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1980, \\textit{R. P. Stanley} [SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods 1, 168--184 (1980; Zbl 0502.05004)] proved the following theorem: Let \\(R = k[x_1, \\dots, x_r]\\), where \\(k\\) has characteristic zero. Let \\(I = (x_1^{a_1}, \\dots, x_r^{a_r})\\). Let \\(\\ell\\) be a general linear form. Then, for any positive integers \\(d\\) and \\(i\\), the homomorphism induced by multiplication by \\(\\ell^d\\), \\(\\times \\ell^d: [R/I]_i \\rightarrow [R/I]_{i+d}\\), has maximal rank. This theorem has been reproved by a number of mathematicians using a variety of techniques and has motivated the study of the weak and strong Lefschetz properties. Let \\(A = R/I\\) be a graded artinian algebra, where \\(k\\) is an infinite field, and let \\(\\ell\\) be a general linear form. \\(A\\) is said to have the \\textit{weak Lefschetz property} (WLP) if the homomorphism induced by multiplication by \\(\\ell\\), \\(\\times \\ell: A_i \\rightarrow A_{i+1}\\), has maximal rank for all \\(i\\) (i.e., is injective or surjective). Further, we say that \\(A\\) has the \\textit{strong Lefschetz property} if \\(\\times \\ell^d: A_i \\rightarrow A_{i+d}\\), has maximal rank for all \\(i\\) and \\(d\\) (i.e., is injective or surjective).NEWLINENEWLINEThis paper is a survey of the different directions and research that has resulted from studying these properties. The directions highlight the intersection of commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, and combinatorics. 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