{"entities":{"Q386880":{"pageid":388647,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q386880","lastrevid":51888506,"modified":"2026-01-20T11:49:36Z","type":"item","id":"Q386880","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Transfinite extension of dimension function \\((m,n)\\text{-}\\dim\\)"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6237335"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$98289952-739E-4646-A789-E0076B147C8E","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"0d779652837a5e3e418c937f732d00b090f62833","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Transfinite extension of dimension function \\((m,n)\\text{-}\\dim\\)","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$426968BE-F686-4676-9C1F-0BD5BA8CF9D2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"2ebaec55599e4482dec857d6e4f83ab13cc15573","datavalue":{"value":"1302.54069","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$EA2B6EE2-1562-4B55-A218-D2567BB4E812","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"caed9871dffabe010c529575fe8b7c33d0847d94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":161372,"id":"Q161372"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$63CED157-0BA4-4F86-B677-BAF5D65B1A44","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"c4fe66de6d3b4034a482fd1741e73509403d666e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2013-12-11T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$F8FDA390-6440-489E-9E4A-87F7B0BF1C03","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3791bbe968f4947b6ae53aa3a12e25288c7938fb","datavalue":{"value":"54F45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$CA78C83B-607A-4D2B-A191-0B82BA855771","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"48e36294241193df8c23c2b9b0372ddf868c9e87","datavalue":{"value":"6237335","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$E5B3D72A-1D1F-470A-92EE-35F93B92AB4A","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d617552300f4cecb12de2baae0ea2abd93c4f040","datavalue":{"value":"transfinite dimension","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$B960519D-2674-4C5B-AE22-642A881ED084","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3896c7a221398d083c471ccf48b53f36f4e70848","datavalue":{"value":"dimension \\((m,n)\\text{-}\\dim\\)","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$84042C6E-5E80-47F0-A04F-476AE6F8F853","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a0c4b162ee3301a123a278cf4bf71887e460f0b5","datavalue":{"value":"ordinal numbers","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$D198FFBB-4CFD-4A24-AE27-4B630DCCF644","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"deff3b394535bb3b79fcb8b66b595c1ac0eb84b7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2074781,"id":"Q2074781"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$6C1424A7-4045-4BE9-B07B-1172F5CE18A5","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$0FE9C2FC-D369-4A72-B5BC-34CB0DD8A55B","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"cb29ada99f08bebef0440bfb5373716ed55fde06","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2013.07.045","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$747A6439-02DB-4CB1-B1B6-CAC158B79A74","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"6384a1e9ef9ec9157f3352150db76808314d295a","datavalue":{"value":"W2316504887","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$527DB600-08D9-474B-AEB7-4EEA3E810976","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e0aaac49d9bb02fbbaa0f85fa3d58f6a050336b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3810528,"id":"Q3810528"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$F8E14AE4-B04F-4106-9E94-BD376CE55793","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9f0b087a4a7223c40c32a494a6f415f61150d846","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3810529,"id":"Q3810529"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$A6C4851B-7481-4205-9CF0-C2C80958B307","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"482ac5f44e80db678f7bf873e3b5ce710ceccda1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":602031,"id":"Q602031"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$A1946977-2C42-4317-ABE6-58FABE02280F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"08b2e279dcbfd2f598856c6b0659249dc796a75a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3012593,"id":"Q3012593"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$2B42F0FC-4123-4FF1-8994-24A219E18753","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"37d591fc7c58b068b837b4865c00a621748f4d59","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5746553,"id":"Q5746553"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$EE09EEBC-AD7B-4550-842A-54A75B6C0846","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"06e3b5256bdc3d1defe29b82ed815af04166a834","