{"entities":{"Q393273":{"pageid":395040,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q393273","lastrevid":61537995,"modified":"2026-04-11T00:00:58Z","type":"item","id":"Q393273","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The LeChatelier principle for changes in risk"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6246517"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$5BDC5D94-E865-4573-9D67-73E5FF12BD62","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"f9bd196fcd1774fe0239641f950f4462b6518015","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The LeChatelier principle for changes in risk","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$ABA504E2-A414-4B4A-AFB2-0F3B38A94BC0","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"aa962ce9028d2fe7f8d0a6122d4309333adea4bc","datavalue":{"value":"1287.91094","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$479942DB-D685-494F-A5FD-961BD64C591A","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e898e78ba917981b02efa11f9367eb3fff4583cb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":393272,"id":"Q393272"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$FB76FE2D-636E-4AD4-BB8B-3C4211538205","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e4c2e988e5006d85760634c8bd82b90d5dc4af6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":176927,"id":"Q176927"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$4037EAF8-9376-4CA4-9C27-D1FF5CB6DB07","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"9094b62160fbbb09066d67269c0f1a577ec33a61","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2014-01-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$0041D7DE-DAF9-4E12-88C6-9A8728AE6EA6","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"95014dacc5b16e2d3284bf8fd302daab9c5e4a55","datavalue":{"value":"Le Chatelier's principle states that in systems with positive feedbacks, the unrestricted response of an endogenous variable to a change in an exogenous variable is in the same direction and stronger in magnitude than the restricted response. The author demonstrates that this principle, introduced to economics by Samuelson, extends naturally to the comparative statics of changes in risk: in the presence of positive feedbacks between the decision variables, the unrestricted response to an increase in risk is in the same direction and stronger in magnitude than the restricted response (i.e. other decision variables fixed). The concepts of \\(N\\)th-degree risk complements and \\(N\\)th-degree risk substitutes are defined. In the case when two decision variables are either \\(N\\)th-degree risk complements or \\(N\\)th-degree risk substitutes, the unrestricted response of both variables to a risk change in the form of an \\(N\\)th-degree stochastically dominated shift is in the same direction and at least as strong in magnitude as the restricted response.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$C3572AE6-38B2-49DD-8132-1FD71AC40E68","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"5f7441be64b8499c70b7e03f07a670da8ab6fb7c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":589935,"id":"Q589935"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$ED522185-28F8-47CD-ABD6-25F2C8BBC7A5","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e54dfc2ecddf296ea542bd5ed5f10672d6b15158","datavalue":{"value":"91B30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$6F0AACD2-04A6-4668-962F-AAFA773C7493","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"484a53c33fe728f641ff4837f23bb0a746ae21a1","datavalue":{"value":"91B06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$9C8AD6C0-472B-4170-BC37-1CCA9078E517","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"11384e4df6555916906b57da73aac699f2e86f0c","datavalue":{"value":"6246517","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$2B5CEDCC-DAD1-43C0-AB54-CFDB449D329E","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"73119ef3f8b458c82cf1f5ac4beccda9f0027758","datavalue":{"value":"Le Chatelier's principle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$0C5EF2CF-BC40-428F-984C-240EA3241894","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5ebd9fcbaf88e864d36bdf022a35205309c13c50","datavalue":{"value":"risk changes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$54E6AE0E-34C2-4881-BC5F-D079EE49DD99","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6911ffa18a7a52a6a407b2179ff5c9dc50ddf590","datavalue":{"value":"multivariate control","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$FEB176A0-D259-41F2-8C3B-4284F96AAD73","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$03FCE566-6893-4A55-9C40-C47FC2327220","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"1957aff675b073780807e9fc039963a8c04370c8","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2013.05.006","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$F4DA3628-33FB-48A1-A05D-AAB84C35753B","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"102521802309870fad1bef8cd7588ce0d3d7c858","datavalue":{"value":"W2063879951","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$80DA6EDD-8679-4387-9613-488730D0A8D5","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0992402a2253dc55dd4cf8633d66f6f2f3417d9f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4551450,"id":"Q4551450"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$9C3DD0E8-20C9-4366-BC65-E233BBE8663C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