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The author considers the conjecture raised by \\textit{J.-L.~Colliot-Th\u00e9l\u00e8ne} [Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 67, 1--12 (1999; Zbl 0981.14003)] which asserts that the Brauer-Manin obstruction to the Hasse principle for zero-cycles of degree 1 is the only one. The main result of the paper establishes this conjecture under the assumptions that all fibres of \\(\\pi\\) are geometrically integral, the Tate-Shafarevich group of the Jacobian of \\(C\\) is finite and all fibres over some ``generalized Hilbertian'' subset of \\(C\\) satisfy the Hasse principle. Some parallel results are obtained for the Brauer--Manin obstruction to weak approximation. This is applied to the example of \\textit{B.~Poonen} [Ann. Math. (2) 171, No. 3, 2157--2169 (2010; Zbl 1284.11096)] where there is no Brauer-Manin obstruction for points but, according to \\textit{J.-L.~Colliot-Th\u00e9l\u00e8ne} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 138, No. 2, 249--257 (2010; Zbl 1205.11075)], there is a zero-cycle of degree 1. 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