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":469090,"id":"Q469090"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$EAB70D4D-3BE9-4737-A20B-2F4D194E30CD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f18020dd280a471900428ec5cc7df93977011277","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":469092,"id":"Q469092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$2D76EF00-80DD-42A5-8E60-B698CE43B4D9","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"d6635ba3baeae12acb6db0e45cc5179e6ae5dd59","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.TOPOL.2013.07.045","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$DD6A995F-484D-4478-9941-57D448EEB248","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"43003970730cd1dfbd3524cf06c76f02eb4fff3a","datavalue":{"value":"In [Mat. Vesn. 64, No. 4, 347--360 (2012; Zbl 1289.54104)] \\textit{V. V. Fedorchuk} introduced \\((m,n)\\)-dim for finite values. In this paper the author extends this function to transfinite values using the ordinal function Ord.NEWLINENEWLINE Before its definition we need some auxiliary notions. For a space \\(X\\) let \\(u= (U_1,\\dots, U_m)\\) be an \\(m\\)-element cover of \\(X\\) and let \\(\\Phi= (F_1,\\dots,F_m)\\) be a family of closed subsets such that \\(F_j\\subset U_j\\) for \\(j=1,\\dots,m\\). Then \\((\\Phi, u)\\) is called an \\(m\\)-pair in \\(X\\) and \\(m(X)\\) is the set of all \\(m\\)-pairs in \\(X\\).NEWLINENEWLINE A closed set \\(P\\) is called an \\(n\\)-partition of an \\(m\\)-pair \\((\\Phi,u)\\) iff \\(P= X-\\bigcup v\\) for some family of open subsets \\(v= (V_1,\\dots,V_m)\\) such that \\(F_j\\subset V_j\\subset U_j\\) for \\(j=1,\\dots,m\\) and \\(\\text{ord\\,}v\\leq n\\). A sequence \\(\\Sigma= \\{(\\Phi_i u_i)\\in m(X):i=1,\\dots, r\\}\\) is \\(n\\) iff there exist \\(n\\)-partitions \\(P_i\\) for \\(i=1,\\dots,r\\) such that \\(\\bigcap_{i=1,\\dots, r}P_i=\\varnothing\\), otherwise \\(\\Sigma\\) is called \\(n\\)-essential.NEWLINENEWLINE In the finite case the dimension function \\((m,n)\\)-dim was defined by \\textit{V. V. Fedorchuk} [Valuations for dimension \\((m,n)\\)-dim, Mat. Vestnik. MSU (2013)] as follows:NEWLINENEWLINE \\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X=-1\\) iff \\(X=\\varnothing\\);NEWLINENEWLINE \\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X\\leq k\\), for some \\(k= 0,1,\\dots\\), if every sequence \\(\\Sigma= \\{(\\Phi_i, u_i)\\in m(X):i= 1,\\dots, k+1\\}\\) is \\(n\\)-inessential in \\(X\\);NEWLINENEWLINE \\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X=\\infty\\) iff \\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X> k\\), for all integers \\(k=-1,0,1,\\dots\\).NEWLINENEWLINE The ordinal function Ord was defined by \\textit{P. Borst} [Fundam. Math. 130, No. 1, 1--25 (1988; Zbl 0661.54035)]. Let \\(T\\subset\\text{Fin\\,}S\\), where \\(\\text{Fin\\,}S\\) is the set of all finite sequences of elements of a set \\(S\\). For \\(\\sigma\\in\\{\\varnothing\\}\\cup \\text{Fin\\,}S\\) we put \\(T^\\sigma= \\{\\tau\\in \\text{Fin\\,}S:\\tau\\cup\\sigma\\in T, \\tau\\cap\\sigma= \\varnothing\\}\\). Then the ordinal number \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T\\) is defined as follows:NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T= 0\\) iff \\(T=\\varnothing\\);NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T\\leq\\alpha\\) iff \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T^s<\\alpha\\) for every \\(s\\in X\\);NEWLINENEWLINE \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T=\\infty\\) iff \\(\\text{Ord\\,}T\\leq\\alpha\\) holds for no ordinal number \\(\\alpha\\).NEWLINENEWLINE Putting \\(M_{m(X)}= \\{\\Sigma\\in \\text{Fin\\,}m(X)\\): the sequence \\(\\Sigma\\) is \\(n\\)-essential in \\(X\\}\\) we define: NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-dim}= \\text{Ord\\,}M_{m(X)}.NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE The transfinite dimension function \\(\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\)-dim classifies al \\((m,n)\\)-\\(C\\)-spaces. By \\textit{V. V. Fedorchuk} [Topology Appl. 157, No. 17, 2622--2634 (2010; Zbl 1211.54048)], a space is called a \\((m,n)\\)-\\(C\\)-spaces iff every sequence \\(\\{(\\Phi_i,u_i)\\in m(X)\\): \\(i=1,2,\\dots\\}\\) contains a finite \\(n\\)-inessential subsequence.NEWLINENEWLINE The dimension function tr-\\((2,1)\\)-\\(C\\)-dim coincides with the transfinite extension of dim introduced by Borst [loc. cit.].NEWLINENEWLINE The closed subspace theorem is proven and the following closed sum theorem:NEWLINENEWLINE When \\(X= X_1\\cup X_2\\) for two closed subsets \\(X_1\\) and \\(X_2\\) of \\(X\\). Then NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-}\\dim X\\leq\\max(\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-}\\dim X_1,\\;\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-}\\dim X_2)\\oplus (\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-}\\dim