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author computes the Galois group of Laguerre polynomials NEWLINE\\[NEWLINEL_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)=\\sum_{j=0}^n \\dfrac{(n+\\alpha)(n-1+\\alpha) \\cdots (j+1+\\alpha)}{(n-j)!j!} (-x)^j,NEWLINE\\]NEWLINE with \\(n\\) and \\(\\alpha\\) integer numbers, whose discriminant is a square. In [the author et al., J. Th\u00e9or. Nombres Bordx. 25, No. 1, 1--30 (2013; Zbl 1287.11128)], an explicit description of the integer pairs \\((n,\\alpha)\\) for which the discriminant of \\(L_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)\\) is a rational square was obtained.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the paper under review, it is shown that, among these pairs, for \\(2\\leq n \\leq 5\\), the Galois group of \\(L_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)\\) is the alternating group \\(A_n\\) except for the pairs \\((4,-1)\\) and \\((4,23)\\). For \\(n\\geq 6\\), it is shown that the Galois group of \\(L_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)\\) is \\(A_n\\) if and only if \\(L_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)\\) is irreducible over the field of rational numbers. The proof uses the Newton polygons of the \\(L_n^{(\\alpha)}(x)\\) as well as results of \\textit{G. Dumas} [Journ. de Math. (6) 2, 191--258 (1906; JFM 37.0096.01)] to establish irreducibility, and of \\textit{F. Hajir} [J. Th\u00e9or. Nombres Bordx. 17, No. 2, 517--525 (2005; Zbl 1094.11042)] to determine the Galois groups. 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