8b8d2eec46ee507b073ede607b18754beefe0f17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":972728,"id":"Q972728"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$08622AFC-0C9B-4A0D-8554-FD5A26AAB0B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0e21411f5569939076ccdded6263dafcf17e7ea3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":420994,"id":"Q420994"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$49362B20-6003-42AB-9A22-47F33D2556C7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fdf90c589618a11c224aaf67ace9a1ebe4b02f78","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1302126,"id":"Q1302126"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$F559D95F-F332-4153-98A6-DD274A1C1E9E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c66f5b647e4ef4843822e353ffd5e9168862882e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2365167,"id":"Q2365167"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$1D5A76C3-19B4-4E5B-97D6-273C475F5696","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ed0269151713b3f03a26d5fb977c40ae335564f2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2736598,"id":"Q2736598"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$08268297-DF7A-48B3-9E03-B0FC7D301F01","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1154c472affed19bf9dd48d59846c6775146a8b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1371130,"id":"Q1371130"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$160DF3E8-30F8-49F0-AD3A-6DB2516FF3A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ae71eb3e5a5d62ed1130de10afd8d299eab070b5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2276854,"id":"Q2276854"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$46E1383F-1A10-42BB-A388-709FF213D04A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6f3b8ee0d29da9f4da3e36e2d322e3642f18615d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":792197,"id":"Q792197"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$A676DAA6-3C12-473A-8C89-10BF307B6465","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"573805dc2c5c826133ac37569130aec81e429ba7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2581792,"id":"Q2581792"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$9FD8D9ED-B26C-4A6F-9A41-9EBE02725619","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8fe0ccfd285c335f09611275ce57e759153b6c19","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5787677,"id":"Q5787677"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$ED73E8C7-3FD5-431F-9A89-588837A90146","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"305c2d215ae4467be27498a49eb562190f62b44b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3274565,"id":"Q3274565"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$54D61458-B870-450A-9A04-24905B9B40E1","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"626bac011099197cdba1c4a6275d81ed256e9f3b","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.JMATECO.2013.05.006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q393273$44715378-0BF5-45B2-83D5-12FD9B271663","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7162f9ed50a26307d1beae5a246c015101cc35d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4223379,"id":"Q4223379"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"67ba833129ddccafd945f77e1627135c210b49cd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8007807731628418","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q393273$4518B3BA-F837-4FFB-985F-5A6F9BF0A07D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"45a1360dbb56e72a50fcb076ae768e965b19191d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1584696,"id":"Q1584696"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"fb4a73ab5083a6165aef75bdbfba6b96f009f289","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7618305087089539","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q393273$51EEA49E-0B84-4895-8FE3-94B967FF5F43","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"60c94256eb0bcfebf2009021358ba0d975203dbc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3400028,"id":"Q3400028"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6a3515e07d87e3f8d3b3d5b9cbfdc4d6ccdc2356","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7597664594650269","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q393273$24656E12-FF88-40EB-9943-7D953DDB5497","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3312d713212664675ddac1c5e9dbc463bc81f8d9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1198213,"id":"Q1198213"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"94e6be72379ca71730fca85fdbfd2e505fc2efff","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75870680809021","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q393273$612ADE06-5AB0-4440-9F1C-E033497F051F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"09246f2ea95d74ff9d802af9ee3c960c9d542a20","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2268901,"id":"Q2268901"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"635fbf0c2d703fe9ebacedbffbf9be5a855a5be6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7586154341697693","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q393273$E1E05D03-A1BC-47EA-853D-07E8C3311190","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The LeChatelier principle for changes in risk","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_LeChatelier_principle_for_changes_in_risk"}}}}}