X_1\\cap X_2)+ 1).NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE Where \\(\\oplus\\) is the lower sum, i.e., when \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) are ordinal numbers and \\(\\alpha= \\alpha'+p\\) and \\(\\beta= \\beta'+ q\\), where \\(\\alpha'\\) and \\(\\beta'\\) are limit ordinals and \\(p\\) and \\(q\\) are integers. Then if \\(\\alpha'>\\beta': \\alpha\\oplus\\beta= \\alpha\\); if \\(\\alpha'< \\beta':\\alpha\\oplus \\beta=\\beta\\); if \\(\\alpha'= \\beta':\\alpha\\oplus \\beta= \\alpha+q= \\beta+q\\).NEWLINENEWLINE The transfinite dimension function tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind is defined as follows by Fedorchuk [loc. cit. 2013]:NEWLINENEWLINE tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(X=-1\\) iff \\(X=\\varnothing\\);NEWLINENEWLINE tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(X\\leq\\alpha\\) iff for every \\((\\Phi,u)\\in m(X)\\) there exists an \\(n\\)-partition \\(P\\) such that tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(P<\\alpha\\);NEWLINENEWLINE tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(X=\\infty\\) iff tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(X\\leq\\alpha\\) holds for no ordinal number \\(\\alpha\\).NEWLINENEWLINE The relation \\(\\dim\\leq\\text{Ind}\\) is extended by proving tr-\\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X\\leq\\text{tr-}(m,n)\\text{-Ind\\,}X\\).NEWLINENEWLINE In \\textit{P. Borst} [Fundam. Math. 130, No. 2, 73--99 (1988; Zbl 0661.54036)] a compact metric space was constructed such that tr-\\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X=\\omega_0\\) and tr-\\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\text{Ind\\,} X= \\omega_0+1\\). The author asks the question to construct spaces with different tr-\\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X\\) and tr-\\((m,n)\\)-Ind\\,\\(X\\) for other values of \\(m\\), \\(n\\) and \\(\\alpha\\).NEWLINENEWLINE The main question remains (see Fedorchuk, [loc. cit. 2010]) to prove the existence of spaces with different tr-\\((m,n)\\)-\\(\\dim X\\) for different values of \\(m\\) and/or \\(n\\). In that case these functions really have their own role as transfinite dimensions.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$C8946493-AB65-4EBB-8B85-3C8EC78179C9","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"202d49dfb8cf099df2f81ed0a9233de9d48ad465","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":462245,"id":"Q462245"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q386880$A8F21223-DBC5-4FD8-94D5-D836507960DC","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"aefae70ebd40a41d8bb583c26068eda1b80c3032","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1114961,"id":"Q1114961"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bc3fbdb6dde9db97843d227987bd7325a908dcdd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.816949188709259","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q386880$078C8732-2FB2-4CA8-B64B-FCF3B77ECF69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"04d17b72e0f294350738ca5ba0d834728db2ae88","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2448755,"id":"Q2448755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1f4089d61f1e665bd8a8dc2c8d20e168bb2d7821","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8110554814338684","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q386880$A2CBCE19-F77E-447F-9E83-FF71C235B677","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4c15405bc3388e4b61803160a12285eab6e402a9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1884808,"id":"Q1884808"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"737399f5bb5d7ab9aaf3c9b076915d6fa328e520","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7978442907333374","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q386880$61F98935-5AA3-4D78-8644-D3EDAE011282","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c3a2826b5276bae960b60e997fe8f344df10f76c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5932685,"id":"Q5932685"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b7708a205d4b8b26d0ca730c9910af61f94d9270","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7862218022346497","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q386880$A012F5E0-A432-498C-8949-4342F048459F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c0d6aab85cb8c6b7cacf1583fe47d578472712cd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4704783,"id":"Q4704783"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b1ff21eb08850c6dfd4f4083212fca4b8abf3431","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7852710485458374","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q386880$5FE44424-8834-414E-B950-B93A8C9DB8ED","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:386880","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:386880"}}}}}