{"entities":{"Q4040462":{"pageid":6070179,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q4040462","lastrevid":108783917,"modified":"2026-11-10T06:46:08Z","type":"item","id":"Q4040462","labels":{},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 193656"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$24CA8894-8AA8-495D-868D-5594B3AFF025","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a1ffdf41e3df45a5107ee00aeddd14aeb5a8b816","datavalue":{"value":"0694.46034","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$D378CD96-FF6C-4D8C-99C5-9CEA97C9438F","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e811a0b35945545691fb85ce776b344a3c94a8f7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":653959,"id":"Q653959"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$F8334ED4-6F10-4552-81D2-143C0A8FB077","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"28319e3934f5b194abbcd5639e9eae3758e9e43c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1993-06-05T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$9753F6B6-0157-40F1-8A9F-4DBD10D5ECE4","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"78f0787488d9da66c0ca3a1441eb3e54df081e1f","datavalue":{"value":"46H99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$4DF2A765-310E-4DA4-903D-CC43031B64E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c615872a0eacefed2bafd4d21c4bb4125ffc5b1e","datavalue":{"value":"46L99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$F2F18CDF-21B3-4581-A869-C7FB1EB60CCF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"135efab621ed5685b7ae2e956d32d4c26e500310","datavalue":{"value":"46H05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$354D91B1-A17E-464B-B2BE-677284CB19C6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8a68ffb54488b758eb40bc388888d93ef8bede06","datavalue":{"value":"47B47","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$68BE7CBA-4B14-4EC2-B8A6-F705B859F6D3","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"e3f24753c9cf439cc634c3ad63f8588ab73ab100","datavalue":{"value":"193656","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$1BE7FDF9-790E-455C-A117-0F6611F2C914","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"db31ad8c72d243d275586e939d303dd206219f68","datavalue":{"value":"ultraprime Banach algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$5EAFA711-E886-447A-A2F7-E2002B1CAB00","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c641631c62260c3101fc8d292888318d65c1868","datavalue":{"value":"prime \\(C^*\\)-algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$93A1BE02-7BDA-4D6E-8CF8-CE77F67360D6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9a3a2c3b393e4ce98522034491329eba31294581","datavalue":{"value":"multiplication operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$36B95229-B1E5-42BB-805B-FAE29A413063","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"51e28a7e172db13d384309893a88441a52bff250","datavalue":{"value":"elementary operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$57E8B2D6-13E2-4589-89F9-F66CD28475BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"29048388ed5ad041a0bced172cad5cd47c975c2b","datavalue":{"value":"Calkin algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$D298BF4C-0FD3-423A-A39C-90534706D5C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7033c6687afaea655541a9679cdb34f32b07c52d","datavalue":{"value":"ultrapower algebra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$6C4B08EC-96E5-4242-B735-0EC67D3583F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5661508ff414d2a6eec76a25fca36ce145ca08f1","datavalue":{"value":"completely positive elementary operator","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$B6427B18-75C7-464E-AE16-7C1BE3B60C80","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7b5cc71891567b0c04bed14fb4d8a8eb28d57d7c","datavalue":{"value":"joint spectra","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$37367A18-5CD2-48BD-B76E-79DCCBE8FA24","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$23B57FC9-ABEE-4D90-B2F6-3A78DBA5AB58","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e532bcec3c5d4ebfe46f6bc5d0aed564f9e33aaf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3492201,"id":"Q3492201"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5d6263cd0b15d09ba9e9ca6df254c9fa91c122ea","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8821701407432556","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4040462$1FB8EDFD-4344-4126-88D6-1CFD975251B9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c481c0418d23889e0755178858ee363e5700a5e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5865499,"id":"Q5865