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this lengthy paper, the authors study irreducible spherical functions for which the first results date back to 1950 (Gel'fand; in a special case there is a one-to-one correspondence between all zonal spherical functions and a sequence of orthogonal polynomials).NEWLINENEWLINEAn important step was taken in a paper by \\textit{F. A. Gr\u00fcnbaum} et al. [J. Funct. Anal. 188, No. 2, 350--441 (2002; Zbl 0996.43013)] and the present work is an extension of results from Chapter 5 in the authors' paper [J. Lie Theory 24, No. 1, 147--157 (2014; Zbl 1291.43010)]. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S1. Introduction [3 pages]. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S2. Preliminaries [\\(6{1\\over 2}\\) pages]. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINESpherical functions, root space structure of \\(\\mathbf{so}(n,\\mathbb{C})\\) (Lie algebra), special operators, Gel'fand-Tsetlin basis with irreducible representations for the chain of subgroups \\(\\mathrm{SO}(n-2)>\\mathrm{SO}(n-3)>\\cdots >\\mathrm{SO}(3)>\\mathrm{SO}(2)\\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S3. The differential operator \\(\\Delta\\) [\\(3{1\\over 2}\\) pages].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe operator works on \\(\\mathrm{SO}(n+1)\\) and is given by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\Delta=\\sum_{j=1}^n\\,I_{n+1,j}^2,NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where \\(I_{n+1,j}=E_{j,n+1}-E_{n+1,j}\\) and \\(I_{ik}\\) is a square matrix with \\(1\\) in the \\(ik\\) position and zeros elsewhere. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEStudy of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues in order to give insight into fundamental \\(K\\)-types associated with the pair \\((G,K)= (\\mathrm{SO}(n+1),\\mathrm{SO}(n))\\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S4. The \\(K\\)-types which are \\(M\\)-irreducible [\\(2{1\\over 2}\\) pages].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEHere \\(K=\\mathrm{SO}(n),\\;M=\\mathrm{SO}(n)\\) with \\(n=2\\ell +1\\); the main result isNEWLINENEWLINE{ Theorem 4.2}. The scalar valued functions \\(H=h\\), associated with the irreducible spherical functions on \\(\\mathrm{SO}(n+1),\\;n=2\\ell\\), of \\(\\mathrm{SO}(n)\\)-type \\(m_n=(d,\\ldots,d,\\pm d)\\in\\mathbb{C}^{\\ell}\\), are parametrized by the integers \\(w\\geq d\\) and explicitly given by NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEh_w(y)=uy^d{}_2F_1\\left(\\begin{matrix} d-w,2\\ell +d+w-1 \\\\ 2d+\\ell;y\\end{matrix}\\right)NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE where the constant \\(u\\) is determined by the condition \\(h_w(1)=1\\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S5. The operator \\(\\Delta\\) for the fundamental \\(K\\)-types [4 pages].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEHere explicit expressions for the cases \\(K=\\mathrm{SO}(2\\ell)\\) and \\(K=\\mathrm{SO}(2\\ell +1)\\) are given (fundamental \\(K\\)-modules, fundamental weights). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S6. The spherical functions of fundamental \\(K\\)-types [\\(3{1\\over 2}\\) pages].NEWLINENEWLINE Role of \\(2\\times 2\\) matrix-valued functions and their hypergeometric differential equation. Furthermore \\(\\Delta\\)-eigenvalues of spherical functions and polynomial eigenfunction of the hypergeometric operator \\textbf{D} arise, NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\mathbf{D}P=y(1-y)P''+(C-yU)P'-VP,NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE with NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEC=\\left(\\begin{matrix} (n/2+1) & 1 \\\\ 1 & (n/2+1)\\end{matrix}\\right),\\;U=(n+2)I,\\;V=\\left(\\begin{matrix} p & 0 \\\\ 0 & n-p\\end{matrix}\\right),NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE and \\(n\\) is of the form \\(2\\ell\\) or \\(2\\ell +1\\) for \\(\\ell\\in\\mathbb{N}\\) and \\(1\\leq p<\\ell\\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe main result states the eigenvalues polynomial eigenfunctions (from \\(\\mathbb{C}^2\\)) to be \\(-w(w+n+1)-p\\) or \\(-w(w+n+1)-n+p\\) with \\(w\\in\\mathbb{N}_0\\) with the degree of the polynomial being \\(w\\) and the leading coefficient a multiple of \\(\\left(\\begin{matrix}1\\\\ 0\\end{matrix}\\right)\\) or \\(\\left(\\begin{matrix} 0\\\\ 1\\end{matrix}\\right)\\) respectively.