneity for a certain class of Lorentzian manifolds, namely \\textit{pp-waves} and the particular class of \\textit{plane waves}. The first main result is the followingNEWLINENEWLINE\\textbf{Theorem 1.} Let \\((M, g)\\) be a pp-wave of arbitrary dimension with parallel null vector field \\(V\\). Assume that \\((M, g)\\) is strongly indecomposable and that almost everywhere the rank of its curvature endomorphism acting on \\(\\Lambda ^2TM\\) is larger than one. Then \\((M, g)\\) is a plane wave if it is locally \\(V^{\\bot}\\)-homogeneous.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q314033$AE42A46C-AD57-4359-AA78-4B329FD3C41A","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"19946e5a698d8e2d660c69fbfc8ab3f52c8f32fd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3992331,"id":"Q3992331"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b535d1e30aa208ab0726b9d16674e4435c2f8a8a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7675401568412781","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q314033$49358B2B-C60D-490B-944B-5A4BA6CE27ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9946e442dd681f105419d6871ce406ccb7cd69c5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2507664,"id":"Q2507664"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1b4a9c631a58868a09dee4268ddc4a567d1a93cf","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7640079855918884","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q314033$13CE229F-1505-4182-AF40-2527DCE3AFD8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e15f2395ee6da6aac9db9e2ba44f82df92a6120b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2387799,"id":"Q2387799"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b9ffcffd7857b05496200cdc3c473b05969cf6d2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7559278607368469","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q314033$59D4296C-CD40-4138-86C1-1FF04BFCB99A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e02bf239d20a3d7194a9c3bf9776d9251f70e201","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":974672,"id":"Q974672"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f0ee0885d05d83974424e1bf90eb1835293e717f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7531769275665283","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q314033$0196CA65-09DD-46E9-BB59-B9F3F454CB15","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d1c09c97a50129008fde1da813b3ae5d452e9155","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5009150,"id":"Q5009150"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b550d9512e1c132ea53f5b00ff30654a3f07de5d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7504730820655823","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q314033$1CBD2A55-B67A-4851-824B-1BEDA0CF17C0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:314033","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:314033"}}}}}