499"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"163ba2c94754685ab0f5b7128c220bc6f9dd6135","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8611494302749634","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4040462$290C59A0-6E12-45B2-A898-000EB95A3BCE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2b74d3d8c8f40f60327a422be1a11bd9b0e9a39b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3479025,"id":"Q3479025"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1572120331323b11e2e841c50ba9f624550053c4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8469263315200806","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4040462$DCA4A977-D853-45D3-B016-A92DA0589B7D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e9151141db1461aa1c63e0a65fab5b5336dafd5b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1105158,"id":"Q1105158"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"caf67ab8dcc3a6d6eb7c453524258159403cb192","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8465898036956787","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4040462$70BAE64A-0346-4884-8F87-499C5691EA73","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c650ee469c276508addd70a50781428d4f582c53","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4284075,"id":"Q4284075"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bef7457b86feaa188db3882425d05a7aa06eabf0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8073806166648865","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q4040462$FD05D0FF-A34C-4AAC-A230-6DD81BA2B6CA","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"d6e74f3228fe730c340517ee89dd5dcf2de60ee2","datavalue":{"value":"Let A be a normed algebra. For elements a, b in A, the operator \\(M_{a,b}\\) denotes the multiplication operator defined by \\(M_{a,b}(x)=axb\\). A linear combination S of multiplication operators written as \\(S=\\sum^{n}_{j=1}M_{a_ j,b_ j}\\), is called an elementary operator of length n. The present thesis investigates the theory of elementary operators on ultraprime normed (Banach and \\(C^*\\)- )algebras. In this setting, the author derives many results proved before in case \\(A=L(E)\\) for a Banach or Hilbert space E, the Calkin algebra or for those elementary operators of special type such as derivations, too many to cite here related literature. The algebra A is said to be ultraprime if its ultrapower algebra \\(\\hat A_ U\\) with respect to a free ultrafilter U on \\({\\mathbb{N}}\\), the natural integers, is a prime algebra. In case A being a \\(C^*\\)-algebra, this coincides with the usual primeness. The article consists of seven chapters with two appendices about ultraproducts and joint spectra. After three preliminary chapters, the author presents in Chapter 4 treating the identity \\(S=0\\) one of his main results (Theorem 4.2): Let A be a ultraprime normed algebra and let \\(S=\\sum^{n}_{j=1}M_{a_ j,b_ j}\\). Assume that \\(\\{b_ 1,...,b_ m\\}\\) is a maximal linearly independent subset of \\(\\{b_ j\\}\\) and that \\(\\lambda_{jk}\\) are complex numbers such that \\(b_ j=\\sum^{m}_{k=1}\\lambda_{jk}b_ k\\) for \\(m+1\\leq j\\leq m\\). Then the following are equivalent: (a) \\(S=0\\), \\(a_ k=-\\sum^{n}_{j=m+1}\\lambda_{jk}a_ j\\) for \\(1\\leq k\\leq m\\). In case \\(m=n\\), condition (b) should be understood as \\(a_ k=0\\) for all k. Chapter 5 concerns with the positivity of elementary operators, thus working on a prime \\(C^*\\)-algebra A. Here the form of a completely positive elementary operator S is determined as \\(S=\\sum^{n}_{j=1}M_{c^*_ j,c_ j}\\) choosing appropriate \\(\\{c_ j\\}\\) (Theorem 5.5). The author also determines the standard form of S which is (n-1)-positive but not n-positive. In chapter 6, the author discusses mainly relations between the compactness of the operator S and properties of \\(\\{a_ j\\}\\), \\(\\{b_ j\\}\\) in connection with the set of compact elements K(A) of A (an element a is said to be compact if the operator \\(M_{a,a}\\) is a compact operator). The last chapter 7 treats the spectra of elementary operators. Here, employing the notion of the joint spectra due to \\textit{R. E. Harte} [Proc. R. Ir. Acad. 72A, 89-107 (1972; Zbl 0231.47001)], the author determines relevant joint spectra of the operator \\(S=\\sum^{n}_{j=1}M_{a_ j,b_ j}\\) for commuting n-tuples \\(\\{a_ j\\}\\), \\(\\{b_ j\\}\\) in an ultraprime unital Banach algebra (Theorem 7.8).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q4040462$1AFF271A-4203-4630-87F7-1E1F4CE99174","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:4040462","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:4040462"}}}}}