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S7. The inner product [6 pages].NEWLINENEWLINE Using Haar measure and Schur's orthogonality relations the authors proveNEWLINENEWLINE{ Proposition 7.1.} If \\(\\Phi_1\\), \\(\\Phi_2\\) are two irreducible spherical functions of type \\(\\pi\\in \\tilde{K}\\), then NEWLINE\\[NEWLINE\\langle\\Phi_1,\\Phi_2\\rangle={(n--1)!!\\over (n-2)!!}{2\\over \\omega_{*}}\\sum_{i=1}^m\\,(y(1-y))^{n/2-1}h_i(y) \\overline{f_i(y)} dy,NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE with \\(\\omega^{*}=\\pi\\) if \\(n\\) is even and \\(\\omega^{*}=2\\) if \\(n\\) is odd. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S8. Matrix valued orthogonal polynomials [\\(1{1\\over 2}\\) pages].NEWLINENEWLINE Construction of a sequence of matrix valued polynomials related to irreducible spherical functions of type \\(\\pi\\in {\\hat{\\mathrm{SO}}}(n)\\) of highest weight \\(m_p=(1,\\ldots,1,0,\\ldots,0)\\in\\mathbb{C}^{\\ell}\\) with \\(p\\) ones. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\\S9. The \\(\\mathrm{SO}(2\\ell +1)\\)-type with heighest weight \\(2\\lambda_{\\ell}\\) [8 pages].NEWLINENEWLINE Spherical functions, hypergeometric sidderential equation and vector valued eigenfunctions.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEAppendix [\\(1{1\\over 2}\\) pages].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEProof of Proposition 3.2.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEReferences [1 page].NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe list contains 25 items.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q401260$86740987-880F-4CF4-9AEE-0DBCD2C567C5","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f530c411b36123c14e08350c2f431b5b3964aa90","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":478581,"id":"Q478581"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8636c347574cdf515e5c9ba3eb8d0931eba6e501","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8643926382064819","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q401260$0B9E50D3-8395-40AE-9D15-258D6B25AEE8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5a14c9ba41e006841451b9aaf769d23e26aae185","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2871404,"id":"Q2871404"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d4d5cf4284a55e9765552cfe8d4ce249da5fcdc8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8407382369041443","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q401260$1D0B0015-397A-41D3-942E-7D660A90CFB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39cc48e599d10cde1272fabb971b2522e90fc817","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4634635,"id":"Q4634635"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5298fc8fd82ca13a302b84bed29783534822ef13","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8152484893798828","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q401260$AD7D1C4B-F464-47DB-8133-9F070ABB1FEA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2f18244f13ce2ebe71bf63a080f3c33b375addd0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3421591,"id":"Q3421591"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"59ddb7a3c620833f4f2f06a1f5e4cd107dc14783","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8107749223709106","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q401260$2DC0461C-2EF9-4748-B4F3-40DB634914DF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"71c38772ab09503f391002f6f266995aada0f03e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4807420,"id":"Q4807420"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ed5aa984240d05ddaf3fd309f4efbc9be72fd77b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8054397702217102","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q401260$184527C9-8744-4F1E-BF29-29E84B621197","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:401260","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:401260"}}}}}