{"entities":{"Q447494":{"pageid":449261,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q447494","lastrevid":57610077,"modified":"2026-03-31T14:53:44Z","type":"item","id":"Q447494","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Creation of two-particle entanglement in open macroscopic quantum systems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6076587"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$A4DC6527-5281-4E06-BAE3-284A5F14C111","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"fe3847904c5c023da43f64345270446880a4477c","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Creation of two-particle entanglement in open macroscopic quantum systems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$03CF9982-2F1C-4520-981F-28BAB058BFC2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"801f141776ffcf039637ed76ac30db052d18f242","datavalue":{"value":"1248.81016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$27AE40A7-1CED-4976-AEF3-24CDE90AB273","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"4a6a274835e578ef361dd21bfe35d58d94d2e273","datavalue":{"value":"10.1155/2012/375182","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$5C2654CA-66BD-42B3-B766-6E35745790B0","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a6dfd7422c33b02e24340d149bb85ffdba98eb97","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":217184,"id":"Q217184"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$677031A8-0929-4F34-97F5-FBB152265CF2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e14bf5f7173c79047c76b9888c3202f0e838137e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":407914,"id":"Q407914"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$95D2CADF-55D6-40D6-9349-FDA898619D16","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"42408f76872b696ef4fbca52f00104073924ae18","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":504054,"id":"Q504054"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$474CC1F6-CC2D-497E-9447-7D98353A0AA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"f1ff54ee70bc8da8c728636b9494a8ac24619d4a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1410952,"id":"Q1410952"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$6E9526E3-ACE8-4151-85D4-9B0554E6FAD9","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"5cb80bbaaeddf733371a48c4c4ec44532ed081fb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":277659,"id":"Q277659"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$F9D6EA88-40B8-4125-86B6-0BADAF0D8510","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a933b2ead0cc75fd18543e1d82a9ae7def7bfd59","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2012-09-04T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$FEB6FC0D-7ACE-4FAA-9C9D-3BC778BA88DB","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"284e66238b0141c555b7a596dbea202ea688533e","datavalue":{"value":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1109.2234","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$D1A1A6FA-D022-4CF2-A426-C119B9170E93","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"847738f34393062b8c0d8f8b517cb5d20865127b","datavalue":{"value":"Summary: We consider an open quantum system of \\(N\\) not directly interacting spins (qubits) in contact with both local and collective thermal environments. The qubit-environment interactions are energy conserving. We trace out the variables of the thermal environments and \\(N - 2\\) qubits to obtain the time-dependent reduced density matrix for two arbitrary qubits. We numerically simulate the reduced dynamics and the creation of entanglement (concurrence) as a function of the parameters of the thermal environments and the number of qubits, \\(N\\). Our results demonstrate that the two-qubit entanglement generally decreases as \\(N\\) increases. We show analytically that, in the limit \\(N \\rightarrow \\infty\\), no entanglement can be created. This indicates that collective thermal environments cannot create two-qubit entanglement when many qubits are located within a region of the size of the environment coherence length. We discuss possible relevance of our consideration to recent quantum information devices and biosystems.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$BEBE0CED-76FF-4001-8A19-0CA69FD6077D","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"f24653aa1199cc1945329372b679ce65a535e4a5","datavalue":{"value":"81P40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$26CE565A-97F1-4C64-B2B2-02BF4612645F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"78229ed697f20cc782037baf34ac4e34898a2ce5","datavalue":{"value":"81S22","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$69BFEB10-EFC2-4937-BC15-1CBAE83A2D36","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5ad520e693164ee43aea926a3e9c2bb6104bc621","datavalue":{"value":"82D30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$6EC73BF4-D99F-464B-8850-43A3B086C7A1","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"74fa37fb637d66d201619cb66b766c66f0752bbb","datavalue":{"value":"6076587","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$B6DB05F0-9EF9-4FE2-A73E-E73F88FF673B","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"e9e3284b271ca46ffef1b77112c8d95e2c37c845","datavalue":{"value":"Q58066368","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$6B34BD2E-FE53-4D51-A7A0-BF4470FC3DE1","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$A3148078-AF83-4664-BC80-734896D06478","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"afce6718e6b3fa66e9a8c0fe4e48081c784c3040","datavalue":{"value":"W2168180715","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$F516FA12-CA03-4C89-AFDE-34C676874110","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5bcb6c68298b034b8b51b220a981bc6e5380c9e3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3523558,"id":"Q3523558"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$D73A1403-7134-4FF8-B873-9DB06DA03E2E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d295f05cd634ca9085e3f9a162e533a093e82a97","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3101729,"id":"Q3101729"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$F3DEBDB2-3313-474C-B8DA-98509506EFA3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9640e5e9352a150e777525db58252a758cd96728","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3104198,"id":"Q3104198"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$6EE21073-196A-4113-BA7F-523EDEC54B96","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4bde72e8e56eec29ff2d3e73bc32d161ca444eaa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3088230,"id":"Q3088230"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$90740B08-F85E-4393-9CEB-604AED373C92","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cb8fbc9830d5dce65a2221d456062ebc42231063","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2472354,"id":"Q2472354"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$E73F2727-F553-491C-BC8C-7BAA8C0F9327","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1e04692bfbcbd97c4d1788cb63111541742dbe6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2518417,"id":"Q2518417"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$0A7A5120-4FD7-49A0-9426-A20CFE781E89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"89333a0d232ca7d66542138354a40c6d07ee8221","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3107794,"id":"Q3107794"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$D01FFD58-8FF7-4F8F-87D2-C2E25B0AD5E8","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d0321ecf01adfdc24b64eb090f64a46c3381c65a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5141602,"id":"Q5141602"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f4c6ed85106899824b4df0d0e42f8b0cb8bf8e25","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.795035719871521","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q447494$96AC819E-CE7D-4D42-BAA4-F090E9EF13F1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"98bbd834e01c0dafbe80471fb1de4dc2d349404f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3104198,"id":"Q3104198"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d7c13bc106706ac162cb1f176f948bcfeb7bdbcb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7678698897361755","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q447494$4029D740-F058-4BCD-8E38-AF20914B5060","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"40ba089acdf730ad83837d3335b74e3041a7fca4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2410492,"id":"Q2410492"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"294e908037bd359f3ccf96565b1cf18cd38b5976","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7658957242965698","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q447494$4134D09D-54F2-436F-955A-6A46B5EFC8CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"636f918f8de2bfb8baae26e19e9bffc485c01d55","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3653610,"id":"Q3653610"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9697cf78b24b77fe1ee79cf58077015f81b4d79f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7593470215797424","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q447494$24FEFCBE-B61B-4A33-8113-82C54D319566","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2eb9e7abf6ad47d8e73aa6022a7403aeb493b353","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2016550,"id":"Q2016550"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f81a71243eee6323c6b9728bc97b8be7d679dccc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7586595416069031","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q447494$71941A5B-0592-4DF4-9B73-C3930915471B","rank":"normal"}],"P163":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P163","hash":"45fcd4163b5f33e6e8c784f5522d7246c0a1a61e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":57056,"id":"Q57056"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q447494$3812236B-8C63-454F-8A51-92811D99D31E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:447494","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:447494"}}}}}