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paper investigates splitting criteria for vector bundles and reflexive sheaves on the complex \\(n\\)-dimensional projective space and on other varieties. The introduction, that starts with \\textit{R. Hartshorne}'s conjecture [Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 80, 1017--1032 (1974; Zbl 0304.14005)], contains a clear and concise list of known results, back to \\textit{G. Horrocks}' criterion [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 14, 689--713 (1964; Zbl 0126.16801)] up to the theorem by \\textit{N. Mohan Kumar} et al. [Manuscr. Math. 112, No. 2, 183--189 (2003; Zbl 1030.14008)]. It includes those criteria that are based on the vanishing of some cohomology, on the properties of the hyperplane restriction and on the extendibility (see \\textit{G. R. Kempf} [Forum Math. 2, No. 5, 477--480 (1990; Zbl 0715.14004)]) and are all algebraic. However the focus of the paper is analytic and its methods are based on results on holomorphic connections of the previous paper by \\textit{H. S. Luk} and \\textit{S. S. T. Yau} [Math. Nachr. 161, 233--238 (1993; Zbl 0809.14013)]. It provides the proofs of two theorems: 1. A holomorphic vector bundle \\(\\mathbb{E}\\) on \\(\\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^n\\) splits if and only if \\(p^*\\mathbb{E}\\) extends to a vector bundle on \\(\\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^{n+1}\\), where \\(p: \\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^{n+1} \\to \\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^n\\) is the projection from a point \\(\\xi \\notin \\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^n\\).NEWLINENEWLINE2. If a holomorphic vector bundle \\(\\mathbb{E}\\) on \\(\\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^n\\) has rank less \\(2[\\frac{n}{2}]\\), then it splits if and only if the local cohomology groups \\(H^i_{\\{\\xi\\}}(\\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^{n+1},\\bar{\\mathbb{E}}(k)) = 0, \\forall k \\in Z\\) and \\(1 < i < n, \\bar{\\mathbb{E}}\\) being the extension of \\(p^*\\mathbb{E}\\) on \\(\\mathbb{C}\\mathbb{P}^{n+1}\\) (\\(p\\) as above).NEWLINENEWLINEThe paper also considers splitting criteria for reflexive sheaves on projective varieties and proves the following theorem (that generalizes both \\textit{P. Bakhtary} [Pac. J. Math. 252, No. 1, 19--29 (2011; Zbl 1228.14047)], and \\textit{T. Abe} and \\textit{M. Yoshinaga} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 136, No. 6, 1887--1891 (2008; Zbl 1139.14034)]):NEWLINENEWLINE3. Let \\(H\\) be an effective ample divisor on a smooth projective variety \\(X\\) of dimension \\(\\geq 4\\). Assume that \\(X\\) is a Horrock's variety, i.e. that \\(H^1(X,L) = H^2(X,L) = 0\\), for all line bundles \\(L\